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SHOWETG  THE  OEIGI^^AL  SOUEOES  FEOM 

WHICH  IT  IS  SUPPOSED  TO  HATE 

BEEI^   COMPILED 

With  an  Introduction 


Cy  EDWIN  CONE  BISSELL 

Professor  in  McConnick  Theological  Seminary^  Chicago 


"  ©rove  all  tbings ;  bolD  fast  tbat  wbicb  le  goo5  "  —  i  Thess.  v.  31 


Hartford,  Conn. 

BELKNAP    &    WARFIELD 

1892 


Copyrighted,  1892 
By  Edwin  Coxe  Bissell 


Press  of  The  Case,  Lockivood  tk  Brainard  Co.,  Hartford.,  Conn. 


IITTEODUCTIOT^. 


!CtS 

CORRECTIONS  IN  THE  INTRODUCTION.  ™- 

'  VG 

P.  iii,  line  14,  change  "previous"  toXVIth;  line  87,  "lemon"  toorange;  Hue  the 

33,  "  orange "  to  lemon.  '  the 

P.  V,  line  3,  change  16, 18,  to  l(i-18;  line  20,  "  verse  37"  to  verse  46-  line  21  '^^^^ 

"49"  to  50.  '  '  ind 

P.  xii,  strike  out  footnote  and  the  reference  to  it  in  the  te.xt.  f,^* 

_     ^_   ^  _  ,-ith 

the  explanations  given  on  the  pfeyi^as-  page.  The  blue  color,  leauing  ou  m  mc  ic.^t,  i.,pre- 
sents  the  supposed  original  source  of  the  HcxateucB' — that  is,  the  Pentateuch  and  Jo.shua  — 
generally  entitled  P.  This  letter  stands  for  Priests'  Code,  the  most  essential  part  of  it  being 
those  laws  of  E.xodus,  Leviticus,  and  Numbers,  which  relate  to  the  priesthood  and  the 
'■  Mosaic  "  institutions  generally.  It  embraces  about  one-half  of  the  matter  of  this  part  of  the 
Bil)le.  The  next  color  (black),  beginning  at  2 :  4''  is  used  for  a  document  known  as  3,  the  first 
letter  of  the  word  Jehovist,  or  Jahvist,  for  which  it  stands.  It  is  held  to  be  partial,  through- 
out Genesis,  to  the  title  Jehovah  for  God,  as  the  previous  document  is  to  the  word  Elohim.  In 
the  character  of  its  matter  it  is  mostly  historical,  tliough  with  a  tendency  to  prophecy. 

The  third  color  (green),  first  appearing  in  a  single  word,  likewise  in  2:  4'',  is  used  for 
every  sort  of  editorial  addition  and  change,  early  or  late,  found  in  any  of  the  alleged  sources, 
including  the  transference  of  matter  from  one  source  to  another.  For  the  indication  of  glosses, 
that  is,  of  matter  which,  after  the  final  redaction,  found  its  way  into  the  text,  a  black  line,  as 
at  3:  19,  has  been  drawn  under  the  matter  thus  explained.  The  fourth  color  {l«»Mi>fl),  begin- 
ning with  4:  16,  does  not,  by  itself,  stand  for  a  separate  document,  but  simply  for  an  earlier 
source  of  J  (.!').  It  is  a  part  of  the  theory  of  our  critics  maintaining  the  analysis,  that  each  of 
the  three  principal  sources  found  in  Genesis  circulated,  at  first,  as  an  independent  work  and  so 
became  more  or  less  altered  before  they  were  combined  together  in  their  present  form. 

For  chapter  14,  which  Kautzsch  and  Socin  felt  unable  to  classify  with  any  of  the  other 
documents,  a  special  color  (oya»gc)  is  used.  Most  critics  assign  it  to  the  editor  who  worked  it 
over  ou  the  basis  of  the  E  document  later  described.  In  1.5 :  1-4,  and  occasionally  afterwards, 
there  is  an  example  of  an  alleged  combination  of  the  two  documents  .1  and  E  in  such  a  manner, 
that  the}-  are  no  longer  separable.  For  matter  of  this  sort  a  brown  color  has  been  chosen. 
The  document  E  is  said  to  appear,  independently,  first  in  chai)ter  20,  though  subsequently 
requiring  a  good  deal  of  space  in  Genesis,  P  largely  retiring  before  it.  For  E  a  red  color  has 
been  selected.  Its  matter  is  mostly  historical  like  that  of  J,  and  in  other  respects,  it  is  claimed 
to  have  a  close  aflRnity  with  it,  though,  like  P,  using  the  title  Eluhim  for  God.  From  this 
last  circumstance  it  derives  its  name.  As  it  respects  the  age  of  the  several  sources,  there 
is  pretty  general,  though  by  no  means  universal,  agreement  among  those  who  accept  the 
analysis  that  their  chronological  order  is  J,  E,  P,  and  that  none  of  them  took  fixed  form  until 
long"  after  the  Mosaic  period.  The  usual  date  for  J  and  E  being  about  B.  C.  800-750;  while 
P  is  regarded  as  post-exilian,  the  publication  of  it  being  assigned  by  AVellhausen  to  B.  C.  444. 

Such  is  the  analysis  which  has  been  fixed  upon  for  the  first  book  of  the  Bible.  Here  our 
introduction  might  properly  have  ended  had  it  seemed  likely  that  this  manual  would  come  only 
into  the  hands  of  persons  fully  acquainted  with  the  discussions  which  have  preceded,  and  are 
still  going  on  over  this  partition  of  the  text.  Since  this  is  most  improbable,  it  appeared 
desirable  to  note  also  Some  of  the  chief  grounds  on  which  the  scheme  is  advocated,  together 
with  such  other  facts  as  may  guide  the  intelligent  reader  in  his  independent  investigations  and 
point  the  way  to  just  results.     A  beginning  may  be  made  then,  by  inquiring  whether  on  a  priori 


Die  Genfsis  mit  Aeusserer  Unterscheidung  der  Qudletischriften,  etc. :    Zwcite  Auflagc,  Freiburg,  ISfll. 

(iii) 


iv  INTRODUCTION. 

or  other  grounds  it  is  antecedently  probable  that  so  many  documentary  histories  on  this  theme, 
and  of  this  sort,  would  naturally  have  arisen  among  the  Israelites  at  the  perio<ls  named,  or  at 
any  other  period.'  If  this  question  cannot  certainly  be  negatived,  it  will  l)e  iie.xt  in  order  to 
examine  the  compilation  itself,  including,  as  one  goes  on,  tlie  material  of  the  several  documents 
said  to  compose  it.  It  is  claimed  that  it  consists  of  very  dissimilar  matter.  In  fact,  this  dis- 
similarity is  one  of  the  chief  reasons  given  for  regarding  the  documents  as  such.  It  relates  — 
as  in  the  end  will  more  fully  appear  —  not  only  to  their  point  of  view,  but  to  a  host  of  particu- 
lars in  which  they  are  found  to  clash  with,  and  even  directly  to  contradict,  one  another.  It 
will  be  in  point,  accordingly,  to  ask  further,  whether  such  diversity  of  material  might  not 
well  have  deterred  a  compiler  in  that  early  day  from  his  undertaking.  If  tlie  answer  usuallj^ 
given  be  accepted  as  valid  and  sufficient,  that  in  his  time  these  documents  had  already  and 
equally  attained  semi-canonical  valuation  notwitlistanding  their  mutual  antagonisms  and  that 
he  wished  to  preserve  them  as  intact  as  possiljle,  the  faitliful  iuvestigator  will  still  be  far  from 
the  solution  of  his  problem. 

He  will  take  note  of  the  fact,  in  passing,  that  it  is  largely  with  presuppositions  and  con- 
jectures that  he  has  thus  far  had  to  do.  Some  of  them  are  of  a  colossal  character  and 
beyond  the  reach  of  veritication :  as,  for  instance,  that  these  heterogeneous  documents  passecl 
through  several  editions  before  being  united  together  as  they  now  are,  and  that  from  this  fact 
arise  certain  of  their  present  peculiarities  (.!').  He  will  be  moved,  therefore,  to  ask  \>y  what 
process  documents,  by  admission  and  necessary  presupposition,  so  radically  unlike,  have  been 
united  together  to  form  a  literary  and  ethical  unity  so  renuu-kable  as  is  acknowledged  to  exist 
in  the  book  of  Genesis.  He  will  be  led,  in  short,  to  study,  and  thoroughly  test  the  method  of 
the  compiler.  Does  he,  as  matter  of  fact,  treat  his  material  as  though  it  were  of  a  sacred 
character  ?  Is  he  everywhere  consistent  with  himself  ?  Is  he  frank  and  open  in  his  dealing, 
and  evidently  governed  by  a  purpose  in  harmony  witli  the  object  he  ostensibly  has  in  view  ? 
Undoubtedly  the  best  way  to  understand  a  book  is  to  come,  in  some  good  degree,  into  sym- 
pathy with  the  man  who  wrote  it.  '^  Is  it  possible  to  do  so  with  this  unknown  author  of 
Genesis  ?  These  questions,  we  say,  will  not  be  settled  by  the  faithful  investigator  off-hand,  or 
on  merely  n  -priori  grounds.  What  he  wants  is  strictly  scientific  results.  He  will  consequently 
adopt  a  proper  logical  method,  and  follow  the  compiler,  step  by  step,  throughout  his  work. 
The  present  book  offers  to  him  the  ojjportunity  of  doing  this  easily.  By  means  of  it  a  reader 
of  ordinary  intelligence  can  readily  learn  what  the  supposed  original  sources  are,  how  they 
have  been  dealt  with  in  relation  to  one  another,  and  what  is  to  be  learned  besides,  through  the 
direct  testimony  of  the  matter  printed  in  green,  of  the  spirit  and  aims  of  the  compiler. 

We  have  no  wish  to  anticipate,  much  less  prejudice,  the  personal  investigations  whicli 
this  manual  may  inspire.  We  do  consider  ourselves,  however,  at  liberty  to  point  out  the  facts 
as  far  as  we  may  be  able  to  do  so  in  our  limited  space.  A  recent  writer  in  Germany  who 
accepts  the  analy.sis  says  of  this  feature  of  it  :  "One  thing  strikes  me  unpleasantly  in  the 
results  of  the  hypothesis  of  the  dociuueuts  thus  far  att.ained,  that  the  acuteness  of  the  supposed 
redactor  stands  in  absolutely  antipodal  relations  to  the  cleverness  of  the  critics.  The  redactor 
is  supposed  to  have  made  the  compilation  according  to  principles  which  directly  exclude  one 
another.  At  one  time  he  rejiroduced  liis  sources  with  the  greatest  faithfulness;  at  another  he 
had  reference  to  the  connection  and  unity  of  his  own  work. "  '  Professor  Harper  speaks  even 
niore  depreciatingly  of  this  theoretical  personage  in  his  series  of  papers  in  IMiraimA  He 
says:  "  His  spirit  is  far  from  being  a  critical  one.  He  did  not  hesitate  to  use  his  material  in 
any  way  which  would  best  subserve  his  aim.  He  inserted  and  omitted;  changed  and  arranged. 
He  handled  the  sources  used  as  freely  as  if  he  had  been  the  author.  Again, ^  "If  it,"  that  is. 
the  matter  of  Genesis,  "is  composed  of  different  stories  of  the  same  event,  joined  together  by 
an  editor  who  did  not  have  insight  sufficient  to  enable  him  to  see  that  he  was  all  the  time 
committing  grave  blunders,  and  yet  felt  no  hesitation  in  altering  the  originals  with  which  he 
was  working,  it  is  not  historical  in  the  ordinary  sense  of  that  term."  These  are  grave  charges, 
and  they  are  made,  be  it  observed,  by  critics  who  hold  to  the  analysis.  One  says  that  the 
compiler  was  not  consistent  with  himself,  but  quite  the  contrary ;  the  other,  that  he  is  uncriti- 
cal, without  adequate  capacity,  committing  all  the  time  grave  blunders,  and,  worst  of  all,  that 
he  is  untrue  to  the  originals  "with  which  he  worked.  It  is  for  the  reader  himself  to  test  the 
matter  whether  these  complaints  have  just  grounds  and  how  far  they  represent  the  true  state 
of  the  case. 

We  may  refer,  for  example,  to  7:  3,  9,  23  where,  in  three  instances,  without  note  or  com- 
ment, he  has  "inserted  in  one  of  his  authorities  words  taken  bodily  from  another;  and  point  out 
that  in  doing  so  lie  is  acting  in  direct  antagonism  with  the  principle  which,  in  general,  is  sup- 


'  See  Blblia  for  Aug.,  1S91,  j).  13G;  also  Prof.  Osgood  in  the  snmc  (a  rcprinled  paper  from  the  S.  S.  Times)  for 
,  p.  12.3. 

2  See  Robertson,  in  the  Jlairil  LerOire  for  1891,  p.  vii. 

=  Volk,  Enlwlcklungsgescliichle  der  A.  T.  Religion,  1S91,  p.  12.  '  V.  OS.  '  IliiiL,  p.  70. 


INTRODUGTIOK  V 

posed  to  govern  him,  that  his  documents  are  canonicaily  sacred  and  are  allowed  to  speak  for 
themselves.  Other  efforts  to  smooth  over  abrupt  transitions,  or  to  supply  additional  informa- 
tion by  the  insertion  of  extraneous  matter  appear  in  9:  18,  19:  10:  9,  16(-48,  3-1.  In  13:  17, 
he  has  without  authority  added  the  words  "and  his  house."  In  13:  1,  he  has  likewise  altered 
the  documentary  record  by  inserting  "and  Lot  with  him."  In  15:  7,  8,  13-16,  19-31,  he  has 
introduced  a  large  amount  of  matter  into  what  was  originally  a  simple  account  of  a  sacrifice 
by  Abraham,  giving  a  wholly  different  meaning  to  the  transaction.  In  16 :  8-10,  there  is  an- 
other attempt  at  harmonizing  conflicting  statements  by  supplying  words  which  are  put  into  the 
mouths  of  Hagar  and  of  Jehovah.  In  17:  10,  there  is  a  similar  insertion  of  \mauthorized  ma- 
terial, and  here,  in  what  purports  to  be  a  direct  promise  from  God  to  Abraham.  In  31 :  1,  and 
in  33:  11,  he  has  changed  the  word  Elohimio  Jehoixih.  In  the  latter  chapter  he  is  also  respon- 
sible for  verses  14-18,  i.  e.,  for  the  important  promises  of  Jehovah  to  Abraham  and  the  naming 
of  the  place  where  he  offered  Isaac,  "  Jehovah-jireh."  In  verse  30  he  is  guilt}' of  a  gross 
chronological  misstatement  by  putting  in  the  words,  "  after  these  things,"  which,  if  real,  be- 
long elsewhere  and  to  another  document.  In  34 :  67,  he  has  deliberately  inserted  the  mislead- 
ing words  "his  mother"  and  "his  mother  Sarah."  In  36:  1,  he  asserts  what  he  must  have 
known  to  be  untrue,  that  the  famine  there  described  was  a  different  one  from  that  which  oc- 
curred in  the  days  of  Abraham ;  and  the  context  contains  three  other  falsifications  of  the  record 
(verses  3-5,  15,  18),  to  make  them  square  with  the  first.  To  make  a  smoother  transition  be- 
tween chapters  37  and  38,  and  give  an  appearance  of  continuity,  he  forged  verse  37  of  the 
former.  In  place  of  Jelimnh  he  put  Elohim  in  31 :  49.  Again,  to  give  the  appearance  of 
a  continuous  narrative  where  there  was,  in  fact,  merely  a  two-fold  account  of  the  same  event, 
he  inserted  the  word  "  again"  in  35:  9.  Throughout  the  hi.story  of  Joseph  (37:  5,  8,  10;  39: 
1,  8,  10,  30,  33;  43:  7,  38;  43:  14;  45:  19-31;  46:  1,  3,  5,  8-37;  47:  4,  34;  48:  7,  31;  49: 
38;  50:  33),  he  did  apparently  his  best  by  arbitrary  insertions,  changing  proper  names,  trans- 
ferring matter  from  one  source  to  another,  and  other,  as  from  the  basis  of  the  theory  must  be 
allowed,  unwarrantable  alterations  to  produce  from  his  threefold  originals  of  the  one  story  a 
pleasing  verisimilitude  which  should  pass  for  truth.  ^ 

Now  these  are  facts  which  are  nuitter  of  record  by  our  critics  on  the  pages  before  us,  and 
no  one  of  them  cares  to  dispute  them.  It  is  for  the  intelligent  reader  to  say  what  their  real 
bearing  is  on  the  current  theory  of  the  analysis  which  they  are  meant  to  support.  It  is  not 
needful,  at  present,  to  consider,  unless  one  so  choose,  what  their  bearing  is  on  the  important 
questions  of  the  authenticity,  authority,  and  divine  inspiration  of  Genesis;  but  how  are  they 
supposed  to  help  the  theory  under  consideration  ?  Do  they  lielp  it,  or  are  they  a  millstone 
about  its  neck  ?  One  can  see  how  our  critics  might  suppose  themselves  to  be  benefited  by 
this  conspicuous  ally;  though  he  often  acts  in  alleged  antagonism  with  liiniself ;  yes,  especially, 
because  he  so  acts.  It  increases  by  so  much  —  does  it  not  ?  —  the  realm  of  possible  conjecture 
in  which  they  must  be  acknowledged  so  largely  to  move.  The  list  of  passages  in  which 
they  agree  with  what  he  is  supposed  to  have  done  is  by  no  means  small.  Those  in  which  they 
disagree  with  him  extend,  so  much  further,  the  area  of  sujiposition,  and,  what  is  more,  per- 
mit in  the  material  another  sort  of  adjustment  to  the  main  theory,  which  from  the  usual 
point  of  view  would  be  impossible.  The  discriminating  reader  is  to  decide,  then,  since  our 
critics  themselves  have  not  told  us  what  their  real  object  was  in  suggesting  such  a  device, 
whether  it  was  not  intended  to  give  them  a  chance,  in  certain  necessary  cases,  to  guess  twice 
instead  of  once.  Who  is  the  redactor  ?  Is  he,  or  is  he  not,  the  ci-eature  of  the  theory  which 
makes  use  of  him  ?  Can  it,  by  any  possibility,  be  maintained  without  him;  without  him,  the 
blunderer,  the  confessedly  inconsistent  and  uncritical  compiler,  a  litterateur  without  capacity 
and  often,  at  least,  without  honesty,  who  yet  set  for  himself  the  task  of  preparing  a  sacred 
history  of  the  world's  beginning  and  of  God's  ways  with  men  ?  "Science  implies  some  system 
of  presentation,  some  consistency  of  views,  some  coherence  of  reasoning."  Does  it  require  it 
less  in  the  immediate  agent  than  in  the  principal  ?     Qui  ffieit  per  alium  facit.  per  se. 

The  matter  ju.st  considered  may,  or  may  not,  be  regarded  as  decisive  of  the  main  question 
at  issue.  It  is,  however,  but  one  of  many  tests  to  be  applied  to  the  reasoning  of  our  critics  of 
the  analysis.  There  are  chiefly  four  grounds  on  which  they  base  the  conclusions  to  which  they 
have  come:  alleged  duplicate,  or  triplicate  accounts  of  the  same  event;  differences  in  point  of 
view  relating  to  theological  and  other  matters ;  and  diversity  in  style  and  vocabulary,  including 
the  use  of  the  divine  names.  As  yet  there  has  been  no  adequate  presentation,  by  English  or 
American  writers,  of  these  several  arguments.  2  The  scheme  has  made  its  delnit  among  us  as  a 
product  of  the  "ripest  German  scholarship,"  and  has  been  generally  accepted,  if  at  all,  on  the 
basis  of  what  is  commonly  known  as  the  "consensus  of  later  criticism."     In  the  most  of  what 


I  We  have  taken  the  liberty  here  of  quoting  matter,  to  pome  extent,  from  a  paper  of  our  own  in  the  Bitriford 
Seminar!)  Record  for  Oct..  1891,  p.  4. 

^  The  eeries  of  papers  by  Drs.  Harper  and  Green  iu  HebraicUy  from  Oct.,  1888,  is  unlikely  to  reach,  unfortunately, 
a  large  circle  of  readers  in  their  present  form. 


vi  INTRODUCTION. 

has  appeared  on  the  subject,  "there  is  a  continual  assumption  of  something  which  the  reader 
has  been  no  party  in  establishing,  a  building  upon  foundations  which  arc  underground. 
Whether  the  assumptions  are  supported  by  arguments  to  wliich  lie  would  yield,  whether  the 
foundations  are  securely  laid,  he  does  not  know.  He  must,  therefore,  eitlier  surrender  himself 
to  his  critical  guides,  or  get  perplexed  over  the  mass  of  intricate  details."  '  All  that  can  be 
hoped  for  in  the  present  essay,  as  has  been  said,  is  to  put  the  reader  in  the  way  of  settling  for 
himself,  without  undue  bias  from  any  quarter,  the  leading  points  in  the  discussion. 

Taking  up,  severally,  the  arguments  named,  though  in  a  reverse  order,  it  is  obvious  that 
there  is  a  somewhat  peculiar  use  of  the  divine  names  Elohim  and  Jehi/nah  in  the  earlier  chajiters 
of  Genesis;  and  it  is  not  strange  that  it  suggested,  long  ago,  the  possibility  of  dilferent  docu- 
mentary sources.  The  careful  reader  will  find,  however,  that  this  peculiarity  is  confined  to  the 
earlier  portions.  In  the  last  ten  chapters  of  the  book  the  title  Jelumah  occurs  but  once,  a  fact, 
ap|iarently,  which  has  little  influence  on  the  analysis  adopted.  It  should  be  stated,  indeed, 
that  this  usage  respecting  the  divine  names  in  Genesis  has,  at  present,  compared  with  earlier 
periods  of  tlie  criticism,  quite  a  subordinate  place.  It  is  for  the  reader  to  say  whether  it  is 
especially  singular  that  different  names,  expressive  of  different  relations,  are  applied  to  God  in 
the  Bible,  or  that  relatively  more  is  made  of  this  fact,  as  of  the  meaning  of  other  i)roper 
names,  in  its  ojicning  ])ages.  It  will  be  noted  that  the  coniiiiler  evidently  wishes  to  be  under- 
stood as  ])utting  .hhovdh  quite  on  a  level  with  Eloldm  (see  chajis.  3,  3).  It  will  be  noted,  too, 
that  the  theory  before  us  ])resupposes  that  while  the  document  J  had  both  titles  at  its  disposal, 
it  uses,  predominantly,  one  of  them.  Is  not,  then,  the  principle  tacitly  assumed  by  our  critics 
themselves,  that,  in  the  case  of  one  of  these  early  writers,  at  least,  the  significance  of  the  title 
had  much  to  do  with  its  special  use  ?  Furthermore,  were  it  to  be  admitted  as  probable  that 
the  alternation  of  the  divine  titles  in  the  early  chapters  of  Genesis  of  itself  points  towards  a 
theory  of  two  original  sources,  should  it  not  be  expected,  on  every  ground,  that  Elohim  would 
be  found  with  the  older  one  ?  Above  all,  ought  not  Jehovah  to  have  been  the  title  dominating 
iin  the  Priests'  code  and  the  "Mosaic"  institutions  generally  ?  The  reader  will  certainly  not 
jfail  to  see  the  injustice  in  such  a  discussion  of  putting  at  the  start  a  new  interpretation  on 
|Ex.  6:  3,  coeval  only  with  the  theory  it  is  made  to  support,  to  the  effect  that  the  name  Jehmali 
was  unknown  in  the  patriarchal  period.  ^ 

These  preliminary  considerations  being  duly  weighed,  an  inductive  study  of  the  use  of 
the  divine  names  in  Genesis  will  be  in  order.  Unless  the  critical  reader  arrive  at  different 
results  from  those  obtained  by  us,  he  will  be  struck  with  the  ease  with  wliich  the  two  chiefly 
concerned  range  themselves  under  the  following  heads,  no  one  of  which  is  unreasonable  or  out 
of  harmony  with  the  theory  of  the  essential  unity  of  the  book.  1.  The  distinction  in  usage  is 
sometimes  based  on  the  natural  difference  between  God  as  creator  and  ruler  in  nature,  and  God 
in  human  history,  or  as  theocratic  ruler.  2.  Jehorah  is  used  not  only  in  hariiiony  with  the 
principle  just  stated,  but,  at  the  same  time,  in  immediate  connection  with  other  divine  names 
on  their  first  introduction,  for  the  purpose  of  identification  (as  Elohim  in  chapters  2,  3;  El 
Elyon,  14:  22;  El  Hhaddai,  17:  1).  This  usage  is  very  instructive  in  many  respects.  3.  Elohim 
is  often  used  appellatively  (=  Deity) :  to  mark  the  distinction  between  God  and  man  as  such  (as 
at  5:  22),  or  in  connection  with  those  outside  the  theocracy  (as  at  3:  2).  4.  One  or  the  other 
title  is  used  on  the  ground  that,  for  some  one  of  the  above  reasons,  it  has  been  used  in  a  pre- 
vious section,  to  which  evident,  though  tacit,  reference  is  thus  made.  5.  They  are  occaaioioilly 
interchanged  for  one  another,  in  the  last  two-thirds  of  the  book,  for  no  specially  apparent 
reason,  either  title  being  appropriate  in  the  circumstances. 

On  the  other  hand,  it  will  occasion  no  little  surprise,  that  the  current  theory  which  sets 
out  really  to  explain  this  literary  phenomenon,  among  many  others,  has  so  much  difficulty 
even  in  adjusting  itself  to  it.  Besides  the  numerous  instances  where  Elohim  is  allowed  — 
illogically  we  must  think  —  to  remain  in  the  Jehonah  document  on  the  ground  that  it  does  not 
concern  the  analysis  (in  addition  to  twenty  times  in  Chapters  2  and  3,  with  Jihoeoh,  cf.  3:1,  3, 
5;  4:25;  6:  2,  4;  9:  27  (J');  32:  29,  31  ;  39:9;  44:16)  it  is  necessary  to  invoke  the  aid  of 
the  redactor  directly  to  change  the  title  Elohim  to  Jehoroh  or,  rice  rcmd,  seven  times  (7:9: 
14:22;  17:1  (most  critics);  21:  1;  22:11;  28:21;  31:50;  cf.  Jehmih  in  E  39:5);  and, 
indirectly,  that  is,  by  excerpting  fragments  of  the  text  from  their  natural  context  thirteen  times 


*  Robertson,  ibid.y  p.  4. 

''  Ttiat  this  cannot  be  the  meaninpc  of  the  passage  may  be  shown  from  several  ronsideralions.  1,  Its  actual  use  in 
the  narrative  from  the  beginning  of  Genesis  is  against  it;  par'tieularly  in  Ex.  :i:  14,  where  a  similar  emphasis  is  given  to  its 
etymological  meaning.  3.  Ex.  (i:  3,  refers,  especially,  as  is  clear  from  its  language,  to  (Jen.  17:  1.  But  in  this  very  verse 
Jehoi-ah.  is  used  for  God,  and  the  point  can  only  be  evaded  by  referring  it  to  the  redactor,  as  is  done  by  the  most  of  our 
critics.  3.  Giving  the  Hebrew  word  to  know  in  this  place  its  usual  meaning  in  the  liible  in  such  a  connection,  the 
statement  sif^nifies  simply  that  God  was  not  understood,  appreciated  by  the  Patriarchs  in  his  character  as  .hhorah. 
The  distinction,  as  80  often,  is  i|uaiititativc  luit  c|ualitiitive.  4.  There  are  still  other  passages  in  Genesis,  besides  1";  I, 
where  .lelmrah  is  found  in  the  P  document  (uhere  it  slionld  not  he  if  tin'  theory  be  true),  and  has  to  be  removed  by  the 
same  violiMit  method,  or  the  fact  met  l)v  hvpnthe.-es  e(|n:illv  urisuppnrted  and  improliable  (rf.  5:29;  7:18:  21:1), 
5.  If  Ex.  t>:  :i,  assert  what  our  critics  claim.  It  asserts  too  mui-h  for  iliem,  riz. :  that  God  was  known  to  the  Patriarchs 
only  (or,  at  least,  chiefly)  under  the  name  El  Sharldai.  while  they  hold  that  the  name  commonly  used  was  Elohim. 


INTRODUCTION.  vii 

(5:39;  7:16;  19:39;  30:18;  31:1,33;  33:14-18;  37:38;  30:34,37;  31:3;  33:5,  11). 
If  the  reader  And  these  data  correct,  he  will  draw  his  own  conclusious  as  to  their  bearing  on 
the  current  theory.  Textual  emendation  is  the  last  resort  of  the  critic.  The  number  of 
such  emendations  or  accommodations  here,  would,  no  doubt,  have  greatly  shocked  an  Astruc 
or  an  Eichhorn,  who  were  tlie  first  to  use  the  present  argument  in  favor  of  different  orig- 
inal sources.  Another  jjretty  clear  result  of  such  an  inductive  study  of  the  divine  names  in 
Genesis  relates  to  chapters  30-50.  It  is  absolutely  needful  for  the  theory  to  assume  here  the 
existence  of  a  second  Eluhim  document.  But  it  appears  that  it  largely  takes  the  place  of  P. 
which  uses  this  title  elsewhere ;  while,  at  the  same  time,  it  is  confessedly  so  much  like  its 
companion  document  J,  in  material  and  diction,  that  not  a  few  of  our  critics,  as  is  well  known, 
declare  themselves  unable  or  unwilling  to  draw  the  line  between  them.  v 

The  argument  from  language  outside  the  divine  names  requires  extreme  care  for 
obvious  reasons.  It  is  admitted  to  be  relatively  weak,  and  can  never  have  more  than  a  sub- 
ordinate and  supplementary  value."  There  is  no  visible  cleavage  line  among  the  supposed 
sources.  Certain  sections,  or  passages,  which  show  certain  features  are  assigned  to  one 
document,  and  those  which  are  left,  to  another,  or  two  others.  And  presto!  the  sources^ 
appear.  Could  any  other  result  have  been  expected,  or  well  be  possible  ?  The  foregone  con- 
clusion, in  each  case,  has  been  assumed  as  a  premise,  and  used  as  a  part  of  the  argument. 
We  need  not  suppose  that  such  a  process  of  reasoning  has  been  consciously  adopted.  But  it 
is  next  to  impo.ssible  in  the  present  instance,  or  indeed  in  any  branch  of  the  argument  for  doc- 
uments under  the.se  circumstances,  to  avoid  this  logical  snare.  Of  course,  if  it  be  found  in 
the  end  that  certain  sections,  or  passages,  agree  together  over  again.st  certain  others,  in  a 
number  of  different  particulars,  such  as  language  and  style,  point  of  view  and  form  of  pre- 
sentation, a  presumption  would  arise  that  they  liad  a  different  origin.  One  would,  however, 
be  far  from  having  a  scientific  proof  of  it.  In  the  nature  of  the  case,  it  must  forever  remain 
with  such  data  an  open  question  whether  the  several  passages  had  been  correctly  distributed. 

The  following  principles,  it  is  hoped,  will  commend  themselves  to  the  candid  reader  as 
fitted  to  guide  him  in  the  further  examination  of  this  branch  of  the  subject.  1.  Words  and 
expressions  cited  as  characteristic  of  a  supposed  original  document  should  be  of  a  marked 
character  in  themselves,  and  be  used  sufficiently  often  to  be  properly  so  named.  If  they  are 
seldom  found,  and  found  in  one  portion  of  the  document  only,  why  may  not  that  fact  be  as 
validly  used  to  disprove  the  unity  of  the  document  as  the  unity  of  the  work  ?  3.  On  the  sup- 
position that  language  is  used  to  express  a  writer's  thoughts,  the  subject-matter  in  which 
supposed  characteristic  expressions  are  found  is  always  to  be  given  the  predominant  place  in  a 
deciding  why  they  were  used.  3.  Any  number  of  alleged  peculiar  words  and  expressions, 
including  grammatical  forms,  found  in  one  set  of  passages  in  comparison  with  others  where 
they  do  not  appear,  should  obviously  be  given  no  consideration  in  determining  the  question 
of  original  .sources,  unless  at  the  same  time  it  is  shown  that  there  was  just  occasion  for  their  use 
in  both.  4.  The  fact  that  certain  words,  expressions,  and  grammatical  forms  occur  oftener  in 
one  alleged  document  than  in  another  cannot  fairly  be  given  weight  in  settling  the  question  of 
the  existence  of  such  documents  until  after  it  has  been  .shown  in  detail  that  there  was  a  fair 
opportunity  for  their  use  the  same  number  of  times  in  each.  This  test  may  impose  no  little 
additional  labor  on  the  critic;    but  without  it  all  his  other  labor  is  clearly  in  vain. 

5.  It  should  be  determined  whether,  in  solving  the  problem  of  documents,  words  and 
expressions  shall  be  considered  which,  in  order  to  have  a  bearing,  must  be  subjected  to  the 
strain  of  a  double  conjecture:  as,  for  example,  in  addition  to  the  original  one,  that  they  are 
not  in  their  original  form,  but  have  been  changed  by  the  editor;  or  that  they  are  not  in  their 
original  place,  when  to  remove  them  would  be  seriously  to  iuipair  the  present  sense  of  the 
passage.  6.  In  cases  where  synonyms  for  the  same,  or  a  similar,  thought  are  used,  it  is  to  be 
decided  whether  the  same  shade  of  meaning  was  intended  by  the  writer,  or  writers;  and, 
if  so,  whether  the  use  of  the  synonym  is  more  likely  to  be  due  to  a  different  writer,  or  to  the 
common  habit  in  Hebrew  writers  of  clothing  their  thoughts  in  a  variety  of  forms.  7.  Great  : 
care  is  to  be  taken  to  be  just  to  the  material  as  a  whole,  which  is  to  be  examined.  Over 
against  words  and  expressions  supposed  to  be  peculiar  to  two  or  more  documents,  respectively, 
there  should  be  a  thorough  search  to  see  whether  there  is  not  an  equal,  or  even  a  greater, 
number  common  to  both,  or  all,  and  peculiar  to  them.  If  this  should  be  found  to  be  the  case, 
and  one  still  hold  to  the  current  hypothesis  of  documents,  would  he  not  be  compelled  to  con- 
clude, either  that  they  quote  one  another,  or  that  both,  or  all,  look  back  to  a  common  original 
work  on  which  they  depend  ?  ^     8.     Words  of  legislative  or  ritualistic  coloring  found  in  P 


>  See  Bebraica,  V.  24,  64. 

'  A  few  of  the  reeults  to  be  obtained  by  puch  a  study  may  be  indicated.  The  following  words  or  expressions 
found  in  I)oth  P  and  J  (or  E)  have  at  least  a  footing  in  Genesis:  tlesh  (6:  3),  create  (2:  4''1,  lift  up  the  hand  (form  of  oath, 
implied  in  14:  22;  cf.  Ex.  6:  8;  Nu.  14:  30),  n.™ie  (=fame  12:  2),  shekel,  half  shekel  (23:  15;  24;  22),  said  to  his  heart 
(i.  c,  within  himself,  8:  21;  17: 17),  heavens  and  earth  (1:  1),  set  time  (17:  21;  18:  14),  article  with  the  Inf.  cstr.  (2;  9), 
joumeyings  (13:  3),  towards,  away  from,  the  sea  (^  west,  12;  8),  shortened  form  of  the  demonstrative  pronoun  pi.  (19:  8), 


viii  INTRODUCTION. 

might  fail  to  appear  in  J  or  E  on  the  reasonable  ground  that  they  have  no  legislative  material 
save  Ex.  xx.-xxiii.  So,  too,  poetic  expressions  should  not  be  expected  where,  in  the  nature  of 
the  case,  or  because  of  a  previous  manipulation  of  the  material,  there  is  no  poctrj'.  9.  Words 
may  be  found  in  several  places  in  Genesis  because  of  the  mutual  iuterdependence  of  the  sec- 
tions in  their  thought  and  a  tacit  reference  of  one  to  the  other,  rather  than  because  they  char- 
acterize a  separate  document.  10.  There  mu.st  be  obt.ained,  at  the  outset,  the  widest  possible 
consensus  of  our  critics  respecting  the  bounds  of  the  supposed  documents.  For  example,  a 
large  proportion  of  the  words  said  to  be  characteristic  of  P  are  found  in  Chapter  I. 

But  we  are  told,  at  the  same  time,  by  our  critics,  that  there  is  no  unanimity  in  making 
this  chapter  original  with  P.i  This  is  the  more  important,  that  P  is  said  to  have  a  very 
limited  historical  vocabulary,  the  .same  liecoming  practically  exhausted  before  Genesis  is  more 
than  two-thirds  completed.-  11.  Since  it  is  inherently  probable,  and  generally  admitted  by 
critics  of  all  schools  that  to  some  degree  original  sources  were  used,  by  the  author  of  Genesis, 
it  is  not  to  be  forthwith  concluded,  if  an  examination  of  its  language  and  style  show  the 
likelihood  of  such  use,  that  the  current  theory  of  compilation  is  the  correct  one.  The  theory 
adopted  must  square  itself  to  the  actual  facts  as  they  shall  appear.^  Let,  now,  these  evidently 
just  principles  of  criticism  be  wisely  and  conscientiously  followed  and  something  approaching 
probability  may  be  expected  as  a  result  in  this  department  of  the  investigation.  A  desire  to 
keep  this  paper  within  reasonable  limits  and  to  avoid,  as  far  as  possible,  the  technic  of  the 
classroom,  prevents  our  making  here  an  application  of  them  in  detail.  Let  it  suffice  to  say 
that,  axiomatic  and  reasonable  as  they  may  seem,  their  etfect  will  be  found  exceedingly  dras- 
tic on  the  formidable-looking  lists  of  words  adduced  by  our  critics  as  characteristic  of  the 
several  documents. 

The  next  point  to  be  considered  is  one  closely  connected  with  the  last:  an  alleged  differ- 
ence of  style  in  the  supposed  documents,  especially  between  P  and  J  (or  E).  P's  style  is  said 
I  to  be  stiff,  statistical,  chronological,  and  to  abound  in  repetitions;  while  J's  is  free,  flowing, 
land  even,  at  times,  poetic.  It  should  be  noted  that  difference  of  style  —  in  distinction  from 
[vocables  —  between  J  and  E  is  not  emphasized;  and,  again,  that  it  i.s  not  until  a  division  has 
'been  made  between  P  and  J  on  the  ground  of  style,  among  other  things,  that  this  argument  is 
plied.  Chapter  I,  admitted  to  be  wholly  unique,  even  lapidarian  in  its  style,  and  all  the  -Kr 
numerous  and  extended  genealogies  are  first  assigned  to  one  of  the  documents,  and  the  most  of 
the  narrative  (and  poetic)  matter  to  the  other.  Then  attention  is  called  to  their  differences. 
To  be  fair,  the  comparison  should  be  made  among  different  sections  of  the  text  under  like 
conditions,  when  both  have  the  same  theme  and  the  same  jiurpose:  as,  for  example,  in  the 
account  of  the  flood.  As  it  is,  the  remark  of  Dr.  Green  seems  fully  ju.stified :  "With  the 
same  propriety  a  bill  presented  by  a  merchant  to  his  customer  might  be  compared  with  a  letter 
written  to  his  wife,  and  diversity  of  authorship  inferred,  because  one  deals  in  dates  and  fig- 
ures and  business  forms,  and  the  other  in  easy,  flowing  sentences."'' 

The  third  principal  argument  used  in  sup])ort  of  the  current  analysis  is  an  alleged  differ- 
ence among  the  several  .sources  in  point  of  view.  As  hitherto,  only  a  Itare  example  of  the 
reasoning  pro  and  cou  can  be  given.  It  is  claimed  that  J  —  with  which  E  may  here  be 
included — is  much  more  anthropomorphic  than  P,  is  less  clear  and  firm  in  its  monotheism; 
represents  God  as  on  familiar  terms  with  men,  appears  to  him,  and  the  like;  in  short,  betrays 
an  earlier  and  more  mythical  coloring  than  P.  It  likewise  anticipates,  early  in  Genesis,  the 
later  Levitical  laws :  lets  Cain  and  Abel  sacrifice ;  gives  directions  about  altars ;  prohibits  cer- 


livinp;  (applied  to  water.  26:  10).  tlie  tliree  principal  synonyms  for  swearing  (12:  3;  24:  41;  27:  12.  etc.),  a  peculiar  form  of 
a  common  word  for  sheep  (:30:  ;i3),a  peculiar  word  for  trader  (:34:  10).  ttie  two  principal  synonyms  for  staff  (32:  11;  38:  18), 
a  very  rare  compf)und  preposition  138:  24).  a  word  for  fine  linen  for  whicli  another  was  used  during  and  after  the  Exile  (41 : 
42),  the  short  form  of  the  1st  i)erson  /?/.  of  the  personal  jironoun  (42:  11),  according  to  the  mouth  of  the  little  ones  (=ac. 
to  the  size  of  the  family,  47:  12).  The  list  might  be  greatly  and  fairly  e.\tended,  especially,  by  including  words  and  ex- 
pressions really  common  to  both,  but  given  exclusively  to  one  or  the  other  through  the  redactor  (6:  7;  7:  .3,  etc.). 

'  Hehraica,  iv.  230,  v.  24.  '  Ibid.,  v.  286.  Chapters  2  and  3  of  Genesis,  too,  assigned  generally  to  J,  and  made 
largely  its  standard,  are  denied  to  it  by  eminent  critics. 

3  Noliody  now  holds,  as  far  as  we  know,  that  Moses,  or  any  one  else,  originally  composed  Genesis,  retbafim  et 
literatim,  just  as  we  now  have  it.  All  scholars  regard  it  as  probable  that  whoever  wrote  it  bad.  for  some  parts  of  if, 
documentary  sources.  The  elder  Delitzsch  used,  in  his  classes,  to  express  it  as  his  opinion  that  Abraham,  when  he 
entered  Canaan,  brought  with  him  from  his  eastern  home,  written,  as  well  as  oral,  narratives  covering  the  facts  of  the 
earlier  parts  of  Genesrs.  He  could  not  well  have  failed  to  be  informed  of  such  facts,  since  transcripts  of  them  in  polythe- 
istic form  appeared  on  the  monuments  of  his  native  land.  It  is  also  a  fact  of  significance  that  in  the  Akkadian  account 
of  the  Deluge,  Hasisadra,  who  represents  the  Biblical  Noah,  is  said  to  have  been  ordered  to  bury  certain  documents 
before  enternlg  the  ark.  There  is  another,  and  a  iierfectly,  legitimate  method,  accordingly,  for  accounting  for  some  pecu- 
liarities of  language  and  style  in  the  opening  chapters  of  the  Hible  without  resorting  to  the  wide-reaching  and  all-inclusive 
theory  of  our  critics.  It  is  pretty  generally  conceded,  moreo\er,  that.  « hatever  isolated  exceptions  there  may  be  to  the 
mle,  as  a  rule  the  language  of  Genesis  is  the  oldest  extant  form  of  the  Hebrew.  On  one  hand  the  book  is  characterized 
by  a  considerable  number  of  archaistic  expressions,  if  the  language  have  any.  On  the  other,  it  is  equally  marked  by  a 
conspicuous  absence  of  signs  of  a  late  age  (c/'.  Ryssel.  De  ElohifiliC  Pt ntateuchici  Seiinone,  Lips.,  1878:  Dillmann,  Die 
Buecher  Numeri,  Denteronomium.  c/c.  1SH6.  pp.  66:3-665).  If,  therefore,  from  the  criterion  of  language  and  style  alone, 
it  is  impossible  to  say  that  the  book  did  not  arise  in  the  time  of  the  early  kings  of  Israel,  B.  C.  1000-750,  it  is  equally 
impossible  to  deny  that  it  might  have  arisen  in  the  times  of  Moses. 

<  Hefiraira,  v.  286.  Tnch  (C'owj.  I'tlxr  Me  Oeiifsis,  p.  xlix.)  says  of  P;  "Die  Schreibart  im  letztcren  Theile  (wird) 
geschmiediger  und  fliissiger  als  sie  zu  Anfange  erscheint." 


INTRODUCTION.  ix 

tain  abuses  of  worship,  presupposes  the  arts  of  civilized  life,  and  so  on,  all  of  which  is  not 
ouly  foreign  to  P,  but  impossible  to  it  as  being  of  much  later  origin,  i  Looking  at  the  other 
side,  it  should  not  be  unnoticed  by  the  discriminating  reader  that  P  has  relatively  but  a  small 
amount  of  matter  in  Genesis,  in  which  such  themes  would  uaturally  be  treated.  It  is,  as  we 
have  seen,  largely  genealogical,  and  otherwise  of  a  formal  character.  The  sections  assigned 
to  J,  on  the  contrary,  in  the  nature  of  the  case,  that  is,  because  Jehorah  predominates  in  them, 
might  be  expected  to  be  relatively  more  didactic,  predictive,  and  anthropomorphic. 

It  might  also  be  expected  to  contain  most  of  what  relates  to  the  early  forms  of  worship 
and  the  practices  of  Patriarchal  religion.  It  is  Jehmah  who  specially  represents  God  as  he  ap- 
pears in  Revelation  and  in  human  history,  and,  hence,  it  is  he  who  comes  into  the  closest  relations 
with  men.  Still,  it  will  appear,  on  closer  examination,  that  P  is  «s  really  anthropomorphic  as 
J  (cf.  1 :  3,  4,  5).  The  question  of  more  or  less  is  unimportant  in  view  of  the  fact  that  neither 
goes  beyond,  if  it  parallels,  similar  expressions  in  the  Prophets  (Is.  7:  18)  and  the  Psalms  (14: 
2;  44:  24).  If,  moreover,  J  is  held  not  to  be  rigidly  monotlieistic  because  it  represents  God 
assaying,  "Let  us  go  down";  "  The  man  has  become  as  one  of  us  "(3:  22;  4:  7);  then,  by 
parity  of  reasoning,  is  not  P  involved  in  the  same  charge  according  to  whom  God  says:  "  Let 
us  make  man  in  our  image";  or  Isaiah  who  puts  into  the  mouth  of  God  the  words  (6:  8): 
"Whom  shall  I  send,  and  who  will  go  for  us?"  In  P,  too,  we  are  told  of  Noah  and  Enoch 
that  they  "  walked  "  with  God;  and  of  Abraham,  that  he  "  talked  "  with  him.  In  P  there  is 
the  same  sort  of  theophany  implied  as  is  described  in  J,  when  it  is  said  that  Elohim  "went 
up"  from  Abraham;  "went  up"  from  Jacob  after  communing  with  them  (17:  22;  85:  13). 
It  is  conceded  that  ])assages  ascribed  to  3  foi-eshadow  (presuppose  they  do  not),  in  some  respects, 
subsequent  Mosaic  laws,  speak  of  sacrifices  and  altars,  etc.  But  it  will  be  found  that  these  facts 
betoken,  both  in  circumstances  and  form,  an  earlier  stage  in  the  history.  Besides,  passages  in  P 
do  as  much  as  this  also.  It  is  P  which  furnishes  tlie  basis  for  the  future  law  of  the  Sabbath 
(2:  1);  introduces  and  emphasizes  the  rite  of  circumcision  (17:  10,  11);  prohibits  the  eating  of 
blood,  and  so  looks  directly  forward  to  the  law  of  sacrifice  (9:  4);  recognizes  the  separation 
between  Israel  and  the  nations,  of  which  so  much  is  made  in  the  later  law  (Chapter  34) ;  and, 
unless  the  text  be  changed  to  avoid  it,  itself  recognizes  the  custom  of  the  drink-offering  and 
of  anointing  a  pillar  with  oil  (35:  13,  14. )2  Undoubtedly,  in  the  matter  referred  to  J  (Ji) 
the  rise  of  the  arts  and  a  general  application  of  them  is  indicated  (4:  16-24;  11:  1-9)  ;  but  it 
should  not  have  been  overlooked  that  a  similar  knowledge  is  implied  in  P  in  its  account  of 
Noah's  experience  with  the  Ark  {6:  13-16).  Hence,  the  question  left  the  reader  who  faith- 
fully follows  throughout  the  book  the  course  suggested  is,  Do  the  facts  really  warrant  the 
couclusion  reached?  Is  there  a  sutfioient  difference  between  P  and  J  in  these  respects,  all  the 
circumstances  being  considered,  to  justify,  so  far,  the  theory  of  separate  documents? 

The  fourth  and  final  argument  principally  urged  in  su])port  of  the  current  view  of  the 
composition  of  Genesis  is  that  there  are  evidently  found  in  it  variant  accounts  of  one  and  the 
same  series  of  events,  with  many  needless  repetitions,  betraying  to  the  critical  observer  the 
secret  of  its  origin.  We  come  here  to  what  appears  to  be  a  more  tangible,  and  appreciable 
reason  than  any  which  has  preceded  it.  But  the  d\]ty  of  proving  all  things  and  holding  fast 
only  that  which  is  good  is  no  less  imperative  than  ever.  To  begin  at  the  beginning,  there  are, 
it  is  claimed,  two  radically  distinct  accounts  of  the  creatiou  (Gen.  1-2:  4»;  2:  4''-23),  resulting 
from  the  juxtaposition  of  the  two  principal  documents  of  Genesis.  One,  P,  represents  the 
creation  as  proceeding  from  lower  to  higher  forms  of  life ;  J,  the  reverse ;  in  P  there  is  too 
much  water  for  vegetation;  in  J,  too  little;  in  P  man  and  woman  were  created  together;  in  J 
the  order  is  man,  vegetation,  animals,  woman ;  in  P  man  is  given  supreme  authority  over  the 
earth  at  once;  in  J  he  attains  it  only  after  sin  and  punishment;  in  P  man  is  created  in  God's 
image  to  rule  over  the  earth;  in  J  it  is  a  sin  for  man  to  seek  to  be  as  God,  to  know  the  world; 
in  P  the  universe  is  conceived  of  as  a  "diving-bell  "  in  water;  in  J  the  earth  is  an  indefinite 
extent  of  dry  plain  on  which  the  water  must  be  poured  by  Jehovah. 

The  supposed  history  contained  in  chapters  four  and  five  of  Genesis  is  similarly  decom- 
posed and  precipitated  by  the  chemical  tests  of  the  criticism.  There  are  two  distinct  and 
variously  discrepant  narratives  covering  the  same  ground  (J:  chap.  4,  except  16''-24;  P:  chap. 
5,  except  verse  28,  "a  son,"  and  verse  29).  The  genealogies,  though  represented  in  the  text 
as  showing  different  lines,  are  really  the  same  thing  in  different  forms.  I3y  blunder  or  caprice 
they  have  become  attached  to  different  ancestors.  The  document  J  appears  extremely  weak 
com])ared  with  its  neighbor.  Its  anthropomorphisms  are  said  to  be  excessive.  It  makes 
Jehovah  assist  at  child-birth,  have  a  heated  discussion  with  Cain,  represents  that  Cain  should 
have  had  more  knowledge  than  he  exhibits  concerning  sacrifice.     The  narrative  of  the  flood 


^  It  will  be  seen  how  readily,  from  constant  practice  (?)  our  critics  sli])  into  the  fallacy  known  as  circulus  in 
jtrobando.     Cf.    Hebraica.  v.  50,  et  passim. 

3  Kautzsch  and  Socin  (foot-note  in  loco)  offer  the  same  reason  for  calling  in  the  redactor  here,  of  which  so  great 
use  is  made  elsewhere:  it  is  not  like  P  to  speak  of  such  things,  and  so  he  does  not  here.    But  that  is  the  point  in  dispute. 


X  INTIWDUCTIOIV. 

(Gen.,  chaps.  6-9),  is  claimed  to  show  in  a  marked  degree  evidence  of  the  combination  of 
duplicate  accounts.  According  to  P,  the  beginning  of  the  flood  is  dated  by  the  life  of  Noah 
(7:  6,  11,  13);  it  is  caused  by  convulsions  of  nature;  the  waters  prevail  one  hundred 
and  lifty  days;  they  disappear  and  the  earth  is  dry  after  two  months  (8:  13',  14).  According 
to  J  the  flood  is  announced  but  seven  days  before  its  appearance  (7:  4,  10);  the  rain  was  on 
the  earth  forty  days  and  nights;  the  ground  dries  up  after  one  hundred  and  one  days  (8:  6,  8, 

10,  13,  IS"").  P's  ark  has  a  window  system  and  a  door  in  the  side;  J's  has  a  window  and  a 
cover.  J's  distinction  between  clean  and  unclean  animals  is  foreign  to  P.  J  makes  the  flood 
local  and  limited ;  P,  universal. 

So  throughout  the  account  of  the  patriarchs  there  is  the  same  duplication  of  material 
and  dubiety  of  impression,  until  we  come  to  the  twentieth  chapter  of  Genesis,  when  the  con- 
fusion is  increased  by  the  use  of  the  new  document  (E)  containing  still  another  version  of  the 
events  narrated.  Did  Abraham  have  any  quarrels  in  his  family  or  not  (Abraham  with  Lot, 
Sarah  with  Ilagar)  ?  Did  Sarah  actually  go  down  with  him  into  Egypt  ?  The  associated 
authorities  differ  on  these  points.  Can  circumcision  be  dated  from  Abraham's  time  ?  The 
older  document  knows  nothing  of  it.  The  facts  concerning  Hagar  and  Ishmael  are  particularly 
muddled  by  the  two  stories.  By  one,  Ishmael  being  unborn,  Hagar  is  so  treated  that  she  flees; 
by  the  other,  she  is  driven  out  with  the  child  on  her  shoulder.  (!)  By  one,  Hagar  is  at  fault; 
by  the  other,  it  is  Ishmael.  The  record,  moreover,  is  inconsistent  in  representing  that  Ishmael 
is  carried  on  the  shoulder  at  all;  since  he  is  too  old  to  be  so  treated  (P  and  J,  16:  1-16,  except 
8-10,  R;  E  21:  8-21).  The  representation  of  a  two-fold  covenant  with  Abraham  (chaps.  15 
and  17)  is  likewise  false.  It  is  the  same  event  twice  described,  and  the  differences,  which  are 
by  no  means  few,  it  is  necessary  to  charge,  as  so  often  before,  to  the  account  of  profit  and  loss. 
Double,  and  sometimes  triple,  reasons  are  given  for  proper  names  as  that  of  Ishmael  (J  16: 

11,  13;  P  17:  18,  21),  of  Isaac  (P  17:  17;  J  18:  13;  E  21  :  6),  of  Edora  (J  35:  35;  25:  30),  of 
several  of  Jacob's  sons,  of  Mahanaim,  Pcnuel,  and  of  Israel  (J  32:  25-32;  P  35:  10);  although 
it  is  assumed  that  but  one  of  them,  if  either,  is  correct;  and  so  on,  to  the  end  of  Genesis,  and 
the  end  of  the  Hexateuch. 

Here,  as  before,  the  uppermost  and  the  final  question  now  before  the  inquirer  does  not 
concern  so  much  the  authenticity  and  inspiration  of  the  narrative,  but  the  facts  of  its  origin. 
Still  the  two  questions  cannot  be  kejit  wholly  apart.  The  examination  of  the  alleged  phe- 
nomena at  this  point,  accordingly,  will  be  as  searching  ,as  the  im])ortance  of  the  subject 
requires.  The  serious-minded  will  wish  to  know  how  it  is  that  such  a  host  of  supposed  dis- 
crepancies and  contradictions  have  come  into  being  for  the  first  time  just  now.  If  they  inhere 
in  the  text,  by  what  literary  artifice  did  the  redactor,  this  redactor  whose  capacity,  spirit,  and 
methods  have  already  been  characterized,  succeed  so  well  in  covering  them  up  ?  The  current 
theory,  in  one  of  its  earlier  stages  went  literally  to  pieces  by  pushing  to  an  extreme  the 
hypothesis  of  fragments.  Is  there  here,  possibly,  a  near  approach  to  a  like  catastrophe  ? 
Somebody,  surely,  has  blundered  egregiously.  We  have  Genesis  in  its  present  form.  We 
know  clearly  enough  what  its  author  meant  to  teach.  The  value  of  such  teaching  cannot  be 
belittled  by  naming  it  "traditional."  Before  rejecting  the  "  tradition,"  that  is,  the  Biblical 
narrative  of  Genesis  in  its  present  form,  as  false,  one  should  be  sure  that  the  product  of  the 
theory  which  it  is  proposed  to  substitute  for  it  is  true;  or,  at  least,  less  false.  The  almost 
indescribable  confusion  of  thought  and  appalling  waste  of  material  necessitated  by  the  current 
analysis,  suggests,  on  its  face,  the  likelihood  of  an  incorrect  method.  It  is,  in  fact,  a  redudio 
ad  absurdtim. '  Our  critics  would  hardly  confess  that  they  start  with  the  premise  that  the  his- 
torical matter  of  Genesis  is  practically  valueless;  quite  the  contrary.  Their  conclusion,  how- 
ever, comes  to  that,  and  is  consequently  absurd.  A  conclusion  which  requires  the  falsity  of 
one's  premise  is,  in  logic,  impossible. 

As  preliminary  to  a  more  detailed  examination  of  the  reasoning  from  supposed  variant 
accounts  the  following  questions  are  in  point :  Does  any  one  of  the  supposed  documents,  liy 
itself,  offer  a  fairly  complete  and  self-consistent  history  of  events  ?  If  not.  are  the  gaps  which 
need  to  be  conjecturally  filled  the  exception  or  are  they  the  rule  ?  To  what  extent,  if  at  all, 
does  the  analysis  seem  to  be  made  for  the  purpose  of  getting  material,  or  under  the  stress  of 
needing  material  for  presupposed  documents,  rather  than  on  the  ground  that  actual  documents 
appear  and  demand  recognition  ?  ^  The  matter,  in  general,  as  it  lies  before  us  outside  the 
alleged  main  sources  (P,  J,  E,)  —  how  much  is  there  of  it?  Why  just  these  divisions?  If 
the  redactor  counts  as  two,   one  when  he  agrees,   and   another  when  he  disagrees  with  our 


>  A  newspaper  tells  us  of  a  fanner  in  one  of  our  Western  states  who,  a  year  since,  started  a  man  out  on  the  range 
\vith  a  tioclc  of  sheep.  Kecently  he  received  the  following  from  him  ;  "  If  you  want  me  to  remain  here  any  longer,  you'll 
have  to  get  another  tlock  of  sheep:  them's  all  gone." 

2  Here  the  method  of  procedure  in  connection  with  the  life  of  Abraham  is  instructive.  To  bridge  over  disconnected 
material  in  chapters  11-17.  sis  verses  ami  parts  of  three  others  need  to  be  rent,  severally,  from  their  natural  context  in  J 
and  referred  to  P  (13:  41-,  5;  Vi:  6,  11',  12";  16:  1".  3,  l.'i.  16).  Note  the  same  process  in  the  life  of  Joseph  {chapter  37 
throughout,  etc.),  a  single  verse  being  once  divided  autong  four  sources  (37:  2). 


INTRODUCTION.  xi 

critics,  what  is  to  be  said  of  J  and  E  when  found  apart  and  when  found  together  ?  What  is 
to  be  thought  of  this  entire  extraneous  matter,  in  short,  as  it  affects  the  theory  ?  Is  it  here 
because  the  theory  requires  it  ?  If  so,  liow  can  so  much  scaffolding  be  justified  for  what 
proves,  in  the  end,  to  be  so  small  a  building  ? 

Such  inquiries,  however,  result  as  they  may,  do  not  excuse  one  from  a  candid  examina- 
tion of  the  argument  before  us  in  detail.  It  must  suffice  here  to  do  this  in  two  conspicuous 
cases:  the  narrative  of  the  Creation  and  that  of  the  Flood.  There  are  by  admission  no 
examples  of  the  theory  whicli  are  more  favorable  to  it.  The  supposition  is,  as  has  been  stated, 
that  2:  4''-23  is  a  duplicate  of  1-2:  4'.  But  it  will  be  observed  that  the  second  passage  pro- 
fesses, by  its  proper  title  (2:  4"),  to  be  a  sequel  to  the  first;  to  supplement,  rather  than  duplicate 
it.  ("These  are  the  generations"  etc.)  By  uniform  usage  in  Genesis  (5:1;  6:9,  etc.)  these 
words  refer  to  descent,  not  to  origin;  that  is,  they  call  attention  here  to  the  matter  which 
follows  as  being  of  the  nature  of  a  consequent  to  what  precedes.  Our  critics  are  obliged, 
accordingly,  in  order  to  adjust  the  facts  to  tlicir  theory,  contrary  to  usage,  to  connect  these 
worde  with  the  P  document  which  precedes,  and  to  suppose  that,  originally,  they  stood  at 
the  beginning  of  chapter  1,  where,  if  used  in  their  ordinary  meaning,  they  would  make  non- 
sense. It  will  be  observed,  further,  that,  as  matter  of  fact  —  the  reader  is  to  decide  for  him- 
self whether  this  is  not  the  case  —  the  contents  of  chapter  2  do  supplement  and  complete  those 
of  chapter  1.  It  cannot  be  maintained,  as  asserted,  that  chapter  2,  in  opposition  to  chapter  1, 
presents  a  different  order  of  the  first  creation  of  plants  and  animals.  In  harmony  with  Ilebrew 
style,  it  rather  takes  up  and  expands  a  matter  of  prime  importance  previously  introduced. 

It  is  the  creation  and  destiny  of  man  which  is  the  goal  in  both  chapters;  though  the 
point  of  view  is  different.  Let  the  account  of  man's  creation  in  1 :  27  be  compared  with  its 
fuller  explanation  and  expansion  in  2:  20-25.  How,  indeed,  could  the  contents  of  chapter  3 
be  understood  without  just  the  link  which  chapter  2  supplies  ?  What  need  have  we  of  sup- 
posing tliat  the  order  of  presentation  in  chapter  2  (man,  vegetables,  animals,  woman)  is  intended 
to  be  chronological  ?  May  it  not  just  as  well,  may  it  not  far  better,  on  every  ground,  be  due 
to  a  natural  association  of  ideas  ?  That  this  is  the  correct  view  is  directly  confirmed  by  the 
fact  that  what  is  said  of  vegetation  in  chapter  3  has  a  local  coloring  simply ;  relates  to  the 
products  of  the  garden  in  which  man  was  placed.  While  the  animal  creation  is  introduced, 
apparently,  in  order  to  add  the  new  fact  that  they  were  brought  to  man  to  be  named.  Over 
against  such  an  entirely  natural  explanation  of  the  plienoniena  involved,  is  it  likely,  is  it 
reasonable  or  even  credible,  that  two  different  accounts  of  the  creation,  which  in  so  many 
essential  particulars  would  flatly  contradict  one  another,  were  placed  side  by  side  on  the  open- 
ing pages  of  the  Bible  ? 

In  the  narrative  of  the  flood,  the  critical  method,  in  general,  may  be  more  fully  illus- 
trated. At  its  beginning  a  bit  of  supposed  extraneous  matter  is  found  (J*).  Why  is  it  so 
regarded  ?  Is  it  not  because  it  will  not  adjust  itself  to  the  plan  of  division  proposed  ?  It  is 
claimed  that  it  ignores  the  flood,  although  ostensibly  an  introduction  to  it;  and  that  it  limits 
human  life,  thereafter,  to  120  years.  Here  then  is  an  example  of  what  is  spoken  of  by  Volk, 
where  the  "  acuteness  of  the  supposed  redactor  stands  in  absolutely  antipodal  relations  to  the 
cleverness  of  the  critics."  But  suppose  that  the  120  years,  as  the  context  requires,  refer  to  the 
respite  to  be  given  to  that  generation  he/ore  the  coming  of  the  flood !  It  would,  to  be  sure, 
necessitate  a  chronological  reference  in  .J  which  is  contrary  to  a  common  presupposition;  but 
it  would  also  shield  the  responsible  author  of  Genesis  from  the  charge  of  self-stultification. 
Moreover,  if  this  scrap  cannot  be  worked  into  the  present  scheme  of  documents,  it  does  fur- 
nish an  important  link  in  the  literary  unity  of  Genesis.  It  provides,  in  fact,  just  the  ethical 
basis  which  we  might  expect  for  the  universality  of  the  flood.  Chapters  4  and  5  tell  us  of  the 
moral  degeneracy  of  Cain's  descendants  only.  Here  it  is  shown  that  the  same  was  true  of 
Seth's.  In  other  words,  there  is  good  and  sufficient  reason  for  being  satisfied  with  the  present 
form  of  the  text. 

As  it  respects  the  narrative  which  follows,  it  is  claimed,  as  we  have  already  intimated, 
that  two  entirely  distinct  accounts  are  —  not  blended  together,  but — imbedded,  built  in,  as 
distinct  blocks  and  capable  of  being  still  easily  separated  from  one  another.  Attention  must 
again  be  called  to  so  remarkable  a  literary  phenomenon.  Two  flood  stories,  originating, 
according  to  the  theory,  hundreds  of  years  apart,  and  literally  swarming  with  difierences  and 
contradictions,  some  of  which  we  have  indicated,  when  brought  together  by  an  editor  with- 
out essential  change,  are  found  to  fit  one  another,  like  so  many  serrated  blocks,  and  to  form, 
united,  a  consecutive  history  whose  unity,  with  constant  use  for  millenniums,  has  been  undis- 
puted till  our  day.  Is  this  coincidence,  or  is  it  miracle  ?  But  let  us  take  a  closer  look.  We 
shall  find  no  loosely  joined,  independent  sections,  but  mutually  dependent  parts  of  one  whole. 
An  occasional  overlapping  of  ideas,  a  repetition  for  emphasis,  or  enlargement,  in  complete 
harmony  with  Hebrew  style,  there  undoubtedly  is.  But  there  is  also  a  marked  logical  inter- 
dependence and  sequence  of  thought  wholly  inconsistent  with  the  theory  proposed. 


xii  INTBODUCriON. 

Let  the  reader  test,  what  J's  story  would  be  alone.  Beginning  it  has  none ;  no  preliminary 
announcement  of  the  catastrophe;  no  command  to  make  preparations;  no  report  of  Noah's 
attitude.  It  opens  abruptly,  but  seven  days  before  the  event,  with  an  order  to  Noah  to  enter 
the  ark.  The  word  has  the  article.  It  says  nothing  of  the  Ijreakiug  up  of  the  fountains  of 
the  great  deep,  but  only  reports  the  wholly  insufficient  forty  days  of  rain  (7:  13);  nothing  of 
the  stranding  of  the  ark  on  Ararat  (8:  4);  nor  of  the  disembarking  of  Noah  and  his  family  — 
a  truly  serious  omission  —  nor  of  the  covenant,  with  its  rainbow  symbol  (9:  13);  nor  of  the 
blessing  pronounced  upon  Noah  and  his  sons.  And  so  P's  story,  taken  by  itself,  would  be 
equally  incomplete.  It  has  no  warning  for  the  Patriarch  when  he  is  to  enter  the  ark ;  no 
reference  to  the  significant  closing  of  the  door;  the  descending  rain,  the  despatching  of  the 
birds  (8:  7-11);  tlie  removal  of  the  vessel's  covering;  to  Noah's  sacrifice  and  the  divine 
pleasure  in  it.  These  are  each  and  all  essential  elements  of  the  narrative.  They  are  only 
furnished  by  the  two  documents  as  combined.  Without  their  combination,  moreover,  the 
chronology  of  the  flood  on  which  such  con.stant  emphasis  is  laid,  is  in  total  confusion;  with 
it  there  is  an  orderly  succession  of  events,  not  only  hamionious  with  itself,  but  a  priori 
reasonable. 

As  to  alleged  discrepancies  in  other  respects,  they  appear,  as  we  have  seen  to  be  true  in 
other  cases,  only  after  the  text  is  rent  asimder.  The  lighting  system  of  the  one  does  not 
exclude  the  one  window  of  the  other;  nor  the  covering  for  the  roof,  the  door  in  the  .side. 
Without  the  door  for  which  one  document  alone  is  made  responsible,  how  is  it  supposed  that 
the  occupants  of  the  ark  got  in  and  out  of  it  ?  If  objects  are  thrown  out  of  their  due  per- 
spective, as  in  a  mirage,  it  need  surprise  no  one,  if  they  appear  distorted  and  grotesque. 

Let  there  be  noted,  especially,  the  ocular  proof  we  have  in  our  book  of  the  violence  done 
to  the  text  by  our  critics.  How,  for  example,  is  disagreement  in  the  chronology  shown  ? 
Only  by  what  is  known,  in  critical  parlance,  as  "cooking"  the  documents.  Look  at  7:  17, 
where  a  statement  on  this  subject  is  boldly  referred  to  P,  though  found  in  the  midst  of  J. 
The  same  is  true  of  vs.  2-4  and  of  8:  13.  So  at  7:  17,  why  is  the  expression  "forty  days" 
given  to  the  redactor,  and  the  whole  verse  thus  divided  among  thne  different  writers?  Simply 
for  these  reasons:  P  could  not  be  allowed  to  speak  of  these  forty  days,  because  it  would  not 
be  in  agreement  with  his  presupposed  chronology.  And  they  eould  not  be  given  to  .J  here,  to 
whom  they  would  naturally  belong,  since  the  statement  in  connection  with  which  it  is  found 
("the  flood  came  on  the  earth"),  would  show  that  J  knew  of  P's  cause  for  producing  the  flood 
(the  breaking  in  of  the  sea).  Hence,  these  wholly  unscientific  mann?uvrcs, /'(/wr  radiceil  chnnr/es 
heiiHj  made  in  the  text  on  this  one  stihject  of  the  chronohyi/,  ir/thiit  the  limits  of  tiro  chajiters.  It  is 
claimed,  again,  that  it  is  P,  the  Elohist  document,  which  represents  the  ark  as  having  a 
door;  but  you  will  observe  in  7:  16,  that  it  is  .lehovah  who  shuts  the  door  upon  the  Patriarch. 
It  is  claimed  that,  according  to  P,  the  animals  went  into  the  ark  by  twos,  male  and  female, 
while  according  to  J  they  went  in  by  sevens,  clean  animals;  but  noting  7:  3  and  7:  9  one 
will  perceive  that  J  knows  and  speaks  of  both  sorts,  and  can  only  be  made  ignorant  of  them 
through  two  changes  by  the  redactor. 

it  is  particularly  in  the  matter  of  language  and  style  that  resort  is  taken  to  this  illogical 
and  dangerous  means  of  text-mutilation.  There  are  certain  stylistic  peculiarities  of  one  or  the 
other  document,  it  is  claimed,  which  are  fixed  from  the  usage  of  previous  chapters.  But 
unfortunately  for  the  scheme,  they  appear  not  infrequently  in  the  wrong  place.  For  instance, 
the  expression  "male  and  female"  is  held  to  be  characteristic  of  P,  J  using  another  for  it. 
In  7:  3  and  9,  .1  uses  this  expression  twice,  and  our  critics  must  make  the  redactor  deny  it. 
The  oft-recurring  formula,  "both  man,  beast,  and  creeping  thing  and  fowl  of  the  air"  is 
found  in  the  first  chapter  of  Genesis  and  so  is  said  to  be  characteristic  of  P.  Here  J  has  it  in 
6:  7  and  7:  23,  and  the  redactor  is  called  in  to  square  the  document  to  the  theory.  In  6 :  7 
there  is  still  another  fact  not  shown  by  the  type.  A  Hebrew  word  meaning  create,  character- 
istic of  P,  is  used  in  J.  AVhy  is  it  left  unnoticed  ?  Apparently  because  it  is  thought  that  the 
redactor  has  already  been  given  all  the  responsibility  he  can  bear  in  a  single  verse,  i 

In  all  these  changes,  we  are  supposed  to  have  the  work  of  a  redactor.  How  is  it  possi- 
ble ?  What  motive  could  a  redactor  have  had  for  it  ?  It  is  claimed  by  our  critics  that  he  has 
left  the  principal  points  of  contrast  between  the  two  great  documents  from  which  he  compiled 
Cm  their  original  ruggedness.  The  principal  changes  made,  with  rare  exceptions,  are  of  single 
words,  detached  plirases,  verses  or  parts  of  venses  —  every  one  of  them  changes  in  what  was 
originally  homogeneous  matter  to  what  is  now  heterogeneous,  y';Y»m  what  teas  once  true,  from  the 
point  of  view  of  the  document,  to  what  is  now  false.  There  must  have  been  some  motive  on  his 
part.  " We  fail  to  find  an  adequate,  or  a  fairly  rational  one.  The  theory  is.  that  a  fabric  (if 
wool  has  been  openly  attached  to  one  of  cotton,  or  linen.  The  contrasted  material,  it  is  said, 
is  evident  enough,  and  even  the  very  line  of  junction.     The  person  who  joined  them  together 


*  The  same  thing  it*  true  of  this  word  in  :i:  -V*. 


INTROJ)  UCTION.  x  iii 

had  no  special  reason,  it  is  declared,  to  conceal  the  fact  of  composite  material;  indeed,  he 
could  not  from  really  discerning  eyes.  Still,  he  has  taken  out  here  and  there  a  fragment  of 
one,  and  inserted  it  plumply  in  the  midst  of  the  other.  Why  has  he  done  it  ?  Suppose  that 
one  have  before  him  the  material  for  a  statue  or  a  bust.  Part  of  it,  the  nucleus,  we  will  say, 
which  is  stone,  has  been  already  shaped  in  rough  outline,  and  is  to  be  used  as  it  is, 
unchanged.  Another  part,  one-si.\th,  we  will  suppose  (a  fair  proportion  for  the  redactor's 
matter  here),  is  plastic  material,  clay  or  plaster,  which  yields  readily  to  the  touch  and  can  be 
easily  manipulated.  Which  of  the  two  parts  is  it  that  most  conditions  the  problem  and  deter- 
mines the  result;  the  unchangeable  nucleus  or  the  plastic  clay?  Obviously  the  latter.  It  may 
be  made  to  transform  and  completely  misrepresent  the  other,  whatever  its  original  shape. 
Grant  to  our  critics  their  extraordinary  premises,  and  they  will  not  trouble  us  for  a  conclusion ; 
it  is  inevitable. 

But  we  are  not  dependent  here  on  counter  literary  criticism  and  evidence  in  rebuttal 
alone.  We  may  also  appeal  directly  to  contemporaneous  records.  There  was  another  story  of 
the  flood  preserved  in  ancient  Akkadia.  Nearly  700  years  B.  C.  there  reigned  in  Nineveh  a 
monarch  by  the  name  of  Ashurbanipal.  He  was  the  grandson  of  the  Biblical  Sennacherib. 
Being  a  man  of  literary  tastes,  as  well  as  a  warrior,  he  enriched  his  capital  with  treasures  of 
art  and  large  collections  of  ancient  documents.  Among  the  latter  was  a  copy  of  a  famous 
epic,  containing  in  the  11th  of  its  twelve  cantos,  a  full  account  of  the  flood,  as  current  among 
the  ancient  Akkadians.  This  copy,  Ashurbanipal's  scribes  transferred  to  tablets  of  clay 
directly  from  their  originals,  and  subsequently,  they  were  deposited  in  the  vaults  of  the  royal 
library  at  Nineveh.  The  date  of  the  originals,  it  is  generally  admitted,  cannot  be  far  from 
that  of  Abraham,  or  about  2000  B.  C.  A  few  years  ago  these  invaluable  tablets,  among  many 
others,  were  transported  to  England.  At  that  time  none  had  more  than  the  vaguest  notion  of 
their  contents.  In  1873,  however,  they  were  deciphered.  To-day  there  is  not  the  slightest 
doubt  among  scholars,  that  they  furnish,  from  a  polytheistic  point  of  view,  a  duplicate  narra- 
tive of  the  flood  of  Genesis,  chaps.  6-9.  Throughout,  they  follow  the  same  general  order  of 
topics  and  their  similarity  in  other  respects  is  remarkable. 

They  agree,  in  the  main,  as  it  respects  the  region  of  the  cataclysm;  definitely  in  stating 
that  the  warning  of  it  was  first  given  to  one  man;  that  it  was  to  be  a  flood;  that  it  was  on 
account  of  sin.  This  one  man  is  bidden  to  prepare  a  vessel,  whose  dimensions  and  other 
details  are  stated;  and  he  does  as  he  is  bidden.  The  object  of  the  vessel  is  said  to  be  to  save 
the  Akkadian  Noah,  and  others,  in  order  to  "preserve  the  seed  of  life."  The  flood  has  a 
second  announcement  as  in  the  Bible.  The  hero  embarks  with  relatives  and  the  beasts  of  the 
field.  The  door  of  the  vessel  is  shut,  and  the  flood  appears  as  announced.  It  is  caused  liy 
rain  and  the  convulsions  of  nature.  Mankind  is  destroyed.  The  duration  of  the  flood  is 
given.  This  other  Noah,  like  the  Biblical,  ojiens  a  window.  The  ship  strands  in  Armenia. 
Birds  are  sent  out  after  seven  days.  The  occujiants  of  the  ship  disembark  ;  a  sacrifice  is  offered 
to  the  gods,  who  are  pleased  with  the  odor;  and  (as  the  text  is  generally  read),  a  rainbow  ap- 
pears in  the  sky,  and  a  promise  is  made  that  the  world  shall  not  again  be  so  destroyed.  At 
the  end,  the  man  and  his  wife  are  blessed  by  Bel.  We  have  given  the  events  in  the  order 
they  are  recorded  in  the  Akkadian  account. 

Without  entering  into  details,  which  are  here  impracticable,  it  is  clear  that  the  bearing  of 
this  account  on  the  unity  of  the  Biblical  is  direct.  After  a  careful  examination,  we  are  unable  to 
see  why  it  is  not  prima  fiicie,  and  really  conclusive,  evidence  against  the  position  of  our  critics. 
The  Babylonian  tablets  contain,  in  the  form  of  a  continuous  narrative,  the  more  prominent  facts 
of  both  the  alleged  Elohistic  and  Jevohistic  sections  of  Genesis,  and  presents  them  mainly  in  the 
Biblical  order,  as  one  can  plainly  see.  That  is  to  say,  several  hundred  years  before  the  era  of 
Moses,  the  principal  contents  of  the  Biblical  narrative  of  the  flood  were  current  in  ancient 
Akkadia,  the  general  region  from  which,  and  at  about  the  time  when,  Abraham  set  out,  at 
God's  command,  to  find  a  home  in  Canaan.  How  improbable,  then,  on  its  face,  the  theory 
that  in  Genesis  we  have  two  essentially  different  and  discordant  accounts,  originating  hundreds 
of  years  apart  and  united  together  at  the  period  of  the  exile,  B.  C.  444 !  Our  critics  have  made 
but  a  feeble  effort  to  meet  this  argument.  It  is  to  be  said,  that,  in  general,  they  look  askance 
at  the  testimony  of  the  monuments.  They  do,  however,  say  that  while  the  cuneiform  account 
of  the  flood  largely  agrees  with  the  Biblical,  it  is  only  when  the  text  is  separated  into  its  two 
documents  as  they  would  separate  it.  With  the  best  will,  and  after  a  careful  search,  we  fail 
to  find  one  particular  in  which  the  Babylonian  story  differs  from  the  combined  accounts  where 
it  does  not  differ  to  the  same  extent  precisely  from  the  individual  accounts.  If  it  be  meant, 
and  this  is  probably  what  is  meant,  th.at  the  Akkadian  account  fails  to  harmonize  discrepancies 
in  the  Biblical  narrative  found  after  it  is  divided  by  our  critics,  then  we  have  another  case  of 
"begging  the  question."  The  discrepancies,  as  we  have  seen,  are  simply  the  fruit  of  the 
division. 

It  is  enough  for  present  purposes,  that  this  highly  providential  and  universally  accredited 


xiv  INTUODUVTION. 

witness,  speaking  to  us  from  tlie  liome  and  the  age  of  the  patriarch  Abraham,  testifies:  fl),  to 
the  contemporaneousness,  then  and  there,  of  the  alleged  two  aceoiuits  of  the  dekige  found  in 
the  Bible;  and  (2),  to  the  fact  that,  at  that  time  and  place,  they  were  found  alnady  coniliined 
in  one  account  as  they  are  now,  and  as  far  as  we  know,  have  always  Ijeen.  The  suliordinaic 
matter, whether  the  Biltle  narrative  antedates  the  Akkadian,  and  their  mutual  relations  in  other 
respects,  depend,  largely  on  one's  \imnt  of  view.  He  who  believes  that  tiod  revealed  himself 
to  primitive  man  as  one  God,  as  the  Bible  tells  us,  will  be  likely  to  see  in  the  Akkadian  story 
a  polytheistic  corruption  of  an  original  monotheistic  account,  and  as  such,  strongly  confirma- 
tory of  the  historicity  of  Genesis. 

Sucli  now,  in  brief  survey,  is  the  kind  of  reasoning  ado])ted  by  the  advocates  of  the  com- 
mon theory  of  Pentateuchal  analysis ;  and  in  some  such  way  as  we  have  suggested,  it  may  be  fairly 
tested.  It  would  have  been  far  more  congenial  to  the  present  writer  to  engage  in  Biblical  studies 
more  apparently  practical,  and  more  directly  constructive.  But  he  had  no  option,  nor 
has  any  other  conscientious  student,  while  this  obtrusive  theory  holds  the  field.  He  must 
be  loyal  to  the  motto  of  our  title-page.  It  is  no  less  scientific,  than  it  is  Biblical,  in  its  spirit. 
Besides,  in  the  end,  could  anything  be  more  truly  practical  or  constructive,  than  to  proceed 
to  find  out,  by  word  for  word  examination,  whether  the  scheme  of  Pentateuchal  analysis  now 
in  vogue  can  be  scientifically  defended?  This  very  method,  if  faithfully  ])ursued,  will  result 
in  something  more  than  negative  conclusions.  It  reaches  far  beyond  the  limits  which  our 
critics  have  set  for  themselves.  It  will,  in  fact,  determine  as  far  as  any  literary  criticism  can, 
whether  any  other  theory  of  the  origin  and  com])osition  of  the  Pentateuch  needs  to  l)e  substi- 
tuted for  the  so-called  traditional  one.  And  if  it  shall  appear,  as  to  us  seems  probable,  that 
not  only  were  original  sources  used  in  the  composition  of  Genesis,  but  that  their  limits,  w  ith 
some  degree  of  probability,  may  be  pointed  out,  the  result  will  be  neither  singular  nor  unwel- 
come. In  the  meantime,  let  the  freest  and  fullest  criticism  of  the  Scriptures,  high  and  low.  be 
encouraged  so  far  as  it  is  serious,  inductive  not  only  in  name  but  in  fact,  and  thoroughly  fair. 

The  present  crying  need  has  been  well  expressed  by  Professor  Robertson :  ''It  is  of  a 
criticism  that  shall  start  by  admitting  that  the  writer  possessed  ordinary  intelligence,  and 
knows  fairly  well  what  he  is  writing  about;  that  shall  then  interpret  his  words  in  a  fair  and 
common-sense  fashion,  and  be  bold  enough,  when  necessary,  to  confess  its  own  ignorance.  .  . 
The  critical  theory  is  fast  becoming  '  traditional,'  and  is  being  accepted  by  multitudes  on  no 
better  grounds  than  those  on  which  the  former  view  became  traditional.  It  is  now  high  time 
to  apply  skepticism  to  the  prevailing  theory,  so  that  the  strength  or  weakness  of  its  founda- 
tions may  be  made  manifest."'  

'  Ibid.,  p.  viii. 
Habtfokd,  in  May,  1893. 


GENESIS    IN    COLORS. 


Cxv) 


EXPLANATION  OF  COLORS,  Etc. 


Matter  in  this  color  belongs  to  P. 

Matter  in  this  color  belongs  to  J. 

Matter  in  this  color  belongs  to  the  Redactor. 

Matter  in  this  color  belongs  to  J'. 

Matter  in  this  color  is  found  oi  | 

Matter  in  this  color  belongs  to  JE. 
Matter  in  this  color  belongs  to  E. 

Matter  tlius  underlined  represents  a  gloss. 

\ 

In  order  to  know  from  the  English  when  the  word   Elohim   and  ' 

Jehovah   are   found   in   the   Hebrew,    attention   should   be  given   to   the 
foot-notes    as    on   pp.    2,    14,  etc.,   as   also   to   the   rules   adopted  by  the  i 

Revisers    and    printed    in   the    Preface    to    the   Revised  edition   of    the  | 

English  Bible.  i 


THE  FIRST  BOOK   OF  MOSES,   COMMONLY  CALLED 


GENESIS. 


1  In  the  beginning  God  created  the 
heaven  and  the  earth.  (2)  And  the  earth 
was  waste  and  void ;  and  darkness  was 
upon  the  face  of  the  deep  :  and  the  spirit 
of  God  'moved  upon  the  face  of  the 
waters.  (3)  And  God  said,  Let  there  be 
light :  and  there  was  light.  (4)  And  God 
saw  the  light,  that  it  was  good :  and  God 
divided  the  light  from  the  darkness.  (.5) 
And  God  called  the  light  Day,  and  the 
darkness  he  called  Night.  And  there  was 
evening  and  there  was  morning,  one  day. 

(6)  And  God  *iid,  Let  there  be  a 
^firmament  in  the  midst  of  the  waters, 
and  let  it  divide  the  waters  from  the 
waters.  (7)  And  God  made  the  firma- 
ment, and  divided  the  waters  which  were 
under  the  firmament  from  the  waters  which 
were  above  tlie  firmament :  and  it  was  so. 
(8)  And  God  called  the  firmament  Heav- 
en. And  there  was  evening  and  there  was 
morning,  a  second  day. 

(9)  And  God  said,  Let  the  waters  imder 
the  heaven  be  gathered  together  unto  one 
place,  and  let  the  dry  land  ai)pear :  and  it 
was  so.  (10)  And  God  called  the  dry 
land  Earth ;  and  the  gathering  together 
of  the  waters  called  he  Seas :  and  God 
saw  that  it  was  good.  (11)  And  God  said. 
Let  the  earth  put  forth  grass,  herb  yield- 
ing seed,  and  fruit  tree  bearing  fruit  after 
its  kind,  wherein  is  the  seed  thereof,  upon 
the  earth  :  and  it  was  so.      (12)  And  the 


earth  brought  forth  grass,  herb  yielding 
seed  after  its  kind,  and  tree  bearing  fruit, 
wherein  is  the  seed  thereof,  after  its  kind  : 
and  God  saw  that  it  was  good.  (13)  And 
there  was  evening  and  there  was  morning, 
a  third  day. 

(14)  And  God  said,  Let  there  be  lights 
in  the  firmament  of  the  heaven  to  divide 
the  day  from  the  night ;  and  let  them  be 
for  signs,  and  for  seasons,  and  for  days 
and  years  :  (15)  and  let  them  be  for  lights 
in  the  firmament  of  the  heaven  to  give 
liglit  upon  the  earth :  and  it  was  so.  (16) 
And  God  made  the  two  great  lights ;  the 
greater  light  to  rule  the  day.  and  the  lesser 
light  to  rule  the  niglit :  he  made  the  stars 
also.  (17)  And  God  set  them  in  the  fir- 
mament of  the  heaven  to  give  light  uiK)n 
the  earth,  (18)  and  to  rule  over  the  day 
and  over  the  night,  and  to  divide  the  light 
from  the  darkness :  and  God  saw  that  it 
was  good.  (19)  And  there  was  evening 
and  there  was  morning,  a  fourth  day. 

(20)  And  God  said.  Let  the  waters 
^  bring  forth  abundantly  the  moving  crea- 
ture that  hath  life,  and  let  fowl  fly  above 
the  earth  *  in  the  open  firmament  of  heav- 
en. (21)  And  God  created  the  great  sea- 
monsters,  and  every  living  creature  that 
moveth,  which  the  waters  brought  forth 
abundantly,  after  their  kinds,  and  eveiy 
winged  fowl  after  its  kind  :  and  G<xl  saw 
that  it  was  good.     (22)  And  God  blessed 


*  Or,  was  brooding  upon.       2  Heb.  expanse, 
face  of  the  expanse  of  the  heaven. 


3  Heb.  sioarm  with  swarms  of  lining  creatures.       *  Heb.  on  the 


GENESIS. 


them,  saying,  Be  'fruitful,  and  multiply, 
and  fill  the  waters  in  the  seas,  and  let  fowl 
multiply  in  the  earth.  (23)  And  there 
was  evening  and  there  was  morning,  a  fifth 
day. 

(24)  And  God  said.  Let  the  earth  bring 
forth  the  living  creature  after  its  kind, 
cattle,  and  creeping  thing,  and  beast  of 
the  earth  after  its  kind :  and  it  was  so. 
(25)  And  God  made  the  beast  of  the  earth 
after  its  kind,  and  the  cattle  after  thinr 
kind,  and  every  thing  that  creepeth  upon 
the  ground  after  its  kind :  and  God  saw 
that  it  was  good.  (26)  And  God  said. 
Let  us  make  man  in  our  image,  after  our 
likeness :  and  let  them  have  dominion  over 
the  fish  of  the  sea,  and  over  the  fowl  of 
the  air,  and  over  the  cattle,  and  over  all 
the  earth,  and  over  every  creeping  thing 
that  creepeth  upon  the  earth.  (27)  And 
God  created  man  in  his  own  image,  in  the 
image  of  God  created  he  him ;  male  and 
female  created  he  them.  (28)  And  God 
blessed  them :  and  God  said  unto  them. 
Be  fruitful,  and  multiply,  and  replenish 
the  earth,  and  subdue  it ;  and  have  domin- 
ion over  the  fish  of  the  sea,  and  over  the 
fowl  of  the  air,  and  over  every  living  thing 
that'moveth  upon  the  earth.  (29)  And 
Grod  said,  Behold,  I  have  given  you  every 
herb  yielding  seed,  which  is  upon  the  face 
of  all  the  earth,  and  every  tree,  in  the 
which  is  the  fruit  of  a  tree  yielding  seed  ; 
to  you  it  shall  be  for  meat :  (30)  and  to 
every  beast  of  the  earth,  and  to  every 
fowl  of  the  air,  and  to  every  thing  that 
creepeth  upon  the  earth,  wherein  there  is 
'life,  /  have  given  every  green  herb  for 
meat :  and  it  was  so.  (31)  And  God  saw 
every  thing  that  he  had  made,  and,  behold, 
it  was  very  good.  And  there  was  evening 
and  there  was  morning,  the  sixth  day. 

2  And  the  heaven  and  the  earth  were 
finished,  and  all  the  host  of  them.  (2) 
And  on  the  seventh  day  God  finished  his 


work  which  he  had  made ;  and  he  rested 
on  the  seventh  day  f^om  all  his  work  which 
he  had  made.  (3)  And  God  blessed  the 
seventh  daj',  and  hallowed  it :  because 
that  in  it  he  rested  from  all  his  work  which 
God  had  created  and  made. 

(1)  These  are  the  generations  of  the 
heaven  and  of  the  earth  wiien  they  were 
created,  in  the  day  that  'the  Lord  <'"ii 
made  earth  and  heaven.  (5)  And  no 
plant  of  the  field  was  j-et  in  the  earth, 
and  no  herb  of  the  field  had  yet  sprung 
up:  for  the  Lord '■"  I  had  not  caused  it 
to  rain  upon  the  earth,  and  there  was  not 
a  man  to  till  the  ground;  (G)  but  there 
went  up  a  mist  from  the  earth,  and  wa- 
tered the  whole  face  of  the  ground.  (7) 
And  the  Lord  (iod  formed  man  of  the 
dust  of  the  ground,  and  breathed  into  his 
nostrils  the  breath  of  life  ;  and  man  be- 
came a  living  soul.  (8)  And  the  Lord 
( lod  planted  a  garden  eastward,  in  Eden  ; 
and  there  he  put  the  man  whom  he  had 
formed.  (9)  And  out  of  the  ground  made 
the  Lord  ( ■  "  i  to  grow  everj-  tree  that  is 
pleasant  to  the  sight,  and  good  for  food ; 
the  tree  of  life  also  in  the  midst  of  the 
garden,  and  the  tree  of  the  knowledge  of 
good  and  evil.  (10)  And  a  river  went 
out  of  Eden  to  water  the  garden ;  and 
from  thence  it  was  parted,  .and  became 
four  heads.  (11)  The  name  of  the  first 
is  Pishon  :  that  is  it  which  compasseth  the 
whole  land  of  Ilavilah,  where  there  is 
gold;  (12)  and  the  gold  of  that  land  is 
good :  there  is  bdellium  and  the  *  onyx 
stone.  (13)  And  the  name  of  the  second 
river  is  Gihon :  the  same  is  it  that  com- 
passeth the  whole  land  of  Cush.  (14) 
And  the  name  of  the  third  river  is  'Hid- 
dekel :  that  is  it  which  goeth  '  in  front  of 
Assyria.  And  the  fourth  river  is  Euphra- 
tes. (15)  And  the  Lord  i;  "1  took  the 
man,  and  put  him  into  the  garden  of  Eden 
to  dress  it  and  to  keep  it.      (IG)  And  the 


'  Or,  creepeth.      >  Heb.  a  living  soul.      '  Heb  Jehomh,  as  la  other  places  where  Lord  is  put  in  capitals.      «  Or, 
beryl.        ^  That  is,  Tigris.        **  Or,  toward  the  east  of. 


GENESIS. 


Lord  "  i  commanded  the  man,  saying, 
Of  every  tree  of  the  garden  thou  mayest 
freely  eat :  (17)  but  of  the  tree  of  the 
knowledge  of  good  and  evil,  thou  shalt 
not  eat  of  it :  for  in  the  day  that  thou 
eatest  thereof  thou  shalt  surely  die. 

(18)  And  the  Lokd  '  ■"  i  said,  It  is  not 
good  that  the  man  should  be  alone  ;  1  will 
make  him  an  help 'meet  for  him.  (19) 
And  out  of  the  ground  the  Lord  (ioil 
formed  every  beast  of  the  field,  and  every 
fowl  of  the  air ;  and  brought  them  unto 
the  man  to  see  what  he  would  call  them  : 
and  whatsoever  the  man  called  every  liv- 
ing  creature,  that  was  the  name  thereof. 
(20)  And  the  man  gave  names  to  all  cattle, 
and  to  the  fowl  of  the  air,  and  to  ever\- 
beast  of  the  field  ;  but  for  -  man  there  was 
not  found  an  help  meet  for  him.  (21) 
And  the  Lord  <  led  caused  a  deep  sleep  to 
fall  upon  the  man,  and  he  slept ;  and  he 
took  oue  of  his  ribs,  and  closed  up  the  flesh 
instead  thereof :  (22)  and  the  rib,  which 
the  Lord  (li'd  had  taken  from  tlie  man, 
'made  he  a  woman,  and  brought  her  uuto 
the  man.  (23)  And  the  man  said.  This 
is  now  bone  of  my  bones,  and  flesh  of  my 
flesh :  she  shall  be  called  *  Woman,  be- 
cause she  was  taken  out  of  'Man.  (24) 
Therefore  shall  a  man  leave  his  father  and 
his  mother,  and  shall  cleave  unto  his  wife  : 
and  they  shall  be  one  flesh.  (25)  And 
they  were  both  naked,  the  man  and  his 
wife,  and  were  not  ashamed. 

3  Now  the  serpent  was  more  subtil  than 
any  beast  of  the  field  which  the  Lord  ( ^od 
had  made.  And  he  said  unto  the  woman. 
Yea,  hath  God  said,  Ye  shall  not  eat  of 
*auy  tree  of  the  garden?  (2)  And  the 
woman  said  unto  the  serpent,  Of  the  fruit 
of  the  trees  of  the  garden  we  maj'  eat : 
(3)  but  of  the  fruit  of  the  tree  which  is 
in  the  midst  of  the  garden,  God  hath  said, 
Ye  shall  not  eat  of  it,  neither  shall  ye 
touch  it,  lest  ye  die.    (4)  And  the  serpent 


said  unto  the  woman.  Ye  shall  not  surely 
die  :  (5)  for  God  doth  know  that  iu  the 
daj'  ye  eat  thereof,  then  your  eyes  shall  be 
opened,  and  ye  shall  be  as  'God,  knowing 
good  and  evil.  (G)  And  when  the  woman 
saw  that  the  tree  was  good  for  food,  and 
that  it  was  a  delight  to  the  eyes,  and  that 
the  tree  was  *to  be  desired  to  make  one 
wise,  she  took  of  the  fruit  thereof,  and 
did  eat ;  and  she  gave  also  unto  her  hus- 
band with  her,  and  he  did  eat.  (7)  And 
the  eyes  of  them  both  were  opened,  and 
they  knew  tliat  they  were  naked  ;  and  they 
sewed  fig  leaves  together,  and  made  them- 
selves'aprons.  (8)  And  they  heard  the 
'"  voice  of  the  Lord  ( ■ « "  1  walking  in  the  gar- 
den in  the  "  cool  of  the  da}' :  and  the  man 
and  his  wife  hid  themselves  from  the  pres- 
ence of  the  Lord  '""i  amongst  the  trees 
of  the  garden.  (9)  And  the  Lord  (iod 
called  unto  the  man,  and  said  unto  him. 
Where  art  thou?  (10)  And  he  said,  I 
heard  thy  "voice  in  the  garden,  and  I  was 
afraid,  because  I  was  naked  ;  and  I  hid 
mj'self.  (11)  And  he  said.  Who  told  thee 
that  thou  wast  naked?  Ilast  thou  eaten 
of  the  tree,  whereof  I  commanded  thee 
that  thou  shouldest  not  eat  ?  (12)  And  the 
man  said,  The  woman  whom  thou  gavest 
to  be  with  me,  she  gave  me  of  the  tree, 
and  I  did  eat.  (13)  And  the  Lord  Ood 
said  unto  the  woman,  AVhat  is  this  thou 
hast  done?  And  the  woman  said.  The 
serpent  beguiled  me,  and  I  did  eat.  (14) 
And  the  Lord  Cud  said  unto  the  serpent, 
Because  thou  hast  done  this,  cursed  art 
thou  "-above  all  cattle,  and  '^ above  every 
beast  of  the  field ;  upon  thy  belly  shalt 
thou  go,  and  dust  shalt  thou  eat  all  the 
days  of  thy  life:  (15)  and  I  will  put 
enmity  between  thee  and  the  woman,  and 
between  thj-  seed  and  her  seed :  it  shall 
'^ bruise  thy  head,  and  thou  shalt  "bruise 
his  heel.  (16)  Unto  the  woman  he  said, 
I  will  greatly  multiply  thy  sorrow  and  thy 


*  Or,  answering  to.        ^  Or,  Adam.        ^  Heb.  builded 
trees.        7  Or,  gods.        *  Or,  desii-able  to  look  upon, 
from  amottg.        ^  Or,  tie  in  wait  for. 


he  into.        *  Heb.  Isshah.        «  Heb.  Ish.        "  Or,  all  the 
'  Or,  girdles.       '»  Or,  sound.       "  Heb.  wind.       "  Or, 


GENESIS. 


fouception  ;  iu  sorrow  thou  shalt  briug 
forth  children  ;  and  thy  desire  shall  be  to 
thy  husband,  and  he  shall  rule  over  thee. 
(17)  And  unto  Adam  he  said,  Because 
thou  hast  hearkened  unto  the  voice  of  thy 
wife,  and  hast  eaten  of  the  tree,  of  which 
1  commanded  thee,  sajing,  Thou  shalt  not 
eat  of  it :  cursed  is  the  ground  for  thj- 
sake ;  in  '  toil  shalt  thou  eat  of  it  all  the 
days  of  thy  life;  (18)  thorns  also  and 
thistles  shall  it  bring  forth  to  thee  ;  and 
thou  shalt  eat  the  herb  of  the  field  ;  (19) 
in  the  sweat  of  thy  face  shalt  thou  eat 
bread,  till  thou  return  unto  the  ground  ; 
for  out  of  it  wast  thou  taken  :  for  dust 
thou  art,  and  unto  dust  shalt  thou  return. 
(20)  And  the  man  called  his  wife's  name 
-Eve  ;  because  she  was  the  mother  of  all 
living.  (21)  And  the  Lord  "'od  made 
for  Adam  and  for  his  wife  coats  of  skins, 
and  clothed  them. 

(22)  And  the  Lord  i  ■  ii  said,  Behold, 
the  man  is  become  as  one  of  us,  to  know 
good  and  evil ;  and  now,  lest  he  put  forth 
his  hand,  and  take  also  of  the  tree  of  life, 
and  eat,  and  live  for  ever  :  (23)  therefore 
the  LordC,  1  sent  him  forth  from  the 
garden  of  Eden,  to  till  the  ground  from 
whence  he  was  taken.  (24)  So  he  drove 
out  the  man  ;  and  he  placed  at  the  east  of 
the  garden  of  Eden  the  Cherubim,  and  the 
flame  of  a  sword  which  turned  every  way, 
to  keep  the  wa^-  of  the  tree  of  life. 

4  And  the  man  knew  Eve  his  wife  ;  and 
she  conceived,  and  bare  Cain,  and  said,  I 
have  ^gotten  a  man  with  the  help  of  the 
Lord.  (2)  And  again  she  bare  his  brother 
Abel.  And  Abel  was  a  keeper  of  sheep, 
but  Cain  was  a  tiller  of  the  ground.  (3) 
And  in  process  of  time  it  came  to  pass, 
that  Cain  brought  of  the  f  rait  of  the  ground 
an  offering  unto  the  Lord.  (4)  And 
Abel,  he  also  brought  of  the  firstlings  of 
his  flock  and  of  the  fat  thereof.     And  the 


Lord  had  respect  unto  Abel  and  to  his 
offering :  (o)  but  unto  Cain  and  to  his 
offering  he  had  not  respect.  And  Cain 
was  very  wroth,  and  his  countenance  fell. 
(G)  And  the  Lord  said  unto  Cain,  Whj' 
art  thou  wroth?  and  why  is  thj'  counte- 
nance fallen?  (7)  If  thou  doest  well, 
■*  shalt  thou  not  be  accepted  ?  and  if  thou 
doest  not  well,  sin  coucheth  at  the  door: 
and  unto  thee  "^ shall  be  his  desire,  and  thou 
shalt  rule  over  him.  (8)  And  Cain  "told 
Abel  his  brother.  And  it  came  to  pass, 
when  they  were  in  the  field,  that  Cain  rose 
up  against  Abel  his  brother,  and  slew  him. 
(9)  And  the  Lord  said  unto  Cain,  "Where 
is  Abel  thy  brother?  And  he  said,  I  know 
not:  am  I  my  brother's  keeper?  (10) 
And  he  said,  "What  hast  thou  done?  the 
voice  of  thy  brother's  blood  crieth  unto 
me  from  the  ground.  (11)  And  now 
cursed  art  thou  from  the  ground,  which 
hath  opened  her  mouth  to  receive  thy 
brother's  blood  from  thy  hand  ;  (12)  when 
thou  tillest  the  ground,  it  shall  not  hence- 
forth yield  unto  thee  her  strength  ;  a  fugi- 
tive and  a  wanderer  shalt  thou  be  in  the 
earth.  (13)  And  Cain  said  unto  the  Lord, 
'  My  punishment  is  greater  '  than  I  can 
bear.  (14)  Behold,  thou  hast  driven  me 
out  this  day  from  the  face  of  the  ground  ; 
and  from  thy  face  shall  I  be  hid ;  and  I 
shall  be  a  fugitive  and  a  wanderer  iu  the 
earth ;  and  it  shall  come  to  pass,  that 
whosoever  findeth  me  shall  slay  me.  (15) 
And  the  Lord  said  unto  him.  Therefore 
whosoever  slayeth  Cain,  vengeance  shall 
be  taken  on  him  sevenfold.  And  the  Lord 
appointed  a  sign  for  Cain,  lest  any  finding 
him  should  smite  him. 

(IG)  And  Cain  went  out  from  the  pres- 
eqce  of  the  Lord,  and  dwelt  iu  the  land 
of  "Nod,  "on  the  cast  of  Eden.  (17) 
And  Cain  knew  his  wife ;  and  she  con- 
cci^-fn].  and   bare  Enoch  •   and   hi'  builih'd 


'  Or,  sorrow.  '  Heb.  ITantah,  that  is.  Living,  or,  Life.  '  Hcb.  kanah,  to  get.  <  Or,  shall  it  not  be  li/lea 
upf  »  Or,  !"«  its  desire,  hut  thnu  shouldest  rule  orer  it.  '  Heb.  said  unto.  Many  ancient  authorities  have,  said, 
unto  Abel  his  brother.  Let  us  go  into  the  Jield.  '  Or,  Mine  iniquity.  '  Or,  thuu  can  be  forgiven.  »  That  is. 
Wandering.         ^"  Or,  in  /rout  oj'. 


GENESIS. 


a  city,  and  called  the  name  of  the  city, 
after  the  name  of  his  son,  Enoch.  (18) 
And  unto  Enoch  was  born  Irad  :  and  Irad 
begat  Jlehujael :  and  Mehujael  begat  Me- 
thushael :  and  Methushael  begat  Lainech. 
(19)  And  Lamech  took  unto  him  two 
wives :  the  name  of  the  one  was  Adah, 
and  the  name  of  the  other  Zillah.  (20) 
And  Adah  bare  Jabal :  he  was  the  father 
of  such  as  dwell  in  tents  and  have  cattle. 
(21)  And  his  brother's  name  was  Jubal: 
he  was  the  father  of  all  such  as  handle 
the  harp  and  pipe.  (22)  And  Zillah,  she 
also  bare  Tubal-cain,  *  the  forger  of  every 
cutting  instriunent  of  -  brass  and  iron : 
and  the  sister  of  Tubal-cain  was  Naamah. 
(23)  And  Lamech  said  unto  his  wives  : 

Adah  and  Zillah,  hear  my  voice  ; 

Ye  wives  of  Lamech,  hearken  unto  my 
speech : 

For  '  I  have  slain  a  man  *  for  wounding 
me, 

And  a  youiig  man  for  bruising  me  : 

(24)  If  Cain  shall  be  avenged  seven- 
fold, 

Truly  Lamech  seventy  and  sevenfold. 

(25)  And  Adam  knew  his  wife  again ; 
and  she  bare  a  son,  and  called  his  name 
'  Seth  :  For,  said  she,  God  "  hath  appointed 
me  another  seed  instead  of  Abel ;  for  Cain 
slew  him.  (26)  And  to  Seth,  to  him  also 
there  was  born  a  son ;  and  he  called  his 
name  Enosh  :  then  began  men  to  call  upou 
the  name  of  the  Lord.  ] 

5  This  is  the  book  of  the  generations 
of  Adam.  In  the  daj-  that  God  created 
man,  in  the  likeness  of  God  made  he  him  ; 
(2)  male  and  female  created  he  them ; 
and  blessed  them,  and  called  their  name 
'Adam,  in  the  daj-  when  they  were  cre- 
ated. (3)  And  Adam  lived  an  hundred 
and  thirty  years,  and  begat  a  son  in  his 
own  likeness,  after  his  image  ;  and  called 
his  name  Seth :  (4)  and  the  days  of  Adam 
after  he  begat  Seth  were  eight  hundred 


years  :  and  he  begat  sons  and  daughters. 
(5)  And  all  the  days  that  Adam  lived 
were  nine  hundred  and  thirty  years:  and 
he  died. 

(6)  And  Seth  lived  an  hundred  and 
five  years,  and  begat  Enosh  :  (7)  and  Seth 
lived  after  he  begat  Enosh  eight  hundred 
and  seven  years,  and  begat  sons  and 
daughters :  (8)  and  all  the  days  of  Seth 
were  nine  hundred  and  twelve  years :  and 
he  died. 

(9)  And  Enosh  lived  ninety  years,  and 
begat  Kenan  :  (10)  and  Enosh  lived  after 
he  begat  Kenan  eight  hundred  and  fifteen 
years,  and  begat  sous  and  daughters : 
(11)  and  all  the  days  of  Enosh  were  nine 
hundred  and  five  years  :  and  he  died. 

(12)  And  Kenan  lived  seventy  years, 
and  Ijegat  Mahalalel:  (13)  and  Kenan 
lived  after  he  begat  Mahalalel  eight  hun- 
dred and  forty  years,  and  begat  sons  and 
daughters:  (14)  and  all  the  days  of 
Kenan  were  nine  hundred  and  ten  years : 
and  he  died. 

(15)  And  Mahalalel  lived  sixty  and  five 
years,  and  begat  Jared:  (16)  and  Maha- 
lalel lived  after  he  Ijegat  Jared  eight  hun- 
dred and  thirty  years,  and  begat  sons  and 
daughters:  (17)  and  all  the  days  of  Ma- 
halalel were  eight  hundred  ninety  and  five 
years  :  and  he  died. 

(18)  And  Jared  lived  an  hundred  sixty 
and  two  years,  and  begat  Enoch:  (19) 
and  Jared  lived  after  he  begat  Enoch 
eight  hundred  yeai-s,  and  Ijegat  sous  and 
daughters  :  (20)  and  all  the  days  of  Jared 
were  nine  hundred  sixty  and  two  years : 
and  he  died. 

(21)  And  Enoch  lived  sixty  and  five 
years,  and  begat  Methuselah:  (22)  and 
Enoch  walked  with  God  after  he  begat  Me- 
thuselah three  hundred  years,  and  Ijegat 
sons  and  daughters:  (23)  and  all  the 
days  of  Enoch  were  three  hundred  sixty 
and  five  years :   (24)  and  Enoch  walked 


1  Or,  an  instructor  of  every  artificer.       =  Or,  copper,  and  so  elsewhere.       '  Or,  /  will  siuy.       *  Or,  to  my  wound- 
ing,  and  a  young  man  to  my  hurt.        ^  Heb.  Sheth.        "^  Heb.  nhatk.        '  Or,  JIan. 


6 


GEXESIS. 


\^' 


with  God  :  and  he  was  not ;  for  God  took 
him. 

(25)  And  Methuselah  lived  an  hundred 
eiglity  and  seven  3-ears,  and  begat  La- 
mech :  (26)  and  Methuselah  lived  after 
he  begat  Lamech  seven  hundred  eighty 
and  two  years,  and  begat  sons  and  daugh- 
ters :  (27)  and  all  the  days  of  Methuselah 
were  nine  hundred  sixty  and  nine  years : 
and  he  died. 

(28)  And  Lamech  lived  an  hundred 
eighty  and  two  years,  and  ]>egat  a  son : 
(29)  and  he  called  his  name  Noah,  say- 
ing, This  same  shall  '  comfort  us  for  our 
work  and  for  the  toil  of  our  hands,  -  be- 
cause of  the  ground  which  the  Lord  hath 
cursed.  )  (30)  And  Lamech  lived  after  he 
begat  Noah  five  hundred  ninety  and  five 
years,  and  begat  sons  and  daughters: 
(31)  and  all  the  days  of  Lamech  were 
seven  hundred  seventy  and  seven  years : 
and  he  died. 

(32)  And  Noah  was  five  hundred  years 
old :  and  Noah  begat  Shem,  Ham,  and 
Japheth. 

(  6  And  it  came  to  pass,  when  men  be- 
gan to  multiply  on  the  face  of  the  ground, 
and  daughters  were  born  unto  them,  (2) 
tiiat  the  sons  of  God  saw  the  daughters 


of  men  that  they  were  fair ;  and  they  took 
them  wives  of  all  that  they  chose.  (3) 
And  the  Lord  said.  My  spirit  shall  not 
^  strive  with  man  for  ever,  ■*  for  that  he 
also  is  flesh :  '  yet  shall  his  days  be  an 
hundred  and  twenty  yeai-s.  (4)  The  "  Ne- 
philim  were  in  the  earth  in  those  days, 
and  also  after  that,  when  the  sous  of  God 
came  in  unto  the  daughters  of  men,  and 
they  bare  children  to  them  :  the  same  were 
the  mighty  men  which  were  of  old,  the 
men  of  renown.  (5)  And  the  Lord  saw 
that  the  wickedness  of  man  was  great  in 
the  earth,  and  that  every  imagination  of 
the  thoughts  of  his  heart  was  only  evil 
continually.    (6)  And  it  repented  the  Lord 


that  he  had  made  man  on  the  earth,  and 
it  grieved  him  at  his  heart.  (7)  And  the 
Lord  said,  I  will  '  destroy  man  whom  I 
have  created  from  the  face  of  the  ground  ; 
lioth  m:in,  and  lieast,  and  cifi'iiini:  thinL'. 
and  fowl  of  the  air  ;  for  it  repenteth  me 
that  I  have  made  them.  (8)  But  Noah 
found  grace  in  the  eyes  of  the  Lord. 

(9)  These  are  the  generations  of  Noah. 
Noah  was  a  righteous  mun,  and  'perfect 
in  his  generations  :  Noah  walked  with  God. 
(10)  And  Noah  begat  three  sons,  Shem, 
Ham,  and  Japheth.  (11)  And  the  earth 
was  corrupt  before  God,  and  the  earth  was 
tilled  with  violence.  (12)  And  God  saw 
the  earth,  and,  behold,  it  was  corrupt ;  for 
all  flesh  had  corrupted  his  way  upon  the 
earth. 

(13)  And  God  said  unto  Noah,  The  end 
of  all  flesh  is  come  before  me ;  for  the 
earth  is  filled  with  violence  through  them  ; 
and,  behold,  I  will  destroy  them  with  the 
earth.  (14)  Make  thee  an  ark  of  gopher 
wood  ;  ®  rooms  shalt  thou  make  in  the  ark, 
and  shalt  pitch  it  within  and  without  with 
pitch.  (15)  And  this  is  how  thou  shalt 
make  it :  the  length  of  the  ark  three  hun- 
dred cubits,  the  breadth  of  it  fifty  cubits, 
and  the  height  of  it  thirty  cubits.  (16) 
A  '°  light  shalt  thou  make  to  the  ark,  and 
to  a  cubit  shalt  thou  finish  it  "  upward  ; 
and  the  door  of  the  ark  shalt  thou  set  in 
the  side  thereof ;  with  lower,  second,  and 
third  stories  shalt  thou  make  it.  (17) 
And  I,  behold,  I  do  bring  the  flood  of 
waters  upon  the  earth,  to  destroy  all  flesh, 
wherein  is  the  breath  of  life,  from  under 
heaven ;  every  thing  that  is  in  the  earth 
shall  die.  (18)  But  I  will  establish  my 
covenant  with  thee  ;  and  thou  shalt  come 
into  the  ark,  thou,  and  thy  sons,  and  thy 
wife,  and  thy  sons'  wives  with  thee.  (19) 
And  of  every  living  thing  of  all  flesh,  two 
of  every  sort  shalt  thou  bring  into  the  ark, 


■  Heb.  Tialiem,  lo  comfort.       =  Or,  which  cometh/rom  tf,e  groumt.      '  Or,  rule  in.    Or  according  to  man>  aucient 
versions^,"" /'"  *  Or,  in  their  going  astra!/ the,/  are  Jle«h.        ^  Or,  therefore         '  Ot  gumt..    b«  Num.  :!ni. 

versions,  «,mfm  s'or,  W«m«ZfJ.        '  Heb.  nests.        "•  Or,  roo/.        "  Or. from  above. 


GENESIS. 


to  keep  them  alive  with  thee  ;  they  shall 
be  male  and  female.  (20)  Of  the  fowl 
after  their  kind,  and  of  the  cattle  after 
their  kind,  of  every  creeping  thing  of  the 
ground  after  its  kind,  two  of  every  sort 
shall  come  unto  thee,  to  keep  them  alive. 

(21)  And  take  thou  unto  thee  of  all  food 
that  is  eaten,  and  gather  it  to  thee ;  and 
it  shall  be  for  food  for  thee,  and  for  them. 

(22)  Thus  did  Noah  ;  according  to  all  that 
God  commanded  him,  so  did  he. 

7  And  the  Lord  said  unto  Noah,  Come 
thou  and  all  thy  house  into  the  ark  ;  for 
thee  have  I  seen  righteous  before  me  in 
this  generation.  (2)  Of  every  clean  beast 
thou  shall  take  to  thee  seven  and  seven, 
the  male  and  his  female  ;  and  of  the  beasts 
that  are  not  clean  two,  the  male  and  his 
female  ;  (3)  of  the  fowl  also  of  the  air, 
seven  and  seven,  male  and  female :  to 
keep  seed  alive  upon  the  face  of  all  the 
earth.  (4)  For  yet  seven  days,  aud  I 
will  cause  it  to  rain  upon  the  earth  forty 
days  and  forty  nights  ;  and  every  living 
thing  that  I  have  made  will  I  '  destroy 
from  off  the  face  of  the  ground.  (5)  And 
Noah  did  according  unto  all  that  the  Lord 
,  commanded  him. 

(6)  And  Noah  was  six  hundred  years 
old  when  the  flood  of  waters  was  uix>n  the 
earth.  (  (7)  And  Noah  went  in,  and  his 
sons,  and  his  wife,  and  his  sons'  wives 
with  him,  into  the  ark,  because  of  the 
waters  of  the  flood.  \_(8)  Of  clean  beasts, 
V,  and  of  beasts  that  are  not  clean,  and  of 
fowls,  and  of  every  thing  that  creepeth 
upon  the  ground,  (9)  there  went  in  two 
u^^-'aud  two  unto  Noah  into  the  ark,  mnlc  :in'l 
f('m:ilr.  as(,i.l  commanded  Noah.^  (10) 
And  it  came  to  pass  after  the  seven  days, 
that  the  waters  of  the  flood  were  upon  the 
earth.  (11)  In  the  six  hundredth  year  of 
Noah's  life,  in  the  second  month,*on  the 
seventeenth  day  of  the  month,  on  the  same 
day  were  all  the   fountains  of  the  great 


deep  broken  up,  and  the  windows  of 
heaven  were  opened.  '  (12)  And  the  rain 
was  upon  the  earth  forty  days  and  forty 
nights,  j  (13)  In  the  selfsame  day  entered 
Noah,  and  Shcm,  and  Ham,  and  Japheth, 
the  sons  of  Noah,  and  Noah's  wife,  and 
the  three  wives  of  his  sons  with  them,  into 
the  ark  ;  (14)  they,  and  every  beast  after 
its  kind,  and  all  the  cattle  after  their  kind, 
aud  every  creeping  thing  that  creepeth 
ujxm  the  earth  after  its  kind,  and  every 
fowl  after  its  kind,  every  bird  of  every 
"sort.  (15)  And  they  went  in  unto  Noah 
into  the  ark,  two  and  two  of  all  flesh 
wherein  is  the  breath  of  life.  (16)  And 
they  that  went  in,  went  in  male  and 
female  of  all  flesh,  as  God  commanded 
him  : 'aud  the  Lord  shut  him  in.  (17)  « 
Aud  the  flood  was  forty  days  upon  the  t  . 
earth  ;  /and  the  waters  increased,  and  bare  / 
up  the  ark,  and  it  was  lift  up  above  the 
earth. !  (18)  And  the  waters  prevailed, 
and  increased  greatly  upon  the  earth  ;  and 
the  ark  went  upon  the  face  of  the  waters. 
(19)  And  the  waters  prevailed  exceedingly 
upon  the  earth ;  and  all  the  high  moun- 
tains that  were  under  the  whole  heaven 
were  covered.  (20)  Fifteen  cubits  up- 
ward did  the  waters  prevail ;  and  the 
mountains  were  covered.  (21)  And  all 
flesh  died  that  moved  upon  the  earth,  both 
fowl,  and  cattle,  and  beast,  and  every 
*  creeping  thing  that  creepeth  upon  the 
earth,  and  every  man  :  [  (22)  all  in  whose 
nostrils  was  the  breath  of  the  spirit  of 
life,  of  all  that  was  in  the  dry  land,  died. 
(23)  *And  every  liviug  thing  was  ^de- 
stroyed which  was  upon  the  face  of  the 
ground,  both  raau,  ami  csittlc,  and  creep-  '^ 
ing  thing,  and  fowl  of  the  heaven ;  jand  J, 
tliey  were  ''  destroyed  from  tlie  cartliTland 
Noah  only  was  left,  and  they  that  were 
with  him  in  the  ark.j  (24)  And  the  waters 
prevailed  upon  the  earth  an  hundred  and 
flfly  days. 


*  Heb.  blot  out.       '  Heb.  wing.       ^  Or,  swarming  thing  thai  swarmetA.       *  Or,  And  he  destroyed  every  living 
thing.        0  Heb.  blotted  out. 


8 


GENESIS. 


i 


L,  8  And  God  remembered  Noah,  and 
every  living  thing,  and  all  the  cattle  that 
were  with  him  in  the  ark :  and  God  made 
a  wind  to  pass  over  the  earth,  and  the 
waters  assuaged  ;  (2)  the  fonntains  also 
of  the  deep  and  the  windows  of  heaven 
wore  st<)])pt'(l?]and  the  rain  from  heaven 
was  restrained ;  (3)  and  the  waters  re- 
turned from  off  the  earth  continually  1  and 
after  the  end  of  an  hundred  and  fifty  days 
the  waters  decreased.  (4)  And  the  ark 
rested  in  the  seventh  month,  on  the  sev- 
enteenth day  of  the  month,  upon  the 
mountains  of  Ararat.  (5)  And  the  wa- 
ters decreased  continually  until  the  tentl^ 
month:  in  the  tenth  month,  on  the  first 
day  of  the  month,  were  the  tops  of  the 
mountains  seen.  1(6)  And  it  came  to  pass 
at  the  end  of  fortyVlays,  that  Noah  opened 
the  window  of  the  ark  which  he  had  made  : 
(7)  and  he  sent  forth  a  raven,  and  it  went 
furtli  to  and  fro,  until  the  waters  were 
dried  u|)  from  off  the  earth.  (8)  And  he 
sent  forth  a  dove  from  him,  to  see  if  the 
waters  were  abated  from  off  the  face  of 
the  ground;  (9)  but  the  dove  found  no 
rest  for  the  sole  of  her  foot,  and  she  re- 
turned unto  him  to  the  ark,  for  the  waters 
were  on  the  face  of  the  whole  earth  :  and 
he  put  forth  his  hand,  and  took  her,  and 
brought  her  in  unto  him  into  the  ark. 
(10)  And  he  stayed  yet  other  seven  days  ; 
and  again  he  sent  forth  the  dove  out  of 
the  ark  ;  (11)  and  the  dove  came  in  to  him 
at  eventide;  and,  lo,  in  her  mouth  'an 
olive  leaf  pluckt  off :  so  Noah  knew  that 
the  waters  were  abated  from  off  the  earth. 
(12)  And  he  stayed  yet  other  seven  days  ; 
and  sent  forth  the  dove  ;  and  she  returned 
not  again  unto  him  any  more.^  (13)  And 
it  came  to  pass  in  the  six  hundred  and 
first  year,  in  the  first  month,  the  first  day 
of  the  month,  the  waters  were  dried  up 
from  off  the  earth  :  (and  Noah  removed 
the  covering  of  the  art,  and  looked,  and, 
behold,  the  face  of  the  ground  was  dried,  "i 


(14)  And  in  the  second  month,  on  the 
seven  and  twentieth  day  of  the  month, 
was  the  earth  dry. 

(15)  And  God  spake  unto  Noah,  saying, 
(16)  Go  forth  of  the  ark,  thou,  and  thy 
wife,  and  thy  sons,  and  thy  sons'  wives 
with  thee.  (17)  Bring  forth  with  thee 
every  living  thing  that  is  with  thee  of  all 
flesh,  both  fowl,  and  cattle,  and  every 
creeping  thing  that  creepcth  upon  the 
earth  ;  tiiat  they  may  breed  abundantly  in 
the  earth,  and  be  fruitful,  and  multiply 
upon  the  earth.  (18)  And  Noah  went 
forth,  and  his  sons,  and  his  wife,  and  his 
sons'  wives  with  him:  (19)  every  beast, 
every  creeping  thing,  and  every  fowl,  what- 
soever moveth  upon  the  earth,  after  their 
f.nniilies.  went  forth  nut  of  the  ark.  (  (20) 
And  Noah  builded  an  altar  unto  the 
Lord  ;  and  took  of  every  clean  beast,  and 
of  every  clean  fowl,  and  offered  burnt  of- 
ferings on  the  altar.  (21)  And  the  Lord 
smelled  the  sweet  savour ;  and  the  Lord 
said  in  his  heart,  I  will  not  again  curse 
the  ground  any  more  for  man's  '■'sake,  for 
that  the  imagination  of  man's  heart  is  evil 
from  his  youth  ;  neither  will  I  again  smite 
any  more  every  thing  living,  as  I  have 
done.  (22)  AVhile  the  earth  remaineth, 
seedtime  and  harvest,  and  cold  and  heat, 
and  summer  and  winter,  and  day  and 
night  shall  not  cease.]  9  And  God  blessed 
Noah  and  liis  sons,  and  said  unto  them, 
Be  fruitful,  and  multiply,  and  replenish 
the  earth.  (2)  And  the  fear  of  j'ou  and 
the  dread  of  you  shall  be  upon  every  beast 
of  the  earth,  and  upon  every  fowl  of  the 
air  ;  with  all  wherewith  the  ground  'teem- 
eth.  and  all  the  fishes  of  the  sea,  into  your 
hand  are  they  delivered.  (3)  Every  mov- 
ing thing  that  liveth  shall  be  food  for  you  ; 
as  the  green  herb  have  I  given  you  all. 

(4)  But  flesh  with  the  life  thereof,  ivhL-h 
is  the   blood  thereof,  shall   ye   not  eat. 

(5)  And  surely  your  blood,  the  blood  of 
your  lives,   will   T  require ;    at  the    hand 


Or,  a/rtsh  olive  tea/.        "  Or,  sake;  for  the.        »  Or,  creepeth. 


GENESIS. 


9 


of  every  boast  will  I  requiru  it:  aud  at  the 
hand  of  man,  even  at  the  hand  of  every 
man's  brother,  will  I  reciuirc  the  life  of 
man.  (G)  Whoso  sheddeth  man's  blood, 
by  man  shall  his  blood  be  shed  :  for  in  the 
image  of  God  made  he  man.  (7)  And 
you,  be  ye  fruitful,  and  multiply ;  bring 
foith  abundantly  in  the  earth,  aud  multiply 
therein. 

(8)  And  God  spake  unto  Noah,  aud  to 
his  sons  with  him,  sa3-ing,  (9)  Aud  I,  be- 
hold, I  establish  my  covenant  with  you, 
and  with  your  seed  after  you ;  (10)  aud 
with  every  living  creature  that  is  with 
you,  the  fowl,  the  cattle,  and  every  beast 
of  the  earth  with  you  ;  of  all  that  go  out 
of  the  ark,  even  every  beast  of  the  earth. 
(11)  And  I  will  establish  my  covenant 
with  you  ;  neither  shall  all  flesh  be  cut 
off  anj'  more  by  the  waters  of  the  flood ; 
neither  shall  there  any  more  be  a  flood  to 
destroy  the  earth.  (12)  And  God  said, 
This  is  the  token  of  the  covenant  which  I 
make  between  me  aud  you  and  every  liv- 
ing creature  that  is  with  you,  for  perpet- 
ual generations:  (13)  'I  do  set  my  bow 
in  the  cloud,  aud  it  shall  be  for  a  token 
of  a  covenant  between  me  and  the  earth. 
(14)  And  it  shall  come  to  pass,  when  I 
bring  a  cloud  over  the  earth,  that  the  bow 
shall  be  seeu  in  the  cloud,  (15)  and  I  will 
remember  my  covenant,  which  is  between 
me  and  you  and  every  liviug  creature  of 
all  flesh ;  and  the  waters  shall  no  more 
become  a  flood  to  destroy  all  flesh.  (IG) 
And  the  bow  shall  be  in  the  cloud ;  and  I 
will  look  upon  it,  that  I  may  remember 
the  everlasting  covenant  between  God  aud 
every  living  creature  of  all  flesh  that  is 
upou  the  earth.  (17)  And  God  said  unto 
Noah,  This  is  the  token  of  the  covenant 
which  I  have  established  between  me  and 

^all  flesh  that  is  upon  the  earth. 

'      /  (18)  And  the  sons  of  Noah,  that  went 

/•fAith  of  the  ark,  were  Shem,  and  Ham, 

\  ^  


and  Japhcth  :  and  Iluia  ,.^  ,,,n  father  of 
Canaan.  (19)  These  three  were  the  sons 
of  Noah :  and  of  these  was  the  whole 
earth  overspread. 

(20)  And  Noah  began  to  be  an  hua- 
bandman,  and  planted  a  viuej'ard :  (21) 
and  he  drank  of  the  wine,  and  was  drunk- 
en ;  and  he  was  uncovered  within  his  tent. 
(22)  And  Ham,  the  father  of  Canaan,  saw 
the  nakedness  of  his  father,  and  told  his 
two  brethren  without.  (23)  And  Shem 
and  Japheth  took  a  garment,  and  laid  it 
upon  both  their  shoulders,  and  went  back- 
ward, and  covered  the  nakedness  of  their 
father ;  and  their  faces  were  backward, 
and  they  saw  not  their  father's  nakedness. 
(24)  And  Noah  awoke  from  his  wine,  and 
knew  what  his  ''youngest  son  had  done 
unto  him.     (25)  And  he  said, 

Cursed  be  Canaan ; 

A  servant  of  servants  shall  he  be  unto 
his  brethren. 
(26)  And  he  said, 

Blessed  be  the  Lord,  the  God  of  Shem ; 

And  let  Canaan  be  *  his  servant. 

(27)  God  enlarge  Japheth, 

And  ^let  him  dwell  in  the  tents  of 

Shem ;  A 

And  let  Canaan  he  ^  his  servant. 

(28)  And  Noah  lived  after  the  flood 
three  hundred  and  fifty  years.  (29)  And 
all  the  days  of  Noah  were  nine  hundred 
and  fift^'  years  :  and  he  died. 

10  Now  these  are  the  generations  of 
the  sous  of  Noah,  Shem  Ham  aud  Ja- 
pheth :  (and  unto  them  were  sons  born 
after  the  flood.\ 

(2)  The  sou^  of  Japheth  ;  Gomer,  and 
Magog,  and  Madai,  and  Javau,  aud  Tubal, 
and  Meshech,  and  Tiras.  (3)  Aud  the 
sons  of  Gomer ;  Ashkenaz,  and  '  Riphath, 
and  Togarmah.  (4)  And  the  sons  of 
Javan ;  Elishah,  and  Tarshish,  Kittira, 
and  "  Dodauim.     (5)  Of  these  were  the 


'  Or,  I  have  set.       •  Or,  younger.       '  Or,  t/ieir. 

7.  Rodanim, 


«  Or,  Ae  shall.       «  In  1  Chr.  i.  6,  IKphath.       «  In  1  Chr.  1. 


10 


GENESIS. 


'  isles  of  the  nations  divided  in  their  lands 
every  one    after  his   tongue ;    after   their 
families,  in  their  nations. 

(6)  And  the  sons  of  Ham;  Cush,  and 
Mizraim,  and  Put,  and  Canaan.  (7)  And 
the  sons  of  Cush  ;  Seba,  and  Havilah,  and 
Sabtah,  and  Raamah,  and  Sabteea :  and 
the  sons  of  Raamah  ;  Sheba,  and  Dedan. 
r(8)  And  Cush  begat  Nimrod :  he  began 
I  to  be  a  mighty  one  in  the  earth.  (9)  He 
^  was  a  mighty  hunter  before  the  Lord  : 
wherefore  it  is  said,  Like  Nimrod  a  mighty 
hunter  before  the  Lohd.  (10)  And  the 
beginning  of  his  kingdom  was  Babel,  and 
Erech,  and  Accad,  and  Calneh,  in  the 
land  of  Shinar.  (11)  Out  of  that  laud 
^  he  went  forth  into  Assyria,  and  builded 
Nineveh,  and  Rehoboth-Ir,  and  Calah. 
(12)  and  Resen  between  Nineveh  aud 
Calah  (the  same  is  the  great  city).  (13) 
And  Mizraim  begat  Ludim,  aud  Anamim, 
and  Lehabim,  and  Naphtuhim,  (14)  aud 
Pathrusim,  and  Casluhira  (whence  went 
forth  ^  the  Philistines) ,  aud  Caphtorim. 

(15)  Aud  Canaan  begat  Zidou  his  first- 
born, and  Heth;  (16)  and  tlie  Jebusite, 
aud  the  Amorite,  and  the  Girgashite ; 
(17)  and  the  Hivite,  and  the  Arkite,  and 
the  Sinite ;  (18)  and  the  Arvaditc,  aud 
the  Zcmnrite,  aud  the  Ilaniathitc  :  and  af- 
terward were  the  families  of  the  Canaan- 
ite  spread  abroad.  (19)  Aud  the  border 
of  the  Canaauitc  was  from  Zidou,  as  thou 
goest  toward  Gerar,  unto  Gaza;  as' thou 
goest  toward  Sodom  and  Gomorrah  aud 
,  Admah  aud  Zeboiim,  unto  Lasha.)  (20) 
These  are  the  sons  of  Ham,  after  their 
families,  after  their  tongues,  in  their 
lauds,  in  their  nations. 
[  (21)  And  unto  Shem,  the  father  of  all 
the  children  of  Eber,  ''the  elder  brother 
of  Jai)heth,  to  him  also  were  children 
born.  (22)  The  sons  of  Shem  ;  Elam,  and 
Asshur,  and  Arpachshad,  and  Lud,  and 
Aram.    (23)  And  the  sons  of  Aram  ;  Uz, 


and  Hul,  and  Gether,  and  Mash.  /  (24)    \ 

And  Arpachshad  ''begat  Slulnli  :^  and 
Shelah  begat  Eber.  (25)  And  unto  Eber 
were  born  two  sons  :  the  name  of  the  one 
was  °  Peleg ;  for  in  his  days  was  the  earth 
divided  ;  and  his  brother's  name  was  Jok- 
tan.  (26)  Aud  Joktau  begat  Almodad, 
aud  Sheleph,  aud  Hazarmaveth,  and  ,Jc- 
rah ;  (27)  and  Hadoram,  and  Uzal,  aud 
Diklah;  (28)  aud  'Obal,  and  Abimael, 
aud  Sheba ;  (29)  and  Ophir,  and  Havi- 
lah, and  Jobab  :  all  these  were  the  sons 
of  Joktau.  (30)  And  their  dwelling  was 
from  Mesha,  as  thou  goest  toward  Sephar, 
the  *  mountain  of  the  east.)  (31)  These__i 
are  the  sons  of  Shem,  after  their  families, 
after  their  tongues,  in  their  lands,  after 
their  nations.  ■ 

(32)  These  are  the  families  of  the  eons 
of  Noah,  after  their  generations,  in  their 
nations :  and  of  these  were  the  nations 
divided  in  the  earth  after  the  flood. 

11  Aud  the  whole  eartli  was  of  one  \ 
■'  hmguage  aud  of  one  '"speech.  (2)  And  \]. 
it  came  to  pass,  as  they  journeyed  "east, 
that  they  found  a  plain  in  the  land  of 
Shinar;  and  they  dwelt  there.  (3)  And 
they  said  one  to  another.  Go  to,  let  us 
make  brick,  and  burn  them  throughly. 
And  tliey  had  brick  for  stone,  and  '-slime 
had  they  for  mortar.  (4)  And  the}'  said, 
Go  to,  let  us  build  us  a  city,  and  a  tower, 
whose  top  may  reach  unto  heaveu,  and 
let  us  make  us  a  name ;  lest  we  be  scat- 
teied  abroad  upon  the  face  of  the  whole 
eartli.  (5)  And  the  Lord  came  down  to  see 
the  cit}'  and  the  tower,  which  the  children 
of  men  builded.  (6)  And  the  Lord  said. 
Behold,  they  are  one  people,  aud  they 
have  all  one  language ;  aud  this  is  what 
they  begin  to  do :  and  now  notliing  will 
be  withholden  from  them,  which  tliey  pur- 
pose to  do.  (7)  Go  to,  let  us  go  down, 
and  there  confound  their  language,  that 
they  may  not  underatand   one   another's 


*  Or,  coast-l(ijtff.t.  2  Or,  went  forth  A/i/ifiur.  ^  lU'b.  PetiHhtim.  *  Or,  the  brother  of  Japheth  the  etder. 
c  The  Sept.  rendu,  begat  Cninaiiy  and  Cainan  begat  Shelah.  "  That  ta.  Division.  ^  Id  1  Chr.  i.  22,  Ebat.  <*  Or, 
hill  country.        '•*  llcb.  lip.        *°  Heb.  words.        ''  Or,  ^7^  the  east.        '^  That  is,  bitumen. 


GENESIS. 


11 


speech.  (8)  .So  the  Lord  scattered  them 
abroad  from  thence  upon  the  face  of  all 
the  earth :  and  they  left  off  to  build,  the 
city.  (9)  Therefore  was  the  name  of  it 
called  Babel ;  because  the  Lord  did  there 
*  confound  the  language  of  all  the  earth  : 
and  from  thence  did  the  Lord  scatter 
them  abroad  upon  the  face  of  all  the 
earth. 

(10)  These  are  the  generations  of  Shoni. 
Shem  was  an  hundred  years  old,  and  be- 
gat Arpachshad  two  years  after  the  flood  : 
(11)  and  Shem  lived  after  he  begat  Ar- 
pachshad five  hundred  years,  and  begat 
sons  and  daughters. 

(12)  And  Arpachshad  lived  five  and 
thirty  years,  and  l)egat  Shelah  :  (13)  and 
Arpachshad  lived  after  he  begat  .Shelah 
four  hundred  and  three  years,  and  liegat 
sons  and  daughters. 

(14)  And  Shelah  lived  thirtj-  years,  and 
begat  Eber:  (15)  and  Shelah  lived  after 
he  begat  Eber  four  hundred  and  three 
years,  and  begat  sons  and  daughters. 

(16)  And  Eber  lived  four  and  thirty 
years,  and  begat  Peleg :  (17)  and  Eber 
lived  after  he  begat  Peleg  four  hundred 
and  thirty  j'ears,  and  begat  sons  and 
daughters. 

(18)  And  Peleg  lived  thirty  years,  and 
begat  Reu  :  (19)  and  Peleg  lived  after  he 
begat  Reu  two  hundred  and  nine  years, 
and  begat  sons  and  daughters. 

(20)  And  Reu  lived  two  and  thirty 
years,  and  begat  Serug :  (21)  and  Reu 
lived  after  he  begat  Serug  two  hundred 
and  seven  years,  and  begat  sons  and 
daughters. 

(22)  And  Serug  lived  thirty  years,  and 
begat  Nahor:  (23)  and  Serug  lived  after 
he  begat  Nahor  two  hundred  years,  and 
begat  sons  and  daughters. 

(24)  And  Nahor  lived  nine  and  twenty 
years,  and  begat  Terah  :  (25)  aud  Nahor 
lived  after  he  begat  Terah  an  hundred  and 


nineteen  years,  and  begat  sons  and  daugh- 
ters. 

(26)  And  Terah   lived  seventy  years, 
and  begat  Abram,  Nahor,  and  Haran. 

(27)  Now  these  are  the  generations  of 
Terah.  Terah  begat  Abram,  Nahor,  and 
Haran  ;  and  Haran  begat  Lot.  /  (28)  And  1 
Haran  died  in  the  presence  of  his  father  ~*' 
Terah  in  the  laud  of  his  nativity,  in  Ur  of 
the  Chaldees.  (29)  And  Abram  and  Na- 
hor took  them  wives  :  the  name  of  Abram's 
wife  was  Sarai ;  aud  the  name  of  Nahor's 
wife,  Milcah,  the  daughter  of  Haran,  the 
father  of  Milcah,  and  the  father  of  Iscah. 
(30)  And  Sarai  was  barren  ;  she  had  no 
child.  (31)  And  Turali  took  Abram  his 
son,  and  Lot  the  son  of  Haran,  his  son's 
son.  and  Sarai  his  daughter  in  law,  his  son 
Abram's  wife :  and  they  went  forth  with 
them  from  L'r  of  the'  Chaldees,  to  go  into 
the  land  of  Canaan ;  and  they  came  unto 
Haran,  and  dwelt  there.  (32)  And  the 
days  of  Terah  were  two  hundred  and  five 
years  :  and  Terah  died  in  Haran. 

12  Now  the  Lord  said  unto  Abram,  Get  i 
thee  out  of  tli}-  country,  and  from  thy 
kindred,  and  from  thy  father's  house,  unto 
the  land  that  I  will  shew  thee :  (2)  and 
I  will  make  of  thee  a  great  nation,  and  I 
will  bless  thee,  and  make  thy  name  great ; 
and  be  thou  a  blessing :  (3)  and  I  will 
bless  them  that  bless  thee,  aud  him  that 
curseth  thee  will  I  curse  :  and  in  thee  shall 
all  the  families  of  the  earth  be  blessed. 
(4)  So  Abram  went,  as  the  Lord  had 
spoken  unto  him  ;  and  Lot  went  with  him : 
aud  Abram  was  seventy  and  five  years  old 
when  he  departed  out  of  Haran.  (5)  And 
Abram  took  Sarai  his  wife,  and  Lot  his 
brother's  son,  and  all  their  substance  that 
they  had  gathered,  aud  the  souls  that  they 
had  gotten  in  Haran ;  and  they  went  forth 
to  go  into  the  land  of  Canaan  ;  and  into 
the  land  of  Canaan  they  came.  (6)  Aud 
Abram  passed  through  the  land  unto  the 


Heb.  balal,  to  confound. 


12 


GENESIS. 


place  of  Shechein,  unto  the  '  oak  of  Moreh. 
And  the  Canaanite  was  then  in  the  land. 
(7)  And  the  Lord  appeared  unto  Abrarn, 
and  said,  Unto  thy  seed  will  I  give  this 
land  :  and  there  builded  he  an  altar  unto 
the  Loiii),  who  appeared  unto  him.  (8) 
And  he  removed  from  thence  unto  the 
mountain  on  the  east  of  Beth-el,  and 
pitched  his  tent,  having  Beth-el  on  the 
west,  and  Ai  on  the  east :  and  there  he 
builded  an  altar  unto  the  Lord,  and  called 
upon  the  name  of  the  Lord.  (9)  And 
Abram  journeyed,  going  on  still  toward 
the  '^  South. 

(10)  And   there   was  a  famine   in   the 


my  wife :  now  therefore  behold  thy  wife,    \ 
take    her,  and   go   thy   way.      (20)  And 
Pliaraoh  gave  men  charge  concerning  him  : 
and  they  brought  him  on  the  way,  and  his 
wife,  and  all  that  he  had. 

13  And  Abram  went  up  out  of  Egypt, 
he,  and  his  wife,  and  all  that  he  had,  I 
1,,  .1  ulii,  Imii.  into  the  South.  (2)  And 
Abram  was  very  rich  in  cattle,  in  silver, 
and  in  gold.  (3)  And  he  went  on  his 
journeys  from  the  South  even  to  Beth-el, 
unto  the  place  where  his  tent  had  been  at 
the  beginning,  between  Beth-cl  and  Ai ; 
(4)  unto  the  place  of  the  altar,  which  he 
had  made  there  at  the  first :    and  there 


land  :  and  Abram  went  down  into  Eg3-pt  |  Abram  called  on  the  name  of  the  Lord. 


to  sojourn  there  ;  for  the  famine  was  sore 
in  the  land.  (11)  And  it  came  to  pass, 
when  he  was  come  near  to  enter  into  Egypt, 
that  he  said  unto  Sarai  his  wife.  Behold 
now,  I  know  that  thou  art  a  fair  woman 
to  look  upon:  (12)  and  it  shall  come  to 
pass,  when  the  Egyptians  shall  see  thee, 
that  they  shall  say.  This  is  his  wife  :  and 
they  will  kill  me,  but  they  will  save  thee 
alive.  (13)  Say,  I  pray  thee,  thou  art 
my  sister :  that  it  may  be  well  with  me 
for  thy  sake,  and  that  my  soul  may  live 
because  of   thee.      (14)  And   it  came  to 


^^ 


(5)    And     Lot    also,    which     went    with 

Abram,  had  flocks,  and  herds,  and  tentSj I 

(0)  And  the  laud  was  not  able  to  bear 
them,  that  thej-  might  dwell  together  :  for 
their  substance  was  great, (so  that  they  ] 
could  not  dwell  together.  (7)  And  there  " 
was  a  strife  between  the  herdmen  of 
Abram 's  cattle  and  the  herdmen  of  Lot's 
cattle  :  and  the  Canaanite  and  the  Periz- 
zite  dwelled  then  in  the  land.  (8)  And 
Abram  said  unto  Lot,  Let  there  be  no 
strife,  I  pray  thee,  between  me  and  thee, 
and  between  my  herdmen  and  thy  herd- 


pass,  that,  when  Abram   was  come   into  j  men ;    for  we  are  brethren.      (9)   Is   not 


Egypt,  the  Egyptians  beheld  the  woman 
that  she  was  very  fair.  (15)  And  the 
princes  of  Pharaoh  saw  her,  and  praised 
her  to  Pharaoh  :  and  the  woman  was  taken 
into  Pharaoh's  house.  (16)  And  he  en- 
treated Abram  well  for  her  sake :  and  he 
had  sheep,  and  oxen,  and  he-asses,  and 
meuservants,  and  maidsen'ants,  and  she- 
asses,  and  camels.  (17)  And  the  Lord 
plagued  Pharaoh  and  his  house  with  great 
plagues  because  of  Sarai  Abram's  wife. 
(18)  And  Pharaoh  called  Abram,  and 
said,  AVhat  is  this  that  thou  hast  done 
unto  mc  ?  why  didst  thou  not  tell  me  that 
she  was  thy  wife?  (19)  "Why  saidst  thou, 
She  is  my  sister?  so  that  I  took  her  to  be 


the  whole  laud  before  thee?  separate  thy- 
self, I  pray  thee,,  from  me :  if  thou  wilt 
take  the  left  hand,  then  I  will  go  to  the 
right ;  or  if  thou  take  the  right  hand,  then 
I  will  go  to  the  left.      (10)  And  Lot  lifted 
up  his  eyes,  and  beheld  all  the  ^  Plain  of 
Jordan,  that   it  was  well  watered   every 
where,  before  the  Lord  destroyed  Sodom 
and   (iomorrah,    like    the   garden    of   the 
Lord,  like    the   land  of   Egyj^t,   as  thou 
goest  unto  Zoar.      (11)  So  Lot  chose  iiim 
all  the  Plaiu  of  Jordan  ;   and  Lot  jour-7N 
neyed   east  :|  and   they   separated   them- 
selves  the   one    from    the   other.       (12) 
Abram  dwelled   in    the  land  of   Canaan, 
md  Lot  dwelled  in  the  cities  of  the  Plain, 


'  Or,  lereOinl/i.        '  lleb.  Xegtb,  the  Boutheru  tract  of  Judah.        "  Or,  Circle. 


GENESIS. 


13 


and   moved   his    tent   as    far  as   Sodom. 

(13)  Now  the  men  of  Sodom  were  wicked 
and  sinners  against  the  Lord  exceedinglj-. 

(14)  And  the  Lord  said  unto  Abram, 
after  that  Lot  was  separated  from  him. 
Lift  up  now  thine  eyes,  and  look  from 
the  place  where  thou  art,  northward  and 
soiithward   and  eastward    and  westward : 

(15)  for  all  the  land  which  thou  seest,  to 
thee  will  I  give  it,  and  to  thy  seed  for 
ever.  (16)  And  I  will  make  thy  seed  as 
the  dust  of  the  earth  :  so  that  if  a  man 
can  number  the  dust  of  the  earth,  then 
shall  thy  seed  also  be  numbered.  (17) 
Arise,  walk  through  the  land  in  the  length 
of  it  and  in  the  breadth  of  it ;  for  unto 
thee  will  I  give  it.  (18)  And  Abram 
moved  his  tent,  and  came  and  dwelt  by 
the  'oaks  of  Mamre,  which  are  in  Hebron. 

/h  and  built  there  an  altar  unto  the  Lord. 


14 

Amrni 


war  with  Bera 
Birsha  king  of 
Acbuah,  an*!  '> 
and  the  ki 

('■ 

of      

(4)  Twelv. 

came  Chetl 


md  the  En: 

1      .1.  TT 


ey  return 
;  •       AC  same  io   i^. 
the  ■■'  c  Mill  try  of  the 
the  Aniorites,  that 
mar.     (8)  And  then. 


^r  king 


ao- 


kings  that 


■  m,  (6) 
ir,  unto 

-:.        (7> 


zun-ta- 
kingof 


.Sodom,  and  the  kinsf  of  Gomorrah,  aud 


I  asainst  the  five. 


And 

and 


odred  and 


he  brought  back  all  the  goods,  and  also 


(17)  And  the  king  of  Sodora  went  out  to 


were  with  him,  at  the  vale 


wine :  and  he  was 

.1.  /  1  Pi  \         <   ...1       K 


God 


hatli 


ruies  into  thv  hand. 


*  OVt  terebinths,        *  Or^natiouH.        ^  Or,  joineft  themselves  together  against.        *  Or,  the  plain  of  KiHathaim, 
«  Ueh.  field.        0  That  is,  bitumen  pita.        '  Or,  north.        '  Heb.  £t  £tyon.        »  Or,  maker. 


14 


GENESIS. 


id  Most 


louldestsay. 


11  went  wiih 


15  After  these  things  the  word  of  the 
Lord  came  unto  Abram  in  a  vision,  say- 
ing, Fear  not,  Abram :  1  am  thy  shield, 
^aticl  thy  exceeding  great  reward.  (2) 
And  Abram  said,  O  Lord  °  God,  what  wilt 
thou  give  me,  seeing  I  ^go  childless,  and 
he  that  shall  be  possessor  of  my  house  is 
'  Dammesek  Eliezer?  /(3)  And  Abram 
said,  Behold,  to  me  thou  hast  given  no 
seed  :  and,  lo,  one  boru  in  my  house  is 
mine  heir.  (4)  And,  behold,  the  word  of 
the  Lord  came  unto  him,  saying.  This 
man  shall  not  be  thine  heir ;  but  he  that 
shall  come  forth  out  of  thine  own  bowels 
'(2_ shall  be  thine  heir. ;  (5)  And  he  brought 
him  forth  abroad,  and  said,  Look  now  to- 
ward heaven,  and  tell  the  stars,  if  thou  be 
able  to  tell  them:  and  he  said  unto  him, 
I  So  shall  thy  seed  be.  /  (6)  And  he  beheved 
in  the  Lord  ;  and  he  counted  it  to  ^im  for 
righteousness.  (7)  And  he  said  unto  liini, 
!  .Mr  ihr  L(jKi)  that  brought  thee  out  of 
Ur  of  the  Chaldees,  to  give  thee  this  land 
to  inherit  it.  (8)  And  he  said,  O  Lord 
God,  whereby  shall  I  know  that  I  shall 
inherit  it?  (9)  And  he  said  unto  him. 
Take  me  an  heifer  of  three  years  old,  and 
a  she-goat  of  three  years  old,  and  a  ram 
of  three  yeare  old,  and  a  turtledove,  and 
a  young  pigeon.  (10)  And  he  took  him 
all  these,  and  divided  them  in  the  midst. 


and  laid  each  half  over  against  the  other : 
but  the  birds  divided  he  not.  (11)  And 
the  birds  of  prey  came  down  upon  the  car- 
cases, and  Abram  drove  them  away.  1 1  -) 
.Ami  whni  thr  .^uii  was  going  ilnwn.  a  deep 
sleep  fell  upon  Abram  ;  and,  lo,  an  horror 
of  great  darkness  fell  upon  him.  (13) 
And  he  said  unto  Abram,  Know  of  a  sure- 
ty that  thy  seed  shall  be  a  stranger  in  a 
land  that  is  not  theirs,  and  shall  serve 
them  ;  and  they  shall  afflict  them  four 
hundred  yeare  ;  (14)  and  also  that  nation, 
whom  they  shall  serve,  will  I  judge :  and 
afterward  shall  they  come  out  with  great 
substance.  (15)  But  thou  shalt  go  to  thy 
fathers  in  peace  ;  thou  shalt  be  buried  in  . 
a  good  old  age.  ]  (16)  And  in  the  fourth  \ 
generation  they  shall  come  hither  again  : 
for  the  iniquity  of  the  Amoritc  is  not  yet 
full.  (  (17)  And  it  came  to  pass,  that,,^ 
when  the  sun  went  down,  and  it  was  dark, 
behold  a  smoking  furnace,  and  a  flaming 
torch  that  passed  between  these  pieces. 
(18)  In  that  day  the  Lord  made  a  cove- 
nant with  Abram,  saj-ing.  Unto  thy  seed 
have  I  given  this  land,  from  the  river  of 
Egypt  unto  the  great  river,  the  river  Eu- 
phrates :)(!'.•)  the  Kenite,  and  the  Keii-,  r* 
iz/.ito,  and  the  Kadmonite,  (20)  and  the 
Hittite,  and  the  Perizzite,  and  the  Kepha- 
im,  (21)  and  the  Amorite,  and  the  Canaan- 
ite,  and  the  Girga.shite.  and  the  .Tebusite. 

16  Now  Sarai  Abram' s  wife  bare  him 
no  children  :  and  she  had  an  handmaid,  an 
Egyptian,  whose  name  was  Hagar.  (2) 
And  Sarai  said  unto  Abram,  Behold  now. 
the  Lord  hath  restrained  me  from  bear- 
ing ;  go  in,  I  pray  thee,  unto  my  hand- 
maid ;  it  may  be  that  I  shall  '  obtain 
children  by  her.  And  Abram  hearkened 
to  the  voice  of  Sarai.  i  (3)  And  Sarai  \ 
Abram's  wife  took  Hagar  the  Egyptian, 
her  handmaid,  after  Abram  had  dwelt  ten 
years  in  the  land  of  Canaan,  and  gave  her 
to  Abram  her  husband  to  be  his  wife.  I  (4)  4- 


■  Hel).  El  Klyon.  '  Or,  maker.  '  Or,  let  there  be  }iothinii  for  mc :  only  that  ,h 
be  eTceetling  qrent.  "  Heb.  Jehovah,  as  in  other  places  where  Oiin  is  put  in  capitals. 
Chaldee  and  ^yrlac  have,  Eliezer  the  Damascene.        '  Ueb.  be  builded  by  her. 


*  Or,  thy  reward  shall 
0  Or,  go  hence.        '  The 


GENESIS. 


15 


And  he  went  in  unto  Hagar,  and  she  con- 
ceived :  and  when  she  saw  that  slie  liad 
conceived,  her  mistress  was  despised  in  her 
,eyes.  (5)  And  Sarai  said  unto  Abram, 
My  wrong  be  upon  thee  :  I  gave  my  hand- 
maid into  thy  bosom  ;  and  when  she  saw 
that  she  had  conceived,  I  was  despised  in 
her  eyes  :  the  Lord  judge  between  me  and 
thee.  (G)  But  Abram  said  unto  Sarai, 
Behold,  thy  maid  is  in  thy  hand  ;  do  to 
her  that  whicli  is  good  in  thine  eyes. 
And  Sarai  dealt  hardly  with  her,  and  she 
fled  from  her  face.  (7)  And  the  angel 
of  the  Lord  found  her  by  a  fountain  of 
water  in  the  wilderness,  by  the  fountain  in 
the  way  to  Shur.  (^)  And  he  said,  lla-ar, 
Sarai's  handmaid,  whence  earnest  thou? 
and  whither  goest  thou?    And  she  said,  I 

^  flee  from  the  face  of  my  mistress  Sarai  J 
(9)  And  the  angel  of  the  Lord  said  unto 
her.  Return  to  thy  mistress,  and  submit 
thyself  under  her  hands.  (10)  And  the 
angel  of  the  Lord  said  unto  her,  1  will 
greatly  multiply  thy  seed,  that  it  shall  not 

J^he  numbered  for  multitude.  1(11)  And 
the  angel  of  the  Lord  said  unto  her,  Be- 
hold, thou  art  with  child,  and  shalt  bear  a 
son  ;  and  thou  shalt  call  his  name  '  Ish- 
mael,  because  the  Lord  hath  heard  thy 
aflSiction.  (12)  And  he  shall  be  as  a  wild- 
ass  among  men  ;  his  hand  sJiall  be  against 
every  man,  and  every  man's  hand  against 
him  ;  and  he  shall  dwell  '  in  the  presence 
of  all  his  brethren.  (13)  And  she  called 
the  name  of  the  Lord  that  spake  unto  her, 
'  Thou  art  *  a  God  that  seeth  :  for  she  said. 
Have  I  even  here  looked  after  him  that 
seeth  me?  (14)  Wherefore  the  well  was 
called  *  Beer-lahai-roi ;  behold,  it  is  be- 
1  tween  Kadesh  and  Bered.  (15)  And  Ha- 
gar bare  Abram  a  son  :  and  Abram  called 
the  name  of  his  son,  which  Hagar  bare, 
Ishmael.  (16)  And  Abram  was  fourscore 
and  six  years  old,  when  Hagar  bare  Ish- 
mael to  Abram. 


17  And  when  Abram  was  ninety  years 
old  and  nine,  the  Lord  appeared  to  Abram, 
and  said  unto  him,  I  am  "God  Almighty  ; 
walk  before  me,  and  be  thou  perfect.  (2) 
And  I  will  make  raj'  covenant  between  me 
and  thee,  and  will  multiply  thee  exceed- 
ingly. (3)  And  Abram  fell  on  his  face  : 
and  God  talked  with  him,  saying,  (4)  As 
for  me,  behold,  my  covenant  is  with  thee,  ■ 
and  thou  shalt  be  the  father  of  a  multitude 
of  nations.  (5)  Neither  shall  thy  name 
any  more  be  called  Abram,  but  thy  name 
shall  be  Abraham ;  for  the  father  of  a 
multitude  of  nations  have  I  made  thee. 
(6)  And  I  will  make  thee  exceeding  fruit- 
ful, and  I  will  make  nations  of  thee,  and 
kings  shall  come  out  of  thee.  (7)  And  I 
will  establish  my  covenant  between  me  and 
thee  and  thy  seed  after  thee  throughout 
their  generations  for  an  everlasting  cove- 
nant, to  be  a  God  unto  thee  and  to  thy 
seed  after  thee.  (8)  And  I  will  give  unto 
thee,  and  to  thy  seed  after  thee,  the  land 
of  thy  sojournings,  all  the  land  of  Canaan, 
for  an  everlasting  possession  ;  and  I  will* 
be  their  God.  (9)  And  God  said  unto 
Abraham,  And  as  for  thee,  thou  shalt  keep 
my  covenant,  thou,  and  thy  seed  after 
thee  throughout  their  generations.  (10) 
This  is  my  covenant,  which  ye  shall  keep, 
between  me  and  you  and  thy  seed  after 
thee  ;  every  male  among  you  shall  be  cir- 
cumcised. (11)  And  ye  shall  be  circum- 
cised in  the  flesh  of  your  foreskin  ;  and  it 
shall  be  a  token  of  a  covenant  betwixt  me 
and  you.  (12)  And  he  that  is  eight  days 
old  shall  be  circumcised  among  you,  every 
male  throughout  your  generations,  he  that 
is  born  in  the  house,  or  bought  with  money 
of  any  stranger,  which  is  not  of  thy  seed. 

(13)  He  that  is  born  in  thy  house,  and  he 
that  is  bought  with  thy  money,  must  needs 
be  circumcised  :  and  my  covenant  shall  be 
in  your  flesh  for  an  everlasting  covenant. 

(14)  And  the  uncircumcised  male  who  is 


^  That  ie,  God  heareth.        ^  Or,  orer  agaiyiftt.     Or,  to  the  east  of.        3  Or,  T/ioit  God  seest  me. 
thai  irf,  God  of  seeing.        ^  That  is,  The  well  of  the  lieing  one  who  seeth  me.        '^  Heb.  Et  Shaddal. 


«  Heb.  El  roi. 


16 


GENESIS. 


not  circunieisotl  in  the  llesli  of  his  foreskin 
that  soul  sliall  be  cut  off  from  his  people  ; 
he  hath  broken  my  covenaut. 

(15)  And  God  said  unto  Abraham,  As 
for  Sarai  thy  wife,  thou  shalt  not  call  her 
name  Sarai,  but '  Sarah  shall  her  name  be. 

(16)  And  I  will  bless  her,  and  moreover  I 
■will  give  thee  a  son  of  her :  yea,  I  will 
bless  her,  and  she  shall  be  a  mother  of 
nations  ;  kings  of  peoples  shall  be  of  her. 

(17)  Then  Abraham  fell  upon  his  face, 
and  laughed,  and  said  in  his  heart.  Shall 
a  child  be  born  unto  him  that  is  an  hun- 
dred j'ears  old?  and  shall  Sarah,  that  is 
ninety  years  old,  bear?  (18)  And  Abra- 
ham, said  unto  God,  Oh  that  Ishmael 
might  live  before  thee!  (19)  And  God 
said,  Nay,  but  Sarah  thy  wife  shall  bear 
thee  a  son ;  and  thou  shalt  call  his  name 
^ Isaac:  and  I  will  establish  my  covenant 
with  him  for  an  everlasting  covenant  for 
his  seed  after  him.  (20)  And  as  for  Ish 
mael  I  have  heard  thee :  behold,  I  have 
blessed  him,  and  will  make  him  fruitful, 
and  will  multiply  him  exceedingly  ;  twelve 
princes  shall  he  beget,  and  I  will  make 
him  a  great  nation.  (21)  But  my  cove- 
nant will  I  establish  with  Isaac,  which 
Sarah  shall  bear  unto  thee  at  this  set  time 
in  the  next  year.  (22)  And  he  left  off 
talking  with  him,  and  Gotl  went  up  from 
Abraham.  (23)  And  Abraham  took  Ish- 
mael his  son,  and  all  that  were  born  in  his 
house,  and  all  that  were  bought  with 
his  money,  every  male  among  the  men  of 
Abraham's  house,  and  circumcised  the 
flesh  of  their  foreskin  in  the  selfsame  da\', 
as  God  had  said  unto  him.  (24)  And 
Abraham  was  ninety  years  old  and  nine, 
when  he  was  circumcised  in  the  flesh  of 
his  foreskin.  (25)  And  Ishmael  his  son 
was  thirteen  years  old,  when  he  was  cir- 
cumcised in  the  flesh  of  his  foreskin.  (26) 
In  the  selfsame  day  was  Abraham  circum- 
cised, and  Ishmael  his  son.     (27)  And  all 


the  men  of  his  house,  those  ijurn  in  the 
house,  and  those  bought  with  money  of 
the  stranger,  were  circumcised  with  him. 
18  And  the  Lord  appeared  unto  him  by 
the  ^  oaks  of  Mamre,  as  he  sat  in  the  tent 
door  in  the  heat  of  the  day ;  (2)  and  he 
lift  up  his  eyes  and  looked,  and,  lo,  three 
men  stood  over  against  him  :  and  when  he 
saw  them,  he  ran  to  meet  them  fi'om  the 
tent  door,  and  bowed  himself  to  the  earth, 
(3)  and  said,  *  My  lord,  if  now  I  have 
found  favour  in  thy  sight,  pass  not  away, 
I  pray  thee,  from  thy  servant:  (4)  let 
now  a  little  water  be  fetched,  and  wash 
your  feet,  and  rest  yourselves  under  the 
tree :  (5)  and  I  will  fetch  a  morsel  of 
bread,  and  comfort  ye  your  heart ;  after 
that  ye  shall  pass  on  :  '"  forasmuch  as  yc 
are  come  to  your  servant.  And  they  said. 
So  do,  as  thou  hast  said.  (6)  And  Abra- 
ham hastened  into  the  tent  unto  Sarah, 
and  said,  Make  ready  quickly  three  meas- 
ures of  fine  meal,  knead  it,  and  make 
cakes.  (7)  And  Abraham  ran  unto  the 
herd,  and  fetched  a  calf  tender  and  good, 
and  gave  it  unto  the  servant ;  and  he 
hasted  to  dress  it.  (8)  And  he  took  but- 
ter, and  milk,  and  the  calf  which  he  had 
dressed,  aud  set  it  before  them  ;  and  he 
stood  by  them  under  the  tree,  and  they  did 
eat.  (tt)  And  they  said  unto  liira.  Where 
is  Sarah  thy  wife?  And  he  said,  Behold, 
iu  the  teut.  (10)  And  he  said,  I  will  cer- 
tainly return  unto  thee  when  the  season 
"  cometh  round  ;  and,  lo,  Sarah  thy  wife 
shall  have  a  son.  And  Sarah  heard  in  the 
tent  door,  which  was  behind  him.  (11) 
Now  Abraham  aud  Sarah  were  old,  and 
well  stricken  in  age  ;  it  had  ceased  to  be 
with  Sarah  after  the  manner  of  women. 
(12)  And  Sarah  laughed  within  herself, 
saying.  After  I  am  waxed  old  shall  I  have 
pleasure,  my  lord  being  old  also?  (13) 
And  the  Lord  said  unto  Aliraham,  Where- 
fore did  Sarah  laugh,  saying.  Shall  I  of  a 


1  That  18,  Prinresn.        '  From  the  Heb.  word  meaniDg  to  laugh, 
there/ore.        "^  Ueb.  liceth,  or,  recicelh. 


'  Or,  terebinths.       «  Or,  0  Lord.       =  Or, /or 


GENESIS. 


17 


surety  bear  a  child,  which  am  old?  (14) 
Is  auy  thing  too  '  hard  for  the  Lord  ?  At 
the  set  time  I  will  return  unto  thee,  when 
the  season  ^eometh  round,  and  Sarah  shall 
have  a  son.  (15)  Then  Sarah  denied, 
saying,  I  laughed  not ;  for  she  was  afraid. 
And  he  said,  Naj' ;  but  thou  didst  laugh. 
(16)  And  the  men  rose  up  from  thence, 
and  looked  toward  Sodom  :  and  Abraham 
went  with  them  to  bring  them  on  the  way. 
(17)  And  the  Lord  said,  Shall  I  hide  from 
Abraham  that  whicli  I  do;  (18)  seeing 
that  Abraham  shall  surely  become  a  great 
and  mighty  nation,  and  all.  the  nations  of 
the  earth  shall  be  blessed  iu  him?  (19) 
For  I  have  ^  known  him,  to  the  end  that 
he  may  command  his  children  and  his 
household  after  him,  that  they  may  keep 
the  way  of  the  Lord,  to  do  justice  and 
judgement ;  to  the  end  that  the  Lord  may 
bring  upon  Abraham  that  wliich  he  liath 
spoken  of  him.  (20)  And  the  Lord  said, 
*  Because  the  cry  of  Sodom  and  Gomorrah 
is  great,  and  ■*  because  their  sin  is  very 
grievous;  (21)  I  will  go  down  now,  and 
see  whether  thej'  have  done  altogether 
according  to  the  cry  of  it,  which  is  come 
unto  me  ;  and  if  not.  I  will  know.  (22) 
And  the  men  turned  from  thence,  and 
went  toward  Sodom  :  but  Abraham  stood 
yet  before  the  Lord.  (23)  And  Abraham 
drew  near,  and  said,  Wilt  thou  consume 
the  righteous  with  the  wicked?  (24)  Per- 
adventure  there  be  fift}'  righteous  within 
the  city  :  wilt  thou  consume  and  not  spare 
the  place  for  the  fifty  righteous  that  are 
therein?  (25)  That  be  far  from  thee  to 
do  after  this  manner,  to  slay  the  righteous 
with  the  wicked,  that  so  the  righteous 
should  be  as  the  wicked  ;  that  be  far  from 
thee  :  shall  not  the  Judge  of  all  the  earth 
do  right?  (26)  And  the  Lord  said,  If  I 
find  in  Sodom  fifty  righteous  within  the 
city,  then  I  will  spare  all  the  place  for 
their  sake.  (27)  And  Abraham  answered 
and  said,  Behold  now,  I  have  taken  upon 


me  to  speak  unto  the  Lord,  which  am  but 
dust  and  ashes  :  (28)  peradventure  there 
shall  lack  five  of  the  fifty  righteous  :  wilt 
thou  destroy  all  the  city  for  lack  of  five  ? 
And  he  said,  I  will  not  destroj-  it,  if  I  find 
there  forty  and  five.  (29)  And  he  spake 
unto  him  yet  again,  and  said,  Peradven- 
ture there  shall  be  forty  found  there.  And 
he  said,  I  will  not  do  it  for  the  forty's 
sake.  (30)  And  he  said,  Oh  let  not  the 
Lord  be  angry,  and  I  will  speak :  perad- 
venture there  shall  thirty  be  found  there. 
And  he  said,  I  will  not  do  it,  if  I  find 
thirty  there.  (31)  And  he  said.  Behold 
now,  I  have  taken  upon  me  to  speak  uuto 
the  Lord :  peradventure  there  shall  be 
twenty  found  there.  And  he  said,  I  will 
not  destroy  it  for  the  twenty's  sake.  (32) 
And  he  said,  Oh  let  not  the  Lord  be  angry, 
and  I  will  speak  yet  but  this  once  :  perad- 
venture ten  shall  be  found  there.  And  he 
said,  I  will  not  destroy  it  for  the  ten's 
sake.  (33)  And  the  Lord  went  his  way, 
as  soon  as  lie  had  left  communing  with 
Abraham :  and  Abraham  returned  uuto 
his  place. 

19  And  the  two  angels  came  to  Sodom 
at  even ;  and  Lot  sat  in  the  gate  of 
Sodom  :  and  Lot  saw  them,  and  rose  up 
to  meet  them  ;  and  he  bowed  himself  with 
his  face  to  the  earth  ;  (2)  and  he  said. 
Behold  now,  my  lords,  turn  aside,  I  pra}- 
you,  into  j-our  servant's  house,  and  tarry 
all  night,  and  wash  your  feet,  and  ye  shall 
rise  up  early,  and  go  on  your  way.  And 
the}'  said,  Naj' ;  but  we  will  abide  in  the 
street  all  night.  (3)  And  he  urged  them 
greatly  ;  and  they  turned  in  unto  him,  and 
entered  into  his  house  ;  and  he  made  them 
a  feast,  and  did  bake  unleavened  bread, 
and  they  did  eat.  (4)  But  before  thej' 
lay  down,  the  men  of  the  city,  even  the 
men    of    Sodom,    compassed    the    house 


round,  both  young  and  old,  all  the  people 
from  every  quarter;  (5)  and  they  called 
unto  Lot,  and  said  unto  him,  Where  are 


^  Or,  wondei'fut. 


Ileb.  ticet/i,  or,  revu'eth. 


See  AmuB  iii.  2.        *  Or,  Verily, 


18 


GENESIS. 


the  men  which  came  iu  to  thee  this  uight? 
bring  them  out  unto  us,  that  we  may  know 
tliem.  (G)  And  Lot  went  out  unto  them 
to  the  door,  and  shut  the  door  after  him. 
(7)  And  he  said,  I  pray  you,  my  bretliren, 
do  not  so  wickedly.  (8)  Beliold  now,  I 
have  two  daughters  which  have  not  known 
man  ;  let  me,  I  pray  you,  bring  them  out 
unto  you,  and  do  ye  to  them  as  is  good  in 
your  eyes  :  only  unto  these  men  do  noth- 
mg ;  '  forasmuch  as  they  are  come  under 
the  shadow  of  my  roof.  (9)  And  they 
said,  Stand  back.  And  they  said.  This 
one  fellow  came  in  to  sojourn,  and  he  w'ill 
needs  be  a  judge  :  now  will  we  deal  worse 
with  thee,  than  with  them.  And  they 
pressed  sore  upon  the  man,  even  Lot,  and 
drew  near  to  break  the  door.  (10)  But 
the  men  put  forth  their  hand,  and  brought 
Lot  into  the  house  to  them,  and  shut  to 
the  door.  (11)  And  they  smote  the  men 
that  were  .it  the  door  of  the  liouse  with 
bhndness,  Ijoth  small  and  great :  so  that 
they  wearied  themselves  to  find  the  door. 
(12)  And  the  men  said  unto  Lot,  Hast 
thou  here  any  besides?  son  in  law,  and 
thy  sons,  and  thy  daughters,  and  whomso- 
ever thou  hast  in  the  city  ;  bring  them  out 
of  the  place  :  (13)  for  we  will  destroy  this 
place,  because  the  cry  of  them  is  waxen 
great  before  the  Lord  ;  and  the  Lord 
hath  sent  us  to  destroy  it.  (14)  And  Lot 
went  out,  and  spake  uuto  his  sous  iu  law, 
which  -married  his  daughters,  and  said. 
Up,  get  you  out  of  this  place ;  for  the 
Lord  will  destroy  the  city.  But  he  seemed 
unto  his  sons  in  law  as  one  that  mocked. 
(15)  And  when  the  morning  arose,  then 
the  angels  hastened  Lot,  saying,  Arise, 
take  thy  wife,  and  thy  two  daughters 
which  are  here  ;  lest  thou  be  consumed  in 
the  "iniquity  of  the  city.  (16)  But  he 
lingered  ;  and  the  men  laid  hold  upon  his 
hand,  and  upon  the  hand  of  his  wife,  and 


Lord  being  merciful  unto  him  :  and  they 
brought  him  forth,  and  set  him  without  the 
city.  (17)  And  it  came  to  pass,  when  they 
liad  brought  them  forth  abroad,  that  he 
said,  Escape  for  thy  life  ;  look  not  behind 
thee,  neither  stay  thou  in  all  the  ^  Plain  ; 
escape  to  the  mountain,  lest  thou  be  con- 
sumed. (18)  And  Lot  said  unto  them, 
Oh,  not  so,  ''my  lord:  (19)  behold  now, 
thy  servant  hath  found  grace  in  thy  sight, 
and  thou  hast  magnified  thy  mercy,  which 
thou  hast  shewed  uuto  me  in  saving  my 
life  ;  and  I  cannot  escape  to  the  moun- 
tain, lest  *evil  overtake  me,  and  I  die: 
(20)  behold  now,  this  city  is  near  to  flee 
unto,  and  it  is  a  little  one :  Oh,  let  me 
escape  thither,  (is  it  not  a  little  one?)  and 
my  soul  shall  live.  (21 )  And  he  said  unto 
him.  See,  I  have  accepted  thee  concerning 
this  tiling  also,  that  I  will  not  overthrow 
the  city  of  which  thou  hast  spoken.  (22) 
Haste  thee,  escape  thither ,  for  I  cannot 
do  any  thing  till  thou  be  come  thither. 
Therefore  the  name  of  the  city  was  calleA 
'  Zoar.  (23)  The  sun  was  risen  upon  the 
earth  when  Lot  came  unto  Zoar.  (24) 
Then  the  Lord  rained  upon  Sodom  and 
upon  Gomorrah  iMimstoue  and  fire  from 
the  Lord  out  of  heaven ;  (25)  and  he 
overthrew  those  cities,  and  all  the  Plain, 
and  all  the  inhabitants  of  the  cities,  and 
that  which  grew  upon  the  ground.  (26) 
But  his  wife  looked  back  from  behind 
him,  and  she  became  a  pillar  of  salt. 
(27)  And  Abraham  gat  up  early  in  the 
morning  to  the  place  where  he  had  stood 
before  the  Lord  :  (28)  and  he  looked 
toward  Sodom  and  Gomorrah,  and  toward 
all  the  land  of  the  Plain,  and  beheld,  and, 
lo,  the  smoke  of  the  land  went  up  as  the  > 
smoke  of  a  furnace.  .__J 

(29)  And  it  came  to  pass,  when  God 
destroyed  the  cities  of  the  Plain,  that 
C,(h\  remembered  Abraham,  and  sent  Lot 


upon  the  hand  of  his  two  daughters  ;  the  lout  of  the  midst  of  the  overthrow,  when  ^ 


'  Or,  for  therefore.        *  Or,  were  to  marry, 
the  evil.        '  'I'hiit  id,  Little,  ver.  20.    See  ch.  xiv. 


'  Or, punishment.       «  See  ch.  xiii.  10.        "  Or,  0  Lord.        »  Or, 


GENESIS. 


19 


overthrew  the  cities  in  the  which  Lot 
dwelt. 

'  (30)  And  Lot  went  up  out  of  Zoar, 
and  dwelt  in  the  mountain,  and  his  two 
^^daughtcrs  with  him  ;  for  he  feared  to  dwell 
in  Zoar :  and  he  dwelt  in  a  cave,  he  and 
his  two  daughters.  (31)  And  the  first- 
born said  unto  the  youuger,  Our  father  is 
old,  and  thei'e  is  not  a  man  in  the  earth  to 
come  in  unto  us  after  the  manner  of  all  the 
earth:  (32)  come,  let  us  make  our  fa- 
ther drink  wine,  and  we  will  lie  with  him, 
that  we  may  preserve  seed  of  our  father. 

(33)  And  they  made  their  father  drink 
wine  that  night :  and  the  firstliom  went 
in,  and  laj'  with  her  father ;  and  be  knew 
not  when  she  lay  down,  nor  when  she  arose. 

(34)  And  it  came  to  pass  on  the  morrow, 
that  the  firstborn  said  unto  the  younger, 
Behold,  I  lay  yesternight  with  my  father  : 
let  us  make  him  drink  wine  this  night  also  ; 
and  go  thou  iu,  aiid  lie  with  him,  that  we 
may  preserve  seed  of  our  father.  (35) 
And  they  made  their  father  drink  wine 
that  night  also :  and  the  younger  arose, 
and  lay  with  him  ;  and  he  knew  not  when 
she  lay  down,  nor  when  she  arose.  (30) 
Thus  were  both  the  daughters  of  Lot  with 
child  by  their  father.  (37)  And  the  first- 
born bare  a  son,  and  called  his  name 
Moab  :  the  same  is  the  father  of  the  Moab- 
ites  unto  this  day.  (38)  And  the  younger, 
she  also  bare  a  son,  and  called  his  name 
Ben-ammi :  the  same  is  the  father  of  the 

A^  childreu  of  Amnion  uuto  this  day. 

20  And  Abraham  journeyed  from 
thence  toward  the  land  of  the  South,  and 
dwelt  between  Kadesh  and  Shur ;  and  he 
sojourned  in  Gerar.  (2)  And  Abr.iham 
said  of  Sarah  his  wife.  She  is  my  sister : 
and  Abimelech  king  of  Gerar  sent,  and 
took  Sarah.  (3)  But  God  came  to  Abim- 
elech in  a  dream  of  the  night,  and  said  to 
him.  Behold,  thou  art  but  a  dead  man,  be- 
cause of  the  woman  which  thou  hast  taken  ; 
for  she  is  a  man's  wife.  (4)  Now  Abim- 
elech had  not  come  near  her :  and  he  said, 


Lord,  wilt  thou  sla}'  even  a  righteous  ua- 
tion  ?  (5)  Said  he  not  himself  unto  me, 
She  is  my  sister?  and  she,  even  she  her- 
self said,  He  is  my  brother :  in  the  integ- 
rity of  my  heart  and  the  innoceucj'  of  my 
hands  have  I  done  this.  (6)  And  God 
said  unto  him  in  the  dream.  Yea,  I  know 
that  in  the  integrity  of  thj'  heart  thou  hast 
done  this,  and  I  also  withheld  thee  from 
sinning  against  me :  therefore  suffered  I 
thee  not  to  touch  her.  (7)  Now  therefore 
restore  the  man's  wife  ;  for  he  is  a  prophet, 
and  he  shall  pray  for  thee,  and  thou  shalt 
live :  and  if  thou  restore  her  not,  know 
thou  that  thou  shalt  surelj-  die,  thou,  and 
all  that  are  thine.  (8)  And  Abimelech 
rose  early  in  the  morning,  and  called  all 
his  servants,  and  told  all  these  things  in 
their  ears  :  and  the  men  were  sore  afraid. 

(9)  Then  Abimelech  called  Abraham,  and 
said  uuto  him,  What  hast  thou  done  unto 
us?  and  wherein  have  I  sinned  against 
thee,  that  thou  hast  brought  on  me  and  on 
my  kingdom  a  great  sin  ?  thou  hast  done 
deeds  uuto  me  that  ought  not  to  be  done. 

(10)  And  Abimelech  said  unto  Abraham, 
What  sawest  thou,  that  thou  hast  done 
this  thing?  (11)  And  Abraham  said.  Be- 
cause I  thought.  Surely  the  fear  of  God 
is  not  in  this  place  ;  and  they  will  slay  me 
for  my  wife's  sake.  (12)  And  moreover 
she  is  indeed  my  sister,  the  daughter  of 
my  father,  but  not  the  daughter  of  my 
mother;  and  she  became  my  wife :  (13) 
and  it  came  to  pass,  when  God  caused  me 
to  wander  from  my  father's  house,  that  I 
said  unto  her.  This  is  thy  kindness  which 
thou  shalt  shew  unto  me  ;  at  every  place 
whither  we  shall  come,  say  of  me.  He  is 
my  brother.  (14)  And  Abimelech  took 
sheep  and  oxen,  and  inenservanls  and 
iromenservants,  and  gave  them  unto  Abra- 
ham, and  restored  him  Sarah  his  wife. 
(15)  And  Abimelech  said,  Behold,  my 
land  is  before  thee  :  dwell  where  it  pleas- 
eththee.  (16)  And  unto  Sarah  he  said. 
Behold,  I  have  given  thy  brother  a  thou- 


20 


GENESIS. 


sand  pieces  of  silver:  behold,  Mt  is  for 
thoc  a  covering  of  the  eyes  to  all  that  are 
with  thee ;  and  -  in  respect  of  all  thou  art 
righted.  (17)  And  Abraham  pra3^ed  unto 
God  :  and  God  healed  Abimelech,  and  his 
wife,  and  his  maidservants  ;  and  they  bare 

I  childreu.   ((18)  For   the   Louu  had   fast 
closed  up  all  the  wombs\f  the  house  of 
Abimelech,  because  of  Sarah  Abraham's 
'^vif.   ^ 

(^21  And  the  Lord  visited  Sarah  as  lie 
I  had  said,)  and  the  Lord  did  unto  Sarah  as 
ho  liad  spoken.  I  (2)  And  Sarah  con- 
ceived, and  bare  Abraham  a  son  in  his  old 
age,  at  the  set  time  of  which  God  had 
spoken  to  him.  (3)  And  Abraham  called 
the  name  of  his  son  that  was  born  unto 
him,  whom  .Sarah  bare  to  him,  Isaac.  (4) 
And  Abraham  circumcised  his  son  Isaac 
when  he  was  eight  days  old,  as  God  had 
commanded  him.  (5)  And  Abraham  was 
an  hundred  years  old,  when  his  son  Isaac 
was  born  unto  him.  (6)  And  Sarah  said, 
God  hath  ^  made  me  to  laugh  ;  every  one 

,  that  heareth  will  laugh  with  me.  (  (7)  Aud 
she  said,  Who  would  have  said  unto  Abra- 
ham, that  Sarah  should  give  children  suck? 

r  for  I  have  borne  him  a  son  in  his  old  age., 
(8)  And  the  child  grew,  aud  was  weaned  : 
and  Abraham  made  a  great  feast  on  the 
day  that  Isaac  was  weaned.  (9)  And 
Sarah  Sijw  the  sou  of  Hagar  the  Egyptian, 
which  she  had  borne  unto  Abraham,  ■*  mock- 
ing. (10)  AVherefore  she  said  unto  Abra- 
ham, Cast  out  this  bondwoman  aud  her 
son  :  for  the  son  of  this  bondwoman  shall 
not  be  heir  with  my  son,  even  with  Isaac. 

(11)  And  the  thing  was  very  grievous  in 
Abraham's  sight  on  account  of  his  sou. 

(12)  And  God  said  unto  Abraham,  Let  it 
not  be  grievous  in  thy  sight  because  of  the 
lad,  and  because  of  thy  bondw^oman  ;  in 
all  that  Sarah  saith  unto  thee,  hearken 
unto  her  voice ;  for  in  Isaac  shall  thy  seed 
be  called.      (13)  And  also  of  the  son  of 


/-^ 


the  lx)udwoman  will  I  make  a  nation,  be- 
cause he  is  thy  seed.  (14)  And  Abraham 
rose  up  early  in  the  morning,  and  took 
bread  and  a  ''  bottle  of  water,  and  gave  it 
unto  Hagar,  putting  it  on  her  shoulder, 
and  the  child,  aud  sent  her  away :  and  she 
departed,  and  wandered  in  the  wilderness 
of  Beer-sheba.  (15)  And  the  water  in 
the  bottle  was  spent,  and  she  cast  the  child 
under  one  of  the  shrubs.  (16)  And  she 
went,  and  sat  her  down  over  against  him 
a  good  way  off,  as  it  were  a  bowshot :  for 
she  said.  Let  me  not  look  upon  the  death 
of  the  child.  And  she  sat  over  against 
him,  and  lift  up  her  voice,  and  wept.  (17) 
And  God  heard  the  voice  of  the  lad  ;  aud 
the  angel  of  God  called  to  Hagar  out  of 
heaven,  and  said  unto  her,  What  aileth 
thee,  Hagar?  fear  not ;  for  God  hath  heard 
the  voice  of  the  lad  where  he  is.  (18) 
Arise,  lift  up  the  lad,  and  hold  him  in  thine 
hand  ;  for  I  will  make  him  a  great  nation. 
(19)  And  God  opened  her  eyes,  and  she 
saw  a  well  of  water ;  and  she  went,  and 
filled  the  bottle  with  water,  aud  gave  the 
lad  drink.  (20)  And  God  was  with  the 
lad,  and  he  grew  ;  and  he  dwelt  in  the  wil- 
derness, aud  ''became  an  archer.  (21) 
And  he  dwelt  in  the  wilderness  of  Paran  : 
and  his  mother  took  him  a  wife  out  of  the 
land  of  Egyi)t. 

(22)  And  it  came  to  pass  at  that  time, 
that  Abimelech  and  Phicol  the  captain  of 
his  host  spake  unto  Abraham,  saying, 
God  is  with  thee  in  all  that  thou  doest: 
(23)  now  therefore  swear  unto  me  here  by 
God  that  thou  wilt  not  deal  falsely  with 
me,  nor  with  'my  son,  nor  with  my  son's 
son  :  but  according  to  the  kindness  that  I 
have  done  unto  thee,  thou  shalt  do  unto 
me,  and  to  the  land  wherein  thou  hast 
sojourned.  (24)  And  Abraham  said,  I 
will  swear.  (25)  And  Abraham  reproved 
Abimelech  because  of  the  well  of  water, 
which  Abimelech 's  servants  had  violently 


'  Or,  he.       *  Or,  be/ore  alt  men.       ^  Or,  prepared  laughter  for  me.       <  Or,  playing.       *  Or,  Hkin.       «  Or, 
became,  as  he  grew  up,  an  archer.        '  Or,  »iy  offspring,  nor  icith  my  posterity. 


GENESIS. 


21 


rt 


taken  away.  (26)  Aud  Abimelech  said, 
I  kuoTT  not  who  hath  done  this  thing : 
neither  didst  thou  tell  me,  neither  j-et 
heard  I  of  it,  but  to-day.  (27)  Aud 
Abraham  took  sheep  and  oxen,  and  gave 
them  unto  Abimelech  ;  and  they  two  made 
I  a  covenant.  (  (28)  And  Abraham  set  seven 
^  ewe  lambs  of  the  flock  by  themselves. 
(29)  And  Abimelech  said  unto  Abraham, 
What  mean  these  seven  ewe  lambs  which 
thou  hast  set  by  themselves?  (30)  And 
he  said,  These  seven  ewe  lambs  shalt  thou 
take  of  my  hand,  that  it  may  be  a  witness 
/N-unto  me,  that  I  have  digged  this  well.) 
(31)  ATherefore  he  called  that  place  Beei'' 
sheba ;  because  there  they  sware  both  of 
them.  (32)  So  they  made  a  covenant  at 
Beer-sheba :  and  Abimelech  rose  up,  and 
Phicol  the  captain  of  his  host,  and  they 
returned  into  the  land  of  the  Philistines. 
(33)  And  Abraham  planted  a  tamarisk 
tree  in  Beer-sheba,  and  called  there  ou 
the  name  of  the  Lord,  the  Everlasting 
God.,  (31)  And  Abraham  sojourned  in 
the  land  of  the  Philistines  many  days. 

22  And  it  came  to  pass  after  these 
tilings,  that  God  did  prove  Abraham,  and 
said  unto  him,  Abraham  ;  and  he  said. 
Here  am  I.  (2)  And  he  said.  Take  now 
thy  son,  thine  only  son,  whom  thou  lovest, 
even  Isaac,  and  get  thee  into  the  land  of 
Moriah ;  and  offer  him  there  for  a  burnt 
offering  upon  one  of  the  mountains  which 
I  will  tell  thee  of.  (3)  And  Abraham 
rose  early  in  the  morning,  and  saddled  his 
ass,  and  took  two  of  his  young  men  with 
him,  and  Isaac  his  sou ;  and  he  clave  the 
wood  for  the  burnt  offering,  aud  rose  up, 
and  went   unto   the   place  of  which  God 

(4)  On    the    third    day 
up  his  eyes,  and  saw  the 

(5)  And  Abraham  said 
unto  his  young  men.  Abide  ye  here  with 
the  ass,  and  I  and  the  lad  will  go  j'onder  ; 
and  we  will  worship,  and  come  again  to 


had   told   him. 
Abraham  lifted 
place   afar  off. 


you.  (6)  And  Abraham  took  the  wood 
of  the  burnt  offering,  and  laid  it  upon 
Isaac  his  son ;  and  he  took  in  his  hand 
the  fire  and  the  knife  ;  and  they  went  both 
of  them  together.  (7)  And  Isaac  spake 
unto  Abraham  his  father,  and  said,  jNIy 
father :  and  he  said,  Here  am  I,  my  sou. 
And  he  said.  Behold,  the  fire  and  the 
wood :  but  where  is  the  lamb  for  a  burnt 
offering?  (8)  And  Abraham  said,  God 
will '  provide  himself  the  lamb  for  a  burnt 
offering,  my  sou  :  so  they  went  both  of 
them  togetlier.  (9)  And  they  came  to 
the  place  which  God  had  told  him  of  ;  and 
Abraham  built  the  altar  there,  and  laid 
the  wood  in  order,  and  bound  Isaac  his 
son,  and  laid  him  on  the  altar,  upon  the 
wood.  (10)  Aud  Abraham  stretched 
forth  his  hand,  aud  took  the  knife  to  slay 
his  son.  (11)  And  the  angel  of  the  Lord 
called  unto  him  out  of  heaven,  and  said, 
Abraham,  Abraham :  and  he  said.  Here 
am  I.  (12)  And  he  said.  Lay  not  thine 
hand  upon  the  lad,  neither  do  thou  any 
thing  unto  him  :  for  now  I  know  that  thou 
fearest  God,  seeing  thou  hast  not  withheld 
thy  son,  thine  only  son,  from  me.  (13) 
And  Abraham  lifted  up  his  eyes,  and 
looked,  and  "behold,  behind  Jiim  a  ram 
caught  iu  tlie  thicket  by  his  horns  :  and 
Abraham  went  and  took  the  ram,  and 
offered  him  up  for  a  burnt  offering  in  the 
stead  of  his  son.  (14)  Aud  Abraham 
called  the  name  of  that  place  'Jehovah- 
jireh :  as  it  is  said  to  this  day.  In  the 
mount  of  the  Lord  *  it  shall  be  provided^ 
((15)  And  the  angel  of  the  Lord  called  I 
unto  Abraham  a  second  time  out  of  Nr 
heaven,  (16)  and  said.  By  myself  have  I 
sworn,  saith  the  Lord,  because  thou  hast 
done  this  thing,  and  hast  not  withheld  thy 
son,  thine  only  son  :  (17)  that  in  blessing 
I  will  l)lcss  thee,  and  in  multiplying  I  will 
multiply  thy  seed  as  the  stars  of  the 
heaven,  and   as   the  sand  which  is  uiK>n 


*  Heb.  aee/or  himself.        2  Or,  according  to  many  ancient  authorities,  behold  a  (Heb.  one)  ram  caught, 
iit  ?%€  Lord  untl  see,  OT,  provide.        *  Or,  he  shall  be  seen. 


3  That 


22 


GENESIS. 


the  seashore  ;  and  thy  seed  shall  possess 
the  gate  of  his  enemies  ;   (18)  and  in  thy 
seed  shall  all  the  nations  of  the  earth  '  be 
blessed ;    because   thou   hast  obeyed   my 
'hvoioe.')   (19)  So  Abraham   returned  unto 
Tus  young  men,  and  they  rose  up  and  went 
together   to    Beer-sheba ;    and   Abraham 
dwelt  at  Beer-sheba. 
r~(  (20)  And  it  came  to  pass  after  these 
i'  that  it  was  told  Abraham,  saying, 

Behold,  Milciih,  she  also  liath  borne  chil- 
dren unto  thy  brother  Nahor;  (21)  Uz  his 
firstborn,  and  Buz  his  brother,  and  Ke- 
rauel  tiie  father  of  Aram  ;  (22)  and  Che- 
sed,  and  Hazo,  and  Pildash,  and  Jidlaph, 
and  Bethuel.  (23)  And  Bethuel  begat 
Rebekah  :  these  eight  did  Milcah  bear  to 
Nahor,  Abraham's  brother.  (24)  And 
his  concubine,  whose  name  was  Reumah, 
she  also  bare  Tebah,  and  Gahara,  and 
•^    Tahash,  and  Maacah.  j 

23  And  the  life  of  Sarah  was  m  hun- 
dred and  seven  and  twenty  years :  these 
were  the  years  of  the  life  of  Siirah.  (2) 
And  Sarah  died  in  Kiriath-arba  (the  same 
is  Hebron),  in  the  land  of  Canaan:  and 
Abraham  came  to  mourn  for  Sarah,  and 
to  weep  for  her.  (3)  And  Abraham  rose 
up  fi'om  before  his  dead,  and  spake  unto 
the  children  of  Heth,  saying,  (4)  I  am  a 
stranger  and  a  sojourner  with  you  :  give 
me  a  possession  of  a  buryingplace  with 
you,  that  I  may  bury  my  dead  out  of  my 
sight.  (5)  And  the  children  of  Heth  an- 
swered Abraham,  sajnng  unto  him,  (G) 
Hear  us,  my  lord :  thou  art  -  a  mighty 
prince  among  us :  in  the  choice  of  our 
sepulchres  bury  thy  dead ;  none  of  us 
shall  withhold  from  thee  his  sepulchre, 
but  that  thou  mayest  bury  thy  dead.  (7) 
And  Abraham  rose  up,  and  bowed  him- 
self to  the  people  of  the  land,  even  to  the 
children  of  Heth.  (8)  And  he  communed 
with  them,  saying,  If  it  be  your  mind  that 
1  should  bury  my  dead  out  of  my  sight, 
hear  me,   and  intreat  for  me  to  Epliioii 


the  son  of  Zohar,  (9)  that  he  may  give 
me  the  cave  of  Machpelah,  which  he  hath, 
which  is  in  the  end  of  his  field ;  for  the 
full  price  let  him  give  it  to  me  in  the 
midst  of  you  for  a  possession  of  a  bury- 
iiigl)lace.  (10)  Now  Ephron  was  sitting 
in  the  midst  of  the  children  of  Heth  :  and 
Ephron  the  Hittite  answered  Abraham  in 
the  audience  of  the  children  of  Heth,  even 
of  all  that  went  in  at  the  gate  of  his  city, 
saying,  (11)  Nay,  my  lord,  hoar  me:  the 
field  give  I  thee,  and  the  cave  that  is 
therein.  I  give  it  thee  ;  in  the  presence  of 
the  sons  of  my  people  give  I  it  tliee  :  bury 
thy  dead.  (12)  And  Abraham  bowed 
himself  down  before  the  people  of  the 
land.  (l.T)  And  he  spake  unto  Ephron  in 
the  audience  of  the  people  of  the  land, 
saying.  But  if  thou  wilt,  I  pray  thee,  hear 
me :  I  will  give  the  price  of  the  field ; 
t;ike  it  of  me,  and  I  will  buiy  my  dead 
there.  (14)  And  Ephron  answered  Abra- 
ham, saying  unto  him,  (15)  My  lord, 
hearken  unto  me :  a  piece  of  land  worth 
four  hundred  shekels  of  silver,  what  is 
that  betwixt  me  and  thee  ?  bury  therefore 
thy  dead.  (16)  And  Abraham  hearkened 
unto  Ephron  ;  and  Abraham  weighed  to 
Ephron  the  silver,  which  he  had  named  in 
tiie  audience  of  the  children  of  Heth,  four 
hundred  shekels  of  silver,  current  money 
witli  the  merchant.  (17)  So  the  field  of 
Ephron,  which  was  in  Machpelah,  which 
was  before  Mamre,  the  field,  and  the  cave 
which  was  therein,  and  all  the  trees  that 
were  in  the  field,  that  were  in  all  the  bor- 
der thereof  round  about,  were  made  sure 
(18)  unto  Abraham  for  a  possession  in 
the  presence  of  the  children  of  Heth,  be- 
fore all  that  went  in  at  the  gate  of  hia 
city.  (19)  And  after  this,  Abraham  buried 
Sarah  his  wife  in  the  cave  of  the  field  of 
Machpelah  before  Mamre  (the  same  is 
Hebron),  in  the  land  of  Canaan.  (20) 
And  the  field,  and  the  cave  that  is  there- 
in, were  made  sure   unto  Abraham  for  a 


*  Or,  bless  themselves.        *  Heb.  a  prince  of  Ood. 


GENESIS. 


23 


possession  of  a  buryingplace  by  the  chil- 
dren of  Heth. 
j  24  And  Abraham  was  old,  and  well 
I  stricken  in  age  :  and  the  Lord  had  blessed 
^  Abraham  in  all  things.  (2)  And  Abra- 
ham said  unto  his  servant,  the  elder  of  his 
house,  that  ruled  over  all  that  he  had,  Put, 
I  pray  thee,  thy  hand  under  my  thigh : 
(3)  and  I  will  make  thee  swear  by  the 
Lord,  the  God  of  heaven  and  the  God  of 
the  earth,  that  thou  shalt  not  take  a  wife 
for  my  son  of  the  daughters  of  the  Canaau- 
ites,  among  whom  I  dwell :  (4)  but  thou 
shalt  go  unto  my  country,  and  to  my  kin- 
dred, and  take  a  wife  for  my  son  Isaac. 
(5)  And  the  servant  said  unto  him,  Per- 
adventure  the  woman  will  not  be  willing  to 
follow  me  unto  this  land :  must  I  needs 
bring  thy  son  again  unto  the  land  from 
whence  thou  camest?  (6)  And  Abraham 
said  unto  him,  Beware  thou  that  thou  bring 
not  my  son  thither  again.  (7)  The  Lord, 
the  God  of  heaven,  that  took  me  from  my 
father's  house,  and  from  the  land  of  my 
nativity,  and  that  spake  unto  me,  and  that 
sware  unto  me,  saying.  Unto  thy  seed  will 
I  give  this  land ;  he  shall  send  his  angel 
before  thee,  and  thou  shalt  take  a  wife 
for  my  son  from  thence.  (8)  And  if  the 
woman  be  not  willing  to  follow  thee,  then 
thou  shalt  be  clear  from  this  my  oath ; 
only  thou  shalt  not  bring  my  son  thither 
again.  (9)  And  the  servant  put  his  hand 
under  the  thigh  of  Abraham  his  master, 
I  and  sware  to  him  concerning  this  matter. 
^  (10)  And  the  servant  took  ten  camels,  of 
the  camels  of  his  master,  and  departed  ; 
'having  all  goodly  things  of  his  master's 
in  his  hand :  and  he  arose,  and  went  to 
■•'Mesopotamia,  unto  the  city  of  Nahor. 
(11)  And  he  made  the  camels  to  kneel 
down  without  the  city  by  the  well  of  water 
at  the  time  of  evening,  the  time  that  women 
go  out  to  draw  water.  (12)  And  he  said, 
O  Lord,  the  God  of  my  master  Abraham, 


send  me,  I  pray  thee,  good  speed  this  daj', 
and  shew  kindness  unto  my  master  Abra- 
ham. (13)  Behold,  I  stand  by  the  foun- 
tain of  water ;  and  the  daughters  of  the 
men  of  the  city  come  out  to  draw  water : 

(14)  and  let  it  come  to  pass,  that  the 
damsel  to  whom  I  shall  say.  Let  down  thy 
pitcher,  I  pray  thee,  that  I  may  drink  ; 
and  she  shall  say.  Drink,  and  I  will  give 
thy  camels  drink  also  :  let  the  same  be  she 
that  thou  hast  appointed  for  thy  servant 
Isaac  ;  and  thereby  shall  I  know  that  thou 
hast   shewed   kindness   unto  my  master. 

(15)  And  it  came  to  pass,  before  he  had 
done  speaking,  that,  behold,  Rebekah 
came  out,  who  was  born  to  Bethuel  the 
sou  of  Milcah,  the  wife  of  Nahor,  Abra- 
ham's brother,  with  her  pitcher  upon  her 
shoulder.  (IG)  And  the  damsel  was  very 
fair  to  look  upon,  a  virgin,  neither  had 
any  man  known  her :  and  she  went  down 
to  the  fountain,  and  filled  her  pitcher,  and 
came  up.  (17)  And  the  servaut  ran  to 
meet  her,  and  said.  Give  me  to  drink,  I 
pray  thee,  a  little  water  of  thy  pitcher. 
(18)  And  she  said.  Drink,  my  lord:  and 
she  hasted,  and  let  down  her  pitcher  upon 
her  hand,  and  gave  him  drink.  (19)  And 
when  she  had  done  giving  him  drink,  she 
said,  I  will  draw  for  thy  camels  also,  until 
they  have  done  drinking.  (20)  And  she 
hasted,  and  emptied  her  pitcher  into  the 
trough,  and  ran  again  unto  the  well  to 
draw,  and  drew  for  all  his  camels.  (21) 
And  the  man  looked  stedfastly  on  her ; 
holding  his  peace,  to  know  whether  the 


Lord  had  made  his  journey  prosperous 
or  not.  (22)  And  it  came  to  pass,  as  the 
camels  had  done  drinking,  that  the  man 
took  a  golden  ring  of  ^half  a  shekel  weight, 
and  two  bracelets  for  her  hands  of  ten 
shekels  weight  of  gold ;  (23)  and  said, 
Whose  daughter  art  thou?  tell  me,  I  pray 
thee.  Is  there  room  in  thy  father's  house 
for  us  to  lodge  in?     (24)  And  she  said 


*  Or, /or  all  the  gooda  of  kin  master  were  in  Ms  hayid, 
•  Heb.  a  beka.    See  Ex.  xxxvUi.  26. 


2  Heb.  Aram-nuhuraim,  that  is,  Aram  of  the  two  rivers. 


24 


GENESIS. 


untx)  him,  I  am  the  daughter  of  Bethuel 
the  son  of  Mileah,  which  she  bare  uuto 
Nahor.  (25)  She  said  moreover  unto  him, 
We  have  both  straw  and  provender  enough, 
and  room  to  lodge  in.  (26)  And  the  man 
bowed  his  head,  and  worshipped  the  Lord. 
(27)  And  he  said,  Blessed  be  the  Lord, 
the  God  of  my  master  Abraham,  who  hath 
not  forsaken  his  mercy  and  his  truth  to- 
ward my  master :  as  for  me,  tlie  Lord  hath 
led  me  in  the  way  to  the  house  of  my 
master's  brethren.  (28)  And  the  damsel 
ran,  and  told  her  mother's  house  accord- 
ing to  these  words.  (29)  And  Rebekah 
had  a  brother,  and  his  name  was  Laban  : 
and  Laban  ran  out  unto  the  man,  unto  the 
fountain.  (30)  And  it  came  to  pass,  when 
he  saw  the  ring,  and  the  bracelets  upon 
his  sister's  hands,  and  when  he  heard  the 
words  of  Rebekah  his  sister,  saying.  Thus 
spake  the  man  unto  me ;  that  he  came 
unto  tlie  man  ;  and,  behold,  he  stood  by 
the  camels  at  the  fountain.  (31)  And  he 
said,  Come  in,  thou  blessed  of  the  Lord  ; 
wherefore  standest  thou  without?  for  I 
have  prepared  the  house,  and  room  for  the 
camels.  (32)  And  the  man  came  into  the 
house,  and  he  ungirded  the  camels ;  and 
he  gave  straw  and  provender  for  the  cam- 
els, and  water  to  wash  his  feet  aud  the 
men's  feet  that  were  with  him.  (33)  Aud 
there  was  set  meat  before  him  to  eat :  but 
he  said,  I  will  not  eat,  until  I  have  told 
mine  errand.  And  he  said,  Speak  on. 
(84)  And  he  said,  I  am  Abraham's  ser- 
vant. (35)  And  the  Lord  hath  blessed  my 
master  greatly  ;  and  he  is  become  great : 
and  he  hath  given  him  flocks  and  herds, 
and  silver  aud  gold,  and  menservants  and 
maidservants,  and  camels  and  asses.  (36) 
And  Sarah  my  master's  wife  bare  a  son  to 
my  master  when  she  was  old :  and  unto 
him  hath  he  given  all  that  he  hath.  (37) 
And  my  master  made  me  swear,  saying. 
Thou  shalt  not  take  a  wife  for  my  son  of 
the  daughters  of  the  Canaanites,  in  whose 
land  I  dwell :   (38)  but  thou  shalt  go  unto 


my  father's  house,  and  to  my  kindred,  and 
take  a  wife  for  my  sou.  (39)  And  I  said 
uuto  my  master,  Peradventure  the  woman 
will  not  follow  me.  (40)  Aud  he  said 
uuto  me.  The  Lord,  before  whom  I  walk, 
will  send  his  angel  with  thee,  and  prosper 
thy  way  ;  and  thou  shalt  take  a  wife  for 
ray  son  of  my  kindred,  aud  of  m}-  father's 
house  :  (41)  then  shalt  thou  be  clear  from 
my  oath,  when  thou  comest  to  my  kindred ; 
and  if  they  give  her  not  to  thee,  thou  shalt 
be  clear  from  my  oath.  (42)  And  I  came 
this  day  unto  the  fountain,  and  said,  O 
Lord,  the  God  of  my  master  Abraham, 
if  now  thou  do  prosper  my  way  which  I 
go  :  (43)  behold,  I  stand  by  the  fountain 
of  water ;  and  let  it  come  to  pass,  that 
the  maiden  which  cometh  forth  to  draw,  to 
whom  I  shall  say.  Give  me,  I  pray  thee,  a 
little  water  of  thy  pitcher  to  drink  ;  (44) 
and  she  shall  say  to  me.  Both  drink  thou, 
and  I  will  also  draw  for  thy  camels :  let 
the  same  be  the  woman  whom  the  Lord 
hath  appointed  for  my  master's  son.  (45) 
And  Ijefore  I  had  done  speaking  in  mine 
heart,  behold,  Rebekah  came  forth  with 
her  pitcher  on  her  shoulder ;  and  she  went 
down  unto  the  fountain,  and  drew :  and  I 
said  unto  her.  Let  me  drink,  I  pray  thee. 
(46)  And  she  made  haste,  and  let  down 
her  pitcher  from  her  shoulder,  and  said. 
Drink,  and  I  will  give  thy  camels  drink 
also  :  so  I  drank,  and  she  made  the  camels 
drink  also.  (47)  And  I  asked  her,  and 
said.  Whose  daughter  art  thou?  And  she 
said.  The  daughter  of  Bethuel,  Nahor's 
son,  whom  Mileah  bare  uuto  him  :  and  I 
put  the  ring  upon  her  nose,  and  the  brace- 
lets upon  her  hands.  (48)  And  I  bowed 
my  head,  and  worshipped  the  Lord,  and 
blessed  the  Lord,  the  God  of  my  master 
Abraham,  which  had  led  me  in  the  right 
way  to  take  my  master's  brother's  daugh- 
ter for  his  son.  (49)  Aud  now  if  ye  will 
deal  kindly  and  truly  with  my  master,  tell 
me  :  and  if  not,  tell  me  ;  that  I  may  turn 
to  the  right  hand,  or  to  the  left.     (50) 


GENESIS. 


25 


Then  Laban  and  Betluiel  answered  and 
said,  The  thing  pioceedeth  from  the  Lokd  : 
we  cannot  speak  unto  thee  bad  or  good. 

(51)  Behold,  Rebekah  is  before  thee,  take 
her,  and  go,  and  let  her  be  thy  master's 
son's  wife,   as   the    Lord    hath    spoken. 

(52)  And  it  came  to  pass,  that,  when  Abra- 
ham's servant  heard  their  words,  he  bowed 
himself  down  to  the  earth  unto  the  Lord. 

(53)  And  the  servant  brought  forth  jewels 
of  silver,  and  jewels  of  gold,  and  raiment, 
and  gave  them  to  Rebekah  :  he  gave  also 
to  her  brother  and  to  her  mother  precious 
things.  (54)  And  they  did  eat  and  drink, 
he  and  the  men  that  were  with  him,  and 
tarried  all  night ;  and  they  rose  up  in  the 
morning,  and  he  said.  Send  me  away  unto 
my  master.  (55)  And  her  brother  and  her 
mother  said.  Let  the  damsel  abide  with  us 
a  few  days,  at  the  least  ten  ;  after  that  she 
shall  go.  (56)  And  he  said  unto  them. 
Hinder  me  not,  seeing  the  Lord  hath  pros- 
pered my  way  ;  send  me  away  that  I  may 
go  to  my  master.  (57)  And  they  said, 
We  will  call  the  damsel,  and  inquire  at  her 
mouth.  (58)  And  the}'  called  Rebekah, 
and  said  unto  her.  Wilt  thou  go  with  this 
man?  And  she  said,  I  will  go.  (59) 
And  they  sent  away  Rebekah  their  sister, 
and  her  nurse,  and  Abraham's  servant, 
and  his  men.  (60)  And  they  blessed  Re- 
bekah, and  said  unto  her.  Our  sister,  be 
thou  the  mother  of  thousands  of  ten  thou- 
sands, and  let  thy  seed  possess  the  gate 
of  those  which  hate  them.  (61)  And  Re- 
bekah arose,  and  her  damsels,  and  they 
rode  upon  the  camels,  and  followed  the 
man  :  and  the  servant  took  Rebekah,  and 
went  his  way.  (62)  And  Isaac  came  ^  from 
the  way  of  Beer-lahai-roi ;  for  he  dwelt  in 
the  land  of  the  South.  (63)  And  Isaac 
went  out  to  meditate  in  the  field  at  the 
eventide :  and  he  lifted  up  his  eyes,  and 
saw,  and,  behold,  there  were  camels  com- 
ing. (64)  And  Rebekah  lifted  up  her 
eyes,  and  when  she  saw  Isaac,  she  lighted 


off  the  camel.  (65)  And  she  said  unto 
the  servant,  What  man  is  this  that  walketh 
in  the  field  to  meet  us  ?  And  the  servant 
said.  It  is  my  master :  and  she  took  her 
veil,  and  covered  herself.  (66)  And  the 
servant  told  Isaac  all  the  things  that  he 
had  done.  (67)  And  Isaac  brought  her 
into  his  mother  Sarah's  tent,  and  took 
Rebekah,  and  she  became  his  wife ;  and 
he  loved  her :  and  Isaac  was  comforted 
after  his  mother's  death. 

25  And  Abraham  took  another  wife, 
and  her  name  was  Keturah.  (2)  And  she 
bare  him  Zimran,  and  Jokshan,  and  Me- 
dan,  and  Midiau,  and  Ishbak,  and  Shuah. 

(3)  And  Jokshan  begat  Sheba,  and  De- 
dan.  And  the  sons  of  Dedan  were  As- 
shurim,    and    Letushim,    and    Leummim. 

(4)  And  the  sons  of  Midian  ;  Ephah,  and 
Epher,  and  Hanoch,  and  Abida,  and  Elda- 
ah.  All  these  were  the  children  of  Ketu- 
rah. (5)  And  Abraham  gave  all  that  he 
had  unto  Isaac.)  (6)  But  unto  the  sons 
of  the  concubines,  which  Abraham  had, 
Abraham  gave  gifts ;  and  he  sent  them 
away  from  Isaac  his  son,  while  he  yet 
lived,  eastward,  unto  the  east  country. 
( 7)  And  these  are  the  days  of  the  years 
of  Abraham's  life  which  he  lived,  an  hun- 
dred threescore  and  fifteen  years.  (8) 
And  Abraham  gave  up  the  ghost,  and 
died  in  a  good  old  age,  an  old  man,  and 
full  of  years;  and  was  gathered  to  his 
people.  (9)  And  Isaac  and  Ishmael  his 
sons  buried  him  in  the  cave  of  Machpelah, 
in  the  field  of  Ephron  the  son  of  Zohar 
the  Hittite,  which  is  before  Mamre  ;  (10) 
the  field  which  Abraham  purchased  of  the 
children  of  Heth :  there  was  Abraham 
buried,  and  Sarah  his  wife.  (11)  And  it 
came  to  pass  after  the  death  of  Abraham, 
that  God  blessed  Isaac  his  sou  ;  and  Isaac 
dwelt  bj'  Beer-lahai-roi. ) 

(12)  Now  these  are  the  generations  of 
Ishmael,  Abraham's  son,  whom  Hagar 
the  Egyptian,  Sarah's  handmaid,  bare  un- 


^  The  Sept.  haa>  through  the  wilderness. 


26 


GENESIS. 


to  Abraham  :  (13)  and  these  are  the  names 
of  the  sons  of  Ishmael,  by  their  names, 
according  to  their  generations :  the  first- 
born of  Ishmael,  Nebaioth ;  and  Kedar, 
and  Adbeel,  (14)  and  Mibsam,  and  Mish- 
ma,  and  Dumah,  and  Massa ;  (15)  Ha- 
dad,  and  Tcma,  Jetur,  Naphish,  and  Kede- 
mah  :  (16)  tlicsc  are  the  sons  of  Ishmael, 
and  these  are  their  names,  by  their  vil- 
lages, and  by  their  cueampments  ;  twelve 
princes  according  to  their  nations.  (17) 
And  these  are  the  years  of  the  life  of 
Ishmael,  an  hundred  and  thirty  and  seven 
years :  and  lie  gave  up  the  ghost  and 
died  ;  and  was  gathered  unto  his  people. 
1(18)  And  they  dwelt  from  Havilah  unto 
8iiur  that  is  before  Egypt,  as  thou  goest 
toward  Assyria :  he  '  abode  -  in  the  pres- 
ence of  all  his  brethren.  , 

(19)  And  these  are  me  generations  of 
Isaac,  Abraham's  son :  Abraham  begat 
Isaac :  (20)  and  Isaac  was  forty  years  old 
when  he  took  Rebekah,  the  daughter  of 
Bethuel  the  '  Syrian  of  Paddan-aram,  the 
sister  of  I^liau  the  "  Syrian,  to  be  his  wife. 
(21)  And  Isaac  intreated  the  Lord  for  his 
^'^  wife,  because  she  was  barren :  and  the 
Lord  was  intreated  of  him,  and  Rebekah 
his  wife  conceived.  (22)  And  the  chil- 
dren struggled  together  within  her ;  and 
she  said,  If  it  be  so,  ■"  wlierefoi-e  do  I  live? 
And  she  went  to  inquire  of   the  Lord. 

(23)  And  the  Lord  said  unto  her, 
Two  nations  are  in  thy  womb, 

And  two  peoples  shall  be  separated  even 

from  thy  bowels : 
And  the  one  people  shall  be  stronger 

than  the  other  people  ; 
And  the  elder  shall  serve  the  younger. 

(24)  And  when  her  days  to  be  delivered 
were  fulfilled,  behold,  there  were  twins 
in  her  womb.     (25)  And  the  first  came 

'  I    forth  '  rv(l,)all  over  like  an  hairy  garment ; 

and  they  Called  his  name  Esau.   y(26)  And 

^-  after  tliat  came  forth  his  brotiier,  jand  his 


hand  had  hold  on  Esau's  heel ;  and  his 
name  was  called  "  Jacob :  and  Isaac  was 
threescore  years  old  when  she  bare  them. 
(27)  And  the  boys  grew :  and  Esau  was 
a  cunning  hunter,  a  man  of  the  field  ;  and 
Jacob  was  a  '  plain  man,  dweUing  in  tents. 
,(28)  Now  Isaac  loved  Esau,  because  he 
did  eat  of  his  venison  :  and  Rebekah  loved 
Jacob.^  (29)  And  Jacob  sod  pottage: 
and  Esau  came  in  from  the  field,  and  he 
was  faint:  (30)  and  Esau  said  to  Jacob, 
Feed  me,  I  pray  thee,  with  '  that  same  red 
pottage;  for  I  am  faint :  therefore  was  his 
name  called  °Edom.  (31)  And  Jacob 
said.  Sell  me  *°  this  day  thy  birthright. 
(32)  And  Esau  said.  Behold,  I  am  at  the 
point  to  die :  and  what  profit  shall  the 
birthright  do  to  me?  (33)  And  Jacob 
said,  Swear  to  me  '"this  day  ;  and  he  sware 
unto  him  :  and  he  sold  his  birthright  unto 
Jacob.  (34)  And  Jacob  gave  Esau  bread 
and  pottage  of  lentils  ;  and  he  did  eat  and 
drink,  and  rose  up,  and  went  his  way  :  so 
Esau  despised  his  birthright. 

I  26  And  there  was  a  famine  in  the  land, 
beside  the  first  famine  that  was  in  the  days 
cf  Abraham.  And  Isaac  went  unto  Abim- 
elech  king  of  the  Philistines  unto  Gcrar. 
(2)  And  the  Lord  appeared  unto  him,  and 
said,  (4o  not  down  into  Eg\pt;  dvvill  it 
the  land  which  I  sliall  tell  thee  of  :  (3)  so- 
journ in  this  land,)and  I  will  be  with  thee^,  1 
and  will  bless  thee ;  for  unto  thee,  and 
unto  thy  seed,  I  will  give  all  these  lands, 
and  I  will  establish  tlie  oath  which  I  sware 
unto  Abraham  thy  father;  (4)  and  I  will 
multiply  thy  seed  as  the  stars  of  heaven, 
and  will  give  unto  thy  seed  all  these  lands  ; 
and  in  thy  seed  shall  all  the  nations  of 
the  earth  "be  blessed;  (5)  because  that 
Abraham  obeyed  my  voice,  and  kept  my 
charge,  my  commandment.s,  my  statutes^ 
and  my  laws.  I  (6)  And  Isaac  dwelt  hi  1 
Gerar:  (7)  and  the  men  of  the  place  "" 
asked  him  of  his  wife  ;  and  he  said,  She 


T 


'  Or,  settled.  Heb. />//.  '  Or,  oi-er  against.  '  Ueb.  Arameaii.  t  Or,  ichere/me  am  1  thus  f  ^  Or,  rniltly. 
'■  That  is,  One  that  takes  by  the  heel  or  supplants.  '  Or,  quiet.  Or,  harmless.  Heb.  perfect.  '  Heb.  the  red 
IKllagf,  this  red  imltagQ.        "  That  is,  &</.        ^o  Ox, first  of  all.        '^  Or,  bless  themselnes. 


GENESIS. 


27 


is  my  sister:  for  he  feared  to  saj-,  My 
wife ;  lest,  said  he,  the  men  of  the  place 
should  kill  me  for  Rebekah  :  because  she 
was  fair  to  look  upon.  (8)  And  it  came 
to  pass,  when  he  had  been  there  a  long 
time,  that  Abimelech  king  of  the  Philis- 
tines looked  out  at  a  window,  and  saw, 
and,  behold,  Isaac  was  sporting  with 
Rebekah  his  wife.  (9)  And  Abimelech 
called  Isaac,  and  said.  Behold,  of  a  surety 
she  is  thy  wife  :  and  how  saidst  thou.  She 
is  my  sister?  And  Isaac  said  unto  him. 
Because  I  said.  Lest  I  die  for  her.  (10) 
And  Abimelech  said.  What  is  this  thou 
hast  done  unto  us?  one  of  the  people 
might  lightly  have  lien  with  thy  wife,  and 
thou  shouldest  have  brought  guiltiness 
upon  us.  (11)  And  Abimelech  charged 
all  the  people,  saying.  He  that  toucheth 
this  man  or  his  wife  shall  surely  be  put  to 
death.  (12)  And  Isaac  sowed  in  that 
land,  and  found  in  the  same  year  an  hun- 
dredfold :    and    the    Lord    blessed   him. 

(13)  And  the  man  waxed  great,  and  grew 
more  and  more  until  he  became  very  great : 

(14)  and  he  had  possessions  of  flocks,  and 
possessions  of  herds,  and  a  great  house- 

''^hold:    and    the    Philistines   envied   him. 

(15)  A'ow  all  the  wells  which  his  father'^, 
servants  had  digged  in  the  daj-s  of  Abra- 
ham his  father,  the  Philistines  had  stopped 

I   them,  and  filli'il  them  with  earth,     (16) 
^  And  Abimelech  said  unto  Isaac,  Go  from 
us ;  for  thou  art  much  mightier  than  we. 
(17)  And  Isaac  departed  thence,  and  en- 
camped in  the  valley  of  Gerar,  and  dwelt 
rthere.  j   (18)  And  Isaac  digged  again  the 
wells  of  water,  which  they  had  digged  in 
the  days  of  Abraham  his  father ;  for  the 
Philistines   had   stopped   them   after   the 
death   of  Abraham :   and  he  called  their 
_names  after  the  names  by  which  his  father 
I   h.ad  called  them.     (19)  And  Isaac's  ser- 
^  '  vants   digged   in   the   valley,    and   found 
there  a  well  of   ^  springing  water.     (20) 
And  the   hcrdmen   of  Gerar  strove  with 


Isaac's  herdmen,  saj'ing,  The  water  is 
ours  :  and  he  called  the  name  of  the  well 
'^Esek  ;  because  they  contended  with  him. 
(21)  And  they  digged  another  well,  and 
they  strove  for  that  also :  and  he  called 
the  name  of  it  'Sitnah.  (22)  And  he  re- 
moved from  thence,  and  digged  another 
well ;  and  for  that  they  strove  not :  and 
he  called  the  name  of  it  *  Rehoboth  ;  and 
he  said.  For  now  the  Lord  hath  made 
room  for  us,  and  we  shall  be  fruitful  in 
the  land.  (23)  And  he  went  up  from 
thence  to  Beer-sheba.  (24)  And  the  Loud 
appeared  unto  him  the  same  night,  and 
said,  I  am  the  God  of  Abraham  thy  fath- 
er :  fear  not,  for  I  am  with  thee,  and  will 
bless  thee,  and  multiply  thy  seed  for  my 
servant  Abraham's  sake.  (25)  And  he 
buikled  an  altar  there,  and  called  upon  the 
name  of  the  Lord,  and  pitched  his  tent 
there  :  and  there  Isaac's  servants  digged 
a  well.  (26)  Then  Abimelech  went  to 
him  from  Gerar,  and  Ahuzzath  his  friend, 
and  Phicol  the  captain  of  his  host.  (27) 
And  Isaac  said  unto  them.  Wherefore  are 
ye  come  unto  me,  seeing  ye  hate  me,  and 
have  sent  me  away  from  3'ou?  (28)  And 
they  said.  We  saw  plainly  that  the  Lord 
was  with  thee :  and  we  said.  Let  there 
now  be  an  oath  betwixt  us,  even  betwixt 
us  and  thee,  and  let  us  make  a  covenant 
with  thee ;  (29)  that  thou  wilt  do  us  no 
hurt,  as  we  have  not  touched  thee,  and  as 
we  have  done  unto  thee  nothing  but  good, 
and  have  sent  thee  away  in  peace :  thou 
art  now  the  blessed  of  the  Lord.  (30) 
And  he  made  them  a  feast,  and  they  did 
eat  and  drink.  (31)  And  they  rose  up 
betimes  in  the  morning,  and  sware  one  to 
another :  and  Isaac  sent  them  awa}-,  and 
they  departed  from  him  in  peace.  (32) 
And  it  came  to  pass  the  same  day,  that 
Isaac's  servants  came,  and  told  him  con- 
cerning the  well  which  they  had  digged, 
and  said  unto  him.  We  have  found  water. 
(33)  And  he  called  it  *  Sliibah  :  therefore 


^Rehtimng.      '  IbM,  ia.  Contention.      ^  TbAX,  is,  Enmity.      *  ThSLlia,  Uroad  places,  or,  Jloom.        '  See  cb.  xxi.  31. 


28 


GENESIS. 


the  name  of  the  city  is  Beer-sheba  unto 

[this  day. ) 

(34)  And  when  Esau  was  forty  years 
old  he  took  to  wife  Judith  the  daughter 
of  Beeri  the  Hittitfi,  and  Basemath  the 
daughter  of  Elon  the  Hittitc :  (35)  and 
they  were  *  a  grief  of  mind  unto  Isaac 
and  to  liebekah. 

27  And  it  came  to  pass,  that  when 
Isaac  was  old,  and  his  eyes  were  dim,  so 
that  he  could  not  see,  he  called  Esau  his 
elder  son,\ind  said  unto  him,  My  son: 
and  he  said  unto  him,  Here  am  I.  (  (2) 
And  he  said.  Behold  now,  I  am  old,  I 
know  not  the  day  of  my  death.  (3)  Now 
therefore  take,  I  pray  thee,  thy  weapons, 
thy  quiver  and  thy  bow,  and  go  out  to  the 
field,  and  take  me  venison  ;  (4)  and  make 
me  savoury  meat,  such  as  I  love,  and 
,  bring  it  to  me,  that  I  may  eat; (that  my 
soul  may  bless  thee  l)efore  I  die.)  (5)  And 
Rebekah  heard  when  Isaac  spake  to  Esau 

/  his  son.  (And  Esau  wont  to  the  field  to 
^  hunt  for  venison,  and  to  bring  it.  (6) 
And  RelK'kah  spake  unto  Jacob  her  son, 
saying.  Behold,  I  heard  thy  father  speak 
unto  Esau  thy  brother,  saying,  (7)  Bring 
^t^jne  venison,  and  make  me  savoury  meat,] 
that  I  may  eat,  and  bless  thee  before  the 
LoED  before  my  death.  (8)  Now  there- 
fore, my  son,  obey  my  voice  according  to 
that  which  I  command  thee.  (9)  Go  now 
to  the  flock,  and  fetch  me  from  thence  two 
good  kids  of  the  goats ;  and  I  will  make 
them  savoury  meat  for  thy  father,  such  as 
he  loveth  :  (10)  and  thou  shalt  bring  it  to 
thy  father,  that  he  may  eat,  so  that  he 
may  bless  thee  before  his  death.  (11) 
And  Jacob  said  to  Rebekah  his  mother, 
Behold,  Esau  my  brother  is  a  hairy  man, 
and  I  am  a  smooth  man.  (12)  My  father 
peradventure  will  feel  me,  and  I  shall 
seem  to  him  as  a  "  deceiver ;  and  I  shall 
bring  a  curse  upon  me,  and  not  a  blessing. 
(13)  And  his  mother  said  unto  him.  Upon 
me  be  thy  curse,  my  son  :  only  oliey  my 


voice,  and  go  fetch  me  them.  (14)  And 
he  went,  and  fetched,  and  brought  them 
to  his  mother :  and  his  mother  made  sa- 
voury meat,  such  as  his  father  loved. 
(15)  And  Rebekah  took  the  goodly  rai- 
ment of  Esau  her  elder  son,  which  were 
with  her  in  the  house,  and  put  them  upon 
Jacob  her  younger  son:  V 16)  and  she  pui 
the  skins  of  the  kids  of  the  goats  upon  his 
hands,  and  upon  the  smooth  of  his  neck  : 
(17)  and  she  gave  the  savoury  meat  and 
the  bread,  which  she  had  prepared,  into 
the  hand  of  her  son  Jacob.  (18)  And  he 
came  unto  his  father,  and  said,  h,ly  fath-  1/ 
er :  and  he  said,  Here  am  I ;  who  art 
thou,  my  son?  (19)  And  Jacob  said  unto 
his  father,  I  am  Esau  thy  firstborn  ;  I  have 
done  according  as  thou  badest  me  :  arise, 
1  praj'  thee,  sit  and  eat  of  my  venison, 
that  thy  soul  may  bless  me.  (20)  And 
Isaac  said  unto  his  son.  How  is  it  that 
thou  hast  found  it  so  quickly,  my  sou? 
And  he  said,  Because  the  Lord  thy  God 
sent  me  good  speed.  ^  (21)  And  Isaa£__V 
said  unto  Jacob.  Come  near,  I  pray  thee, 
that  I  may  feel  thee,  my  son,  whether 
thou  Ije  my  very  son  Esau  or  not.  (22) 
And  Jacob  went  near  unto  Isaac  his  fath- 
er ;  and  he  felt  him,  and  said.  The  voice 
is  Jacob's  voice,  but  the  hands  are  the 
hands  of  Esau.  (23)  And  he  discerned 
him  not,  because  his  hands  were  hairy,  as 
his  brother  Esau's  hands  :  so  he  blessed 
him.  ( (24)  And  he  said,  Art  thou  my~l 
very  son  Esau?  And  he  said,  I  am.  (25)  ^-^ 
And  he  said,  Bring  it  near  to  me,  and  I 
will  eat  of  my  son's  venison,  that  my  soul 
may  bless  thee.  And  he  brought  it  near 
to  hira,  and  he  did  eat :  and  he  brought 
him  wine,  and  he  drank.  (26)  And  his 
father  Isaac  said  unto  him,  Come  near 
now,  and  kiss  me,  my  son.  (27)  And  he 
came  near,  and  kissed  him  :  and  he  smelled 
the  smell  of  his  raiment,  and  blessed  hiui, 
and  said, 

See,  the  smell  of  my  son 


>  Heb.  bitterness  of  spirit.       *  Or,  mocker. 


GENESIS. 


29 


Is  as  the  smell   of   a   field   which   the 
/ts  Lord  hath  blessed : 

(28)  And  God  give  thee  of  the  dew  of 

heaven, 
And  of  the  fatness  of  the  earth, 
And  plenty  of  corn  and  wine  : 
J    f  (29)  Let  peoples  serve  thee, 
I    And  nations  bow  down  to  thee :  j 
Be  lord  over  thy  brethren, 
And  let  thy  mother's  sous  bow  down  to 
thee: 
L.  \  Cursed  be  ever3'  one  lliat  curseth  thee. 
And  blessed  be  every  one  thai  blesseth 
thee. 

(30)  And  it  came   to   pass,  as   soon    as 
"J"  Isaac  had  made  an  end  of  blessing  Jacob,^ 

and  Jacob  was  yet  scarce  gone  out  from 
the  presence  of  Isaac  his  fatherlthat  Esau 
his  brother  came   in   from    hishuntingT 

(31)  And  he  also  made  savourj-  meat,  and 
,   brought  it  unto  his  father ;  and  he   said 

w^  unto  his  father,  Let  my  father  arise,  and 
eat  of  his  son's  venison,  that  thy  soul  may 
bless  me.  (32)  And  Isaac  his  father  said 
unto  him.  Who  art  thou?  And  he  said, 
I  am  thy  son,  thy  firstborn,  Esau.  (33) 
And  Isaac  trembled  very  exceedingly,  and 
said,  Who  then  is  he  that  hath  taken  ven- 
ison, and  brought  it  me,  and  I  have  eaten 
of  all  before  thou  earnest,  and  have  blessed 
him?  yea,  and  he  shall  be  blessed.  (34) 
When  Esau  heard  the  words  of  his  father, 
he  cried  with  an  exceeding  great  and  bit- 
ter ciy,  and  said  unto  his  father.  Bless  me. 
h  even  me  also,  O  my  fatherH  (35)  And 
'  Ee  said.  Thy  brother  came  with  guile, 
and  hath  taken  away  thy  blessing.  (36) 
And  he  said.  Is  not  he  rightly  named 
'Jacob?  for  he  hath  supplanted  me  these 
two  times  :  he  took  away  my  birthright ; 
and,  behold,  now  he  hath  taken  awa^'  my 
blessing.  And  he  said.  Hast  thou  not 
reserved  a  blessing  for  me?  (37)  And 
Isaac  answered  and  said  unto  Esau,  Be- 
hold, I  have  made  him  thy  lord,  and  all 
his  brethren  have  I  given  to  him  for  ser- 


vants;  and  with  corn  and  wine  have  I 
sustained  him  :  and  what  then  shall  I  do 
for  thee,  my  son?  (38)  And  Esau  said 
unto  his  father.  Hast  thou  but  one  bless- 
ing, my  father?  bless  me,  even  me  also, 
O  my  father.  And  Esau  lifted  up  his 
voice,  and  wept.  (39)  And  Isaac  his 
father  answered  and  said  unto  him. 

Behold,  "of   the  fatness  of   the  earth 
shall  be  thy  dwelling. 

And  -  of  the  dew  of  heaven  from  above  ; 

(40)  And  by  thy  sword  shalt  thou  live, 
and  thou  shalt  serve  thy  brother ; 

And  it  shall  come  to  pass  when  thou 
shalt  break  loose. 

That  thou  shalt  shake  his  yoke  from  off 
thj-  neck. 
(41)  And  Esau  hated  Jacob  because  of 
the  blessing  wherewith  his  father  blessed 
liini :  and  Esau  said  in  his  heart.  The  days 
of  mourning  for  mj'  father  are  at  hand ; 
then  will  I  slay  my  brother  Jacob.  (42) 
And  the  words  of  Esau  her  elder  son  were 
told  to  Rebekah  ;  and  she  sent  and  called 
Jacob  her  younger  son,  and  said  unto  him. 
Behold,  thy  brother  Esau,  as  touching 
thee,  doth  comfort  himself,  purposing  to 
kill  thee.  )  (43)  Now  therefore,  my  souj. 
obey  my  voice ;  (and  arise,  flee  thou  to 
Laban  my  brother  to  Haran  ;j  (44)  and/ 
tariT  with  him  a  few  days,  until  thy  broth- 
er's fury  turn  away  ;  1(45)  until  thy  broth 
er's  anger  turn  away  from  thee,  and  he 
forget  that  which  thou  hast  done  to  him 
then  I  will  send,  and  fetch  thee  from 
thence  :  why  should  I  be  bereaved  of  you 
both  in  one  day  ? 

(4G)  And  Rebekah  said  to  Isaac,  I  am 
weary  of  my  life  because  of  the  daughters 
of  Heth :  if  Jacob  take  a  wife  of  the 
daughters  of  Heth,  such  as  these,  of  the 
daughters  of  the  land,  what  good  shall  my 
life  do  me  ?  28  And  Isaac  called  Jacob, 
and  blessed  him,  and  charged  him,  and 
said  unto  him,  Thou  shalt  not  take  a  wife 
of  the  daughters  of  Canaan.    (2)  Arise,  go 


^ 


1  See  ch.  xxv.  Ii6.        ^  Qj.^  away  /rum. 


30 


GENESIS. 


I 


to  Paddan-aram,  lo  the  house  of  Bethuel 
thy  mother's  father ;  and  take  thee  a  wife 
from  thence  of  the  daughters  of  Laban 
thy  mother's  brother.  (3)  And  » God  Al- 
mighty bless  thee,  and  make  thee  fruitful, 
and  multiply  thee,  that  thou  may  est  be  a 
company  of  peoples;  (4)  and  give  thee 
the  blessing  of  Abraham,  to  thee,  and  to 
thy  seed  with  thee ;  that  thou  mayest  in- 
herit the  land  of  thy  sojournings,  which 
God  gave  unto  Abraham.  (5)  And  Isaac 
sent  away  Jacob  :  and  he  went  to  Paddan- 
aram  unto  Laban,  son  of  Bethuel  the 
*  Syrian,  the  brother  of  Rebekah,  Jacob's 
and  Esau's  mother.  (6)  Now  Esau  saw 
that  Isaac  had  blessed  Jacob  and  sent  him 
away  to  Paddan-aram,  to  take  him  a  wife 
from  thence ;  and  that  as  he  blessed  him 
he  gave  him  a  charge,  saying.  Thou  shalt 
not  take  a  wife  of  the  daughters  of  Ca- 
naan ;  (7)  and  that  Jacob  obeyed  his 
father  and  his  mother,  and  was  gone  to 
Paddan-aram  :  (8)  and  Esau  saw  that  the 
daughters  of  Canaan  pleased  not  Isaac  his 
father;  (9)  and  Esau  went  unto  Ishniael. 
and  took  unto  the  wives  which  he  had 
Mahalath  the  daughter  of  Ishmael  Abra- 
ham's son,  the  sister  of  Nebaioth,  to  be 
his  wife. 

(10)  And  Jacob  went  out  from  Beer- 
sheba,  and  went  toward  Haran.  (11) 
And  he  lighted  upon  ^  a  certain  place,  and 
tarried  there  all  night,  because  the  sun 
was  set ;  and  he  took  one  of  the  stones  of 
the  place,  and  put  it  under  his  head,  and 
lay  down  in  that  place  to  sleep.  (12) 
And  he  dreamed,  and  behold  a  ladder  set 
up  on  the  eaith,  and  the  top  of  it  reached 
to  heaven  :  and  behold  the  angels  of  God 
ascending  and  descending  on  it.  (13) 
And,  behold,  the  Lord  stood  *  above  it, 
and  said,  I  am  the  Lord,  the  God  of 
Abraham  thy  father,  and  the  God  of 
Isaac  :  the  land  whereon  thou  liest,  to  thee 
will  I  give  it,  and  to  thy  seed;   (14)  and 


thy  seed  shall  be  as  the  dust  of  the  earth, 
and  thou  shalt  ^  spread  abroad  to  the  west, 
and  to  the  east,  and  to  the  north,  and  to 
the  south:  and  in  thee  '""'    '^  'I 

shall  all  the  families  of  the  earth  be  blessed. 
(15)  And,  behold,  I  am  with  thee,  and 
will  keep  thee  whithersoever  thou  goest, 
and  will  bring  thee  again  into  this  land  ; 
for  I  will  not  leave  thee,  until  I  have  done 
that  which  I  have  spoken  to  thee  of.  (16) 
And  Jacob  awaked  out  of  his  sleep,  and 
he  said.  Surely  the  Lord  is  in  this  place ; 
and  I  knew  it  not.  (17)  And  he  was  y 
afraid,  and  said,  How  dreadful  is  this 
place  !  this  is  none  other  but  the  house  of 
God,  and  this  is  the  gate  of  heaven.  (18) 
And  Jacob  rose  up  early  in  the  morning, 
and  took  the  stone  that  he  had  put  under 
his  head,  and  set  it  up  for  a  pillar,  and 
poured  oil  upon  the  top  of  it.  ((19)  AndX 
he  called  the  name  of  that  place  '  Beth-el : 
but  the  name  of  tlie  city  was  Luz  ai  the 
firstT^  (20)  And  Jacob  vowed  a  vow,  say:  T^ 
ing.  If  God  will  be  with  me,  and  will  keep 
me  in  this  w.iy  that  I  go,  and  will  give  me 
bread  to  eat,  and  raiment  to  put  on,  (21) 
so  that  I  come  again  to  my  father's  house 
in  peace,  f  then  shall  the  Lord  be  my  God,  j  i\ 
(22)  andlhis  stone,  which  I  have  set  up 
for  a  pillar,  shall  be  God's  house  :  and  of 
all  that  thou  shalt  give  me  I  will  surely 
give  the  tenth  unto  thee. 

29  Then  Jacob  *  went  on  his  journey, 
and  came  to  the  land  of  the  children  of 
the  east.  '  (2)  And  he  looked,  and  behold  ^ 
a  well  in  the  field,  and,  lo,  three  flocks  of  v 
sheep  lying  there  by  it ;  for  out  of  that 
well  they  watered  the  flocks :  and  the 
stone  upon  the  well's  mouth  was  great. 
(3)  And  thither  were  all  the  flocks  gath- 
ered :  and  they  rolled  the  stone  from  the 
well's  mouth,  and  watered  the  sheep,  and 
put  the  stone  again  upon  the  well's  mouth 
in  its  place.  (4)  And  Jacob  said  unto 
them,  My  brethren,  whence  be  ye?  And 


•  Heb.   m    S/ii!,ltlai. 
'  That  is,  The  house  uf  Ooii. 


Ileb.    Arnmeaji.  ^  Ufh.    the    pjace.         *  Or,   beside   him.        •'  Heb.  Weak  forth. 

'  Or,  U7id  the  LOUD  will  be  my  Crod,  then  this  stone  cfec.        *  Hub.  ti/ted  up  his/eet. 


GENESIS. 


31 


they  said,  Of  Haran  are  we.  (5)  And  he 
said  unto  them,  Know  ye  Laban  the  son 
of  Nahor?  And  they  said.  We  know  him. 
(6)  And  he  said  unto  them.  Is  it  well  with 
him  ?  And  they  said.  It  is  well :  and,  be- 
hold, Rachel  his  daughter  cometh  with  the 
sheep.  (7)  And  he  said,  Lo,  it  is  yet 
high  day,  neither  is  it  time  that  the  cattle 
should  be  gathered  together  :  water  ye  the 
sheep,  and  go  and  feed  them.  (8)  And 
they  said.  We  cannot,  until  all  the  flocivs 
be  gathered  together,  and  they  roll  the 
stone  from  the  well's  mouth ;  then  we 
I  water  the  sheep.  (9)  While  he  yet  spake 
'^'  with  them,  Rachel  came  with  her  father's 
sheep;  for  she  kept  them.  (10)  And  it 
came  to  pass,  when  Jacob  saw  Rachel  the 
daughter  of  Laban  his  mother's  brother, 
and  the  sheep  of  Laban  his  mother's 
brother,  that  Jacob  went  near,  and  rolled 
the  stone  from  the  well's  mouth,  and  wa- 
tered the  flock  of  Laban  his  mother's 
brother.  (11)  And  Jacob  kissed  Rachel, 
and  lifted  up  his  voice,  and  wept.  (12) 
And  Jacob  told  Rachel  that  he  was  her 
father's  brother,  and  that  he  was  Rebek- 
ah's  son  :  and  she  ran  and  told  her  father. 
(13)  And  it  came  to  pass,  when  Laban 
heard  the  tidings  of  Jacob  his  sister's 
son,  that  he  ran  to  meet  him,  and  era- 
braced  him,  and  kissed  him,  and  brought 
him  to  his  house.  And  he  told  Laban  all 
these  things.  (14)  And  Laban  said  to 
him.  Surely  thou  art  my  bone  and  my 
flesh.  And  he  abode  with  him  the  space 
''^of  a  monthj  (15)  And  Laban  said  unto 
Jacob,  Because  thou  art  my  brother, 
shouldest  thou  therefore  serve  me  for 
nought?  tell  me,  what  shall  thy  wages  be? 
(16)  And  Laban  had  two  daughters :  the 
name  of  the  elder  was  Leah,  and  the  name 
of  the  younger  was  Rachel.  (17)  And 
Leah's  eyes  were  tender ;  but  Rachel  was 
beautiful  and  well  favoured.  (18)  And 
Jacob  loved  Rachel ;  and  he  said,  I  will 
serve   thee   seven   years   for   Rachel   thy 


}'0ungcr  daughter.  (19)  And  Laban  said. 
It  is  better  that  I  give  her  to  thee,  than 
that  I  should  give  her  to  another  man : 
abide  with  me.  (20)  And  Jacob  served 
seven  years  for  Rachel ;  and  they  seemed 
unto  him  but  a  few  days,  for  the  love  he 
had  to  her.  (21)  And  Jacob  said  unto 
Laban,  Give  me  my  wife,  for  my  days 
are  fulfilled,  that  I  may  go  in  unto  her. 
(22)  And  Laban  gathered  together  all  the 
men  of  the  place,  and  made  a  feast.  (23 ) 
And  it  came  to  pass  in  the  evening,  that 
he  took  Leah  his  daughter,  and  brought 
her  to  him  ;  and  he  went  in  unto  her. 
(2i)  And  Laban  gave  Zilpah  his  handmaid 
unto  bis  daughter  Leah  for  an  handmaid. 
(25)  And  it  came  to  pass  in  the  morning 
that,  behold,  it  was  Leah :  and  he  said  to 
Laban,  What  is  this  thou  hast  done  unto 
me  ?  did  not  I  serve  with  thee  for  Rachel  ? 
wherefore  then  hast  thou  beguiled  me? 
[(26)  And  Laban  said,  It  is  not  so  done  in 
our  place,  to  give  the  younger  before  the 
firstborn.  (27)  Fulfil  the  week  of  this  oue, 
and  we  will  give  thee  the  other  also  for 
the  service  which  thou  shalt  serve  with  me 
yet  seven  other  years.  (28)  And  Jacob 
did  so,  and  fulfilled  her  week  :/and  he 
gave  him  Rachel  his  daughter  to  wife.) 
(29)JAnd  Laban  gave  to  Rachel  his 
daughter  Bilhah  his  handmaid  to  be  her 
handmaid.  (30)  And  he  went  in  also 
unto  Rachel,  and  he  loved  also  Rachel 
more  than  Leah,  and  served  with  him  yet 
seven  other  years. 

(31)  And  the  Lord  saw  that  Leah  was  i 
hated,  and  he  opened  her  womb:  but 
Rachel  was  barren.  (32)  And  Leah  con- 
ceived, and  bare  a  son,  and  she  called  his 
name  Reuben :  for  she  said.  Because  the 
Lord  '  hath  looked  upon  my  affliction  ;  for 
now  my  husband  will  love  me.  (33)  And 
she  conceived  again,  and  bare  a  son  ;  and 
said,  Because  the  Lord  ^hath  heard  that  I 
am  hated,  he  hath  therefore  given  me  this 
son  also :  and  she  called  his  name  ^  Siui- 


Heb.  raah  beonyi.       '  Heb.  sAama.       »  Heb.  Shimeon. 


32 


GENESIS. 


eon.  (34)  And  she  conceived  again,  and 
bare  a  son  ;  and  said,  Now  this  time  will 
my  husband  be  '  joined  unto  me,  because 
I  have  borne  him  three  sons :  therefore 
was  his  name  called  Levi.  (35)  And  she 
conceived  again,  and  bare  a  son  :  and  she 
said,  This  time  will  I  -  praise  the  Lord  : 
therefore  she  called  his  name  ^  Judah  ;  and 
rshe  left  bearing 


/  ' — 30  Aud  when  Rachel  saw  that  she  bare 
Jacob  uo  children,  Rachel  envied  her  sis- 
ter ;  and  she  said  unto  Jacob,  Give  rae 
children,  or  else  I  die.  (2)  And  Jacob's 
anger  was  kindled  against  Rachel :  aud  he 
said,  Am  I  in  God's  stead,  who  hath  with- 
held from  thee  the  fruit  of  the  womb? 
(3)  Aud  she  said.  Behold  my  maid  Bilhah, 
go  in  unto  her ;  that  she  may  l)ear  upon 
rTny  knees,  aud  I  also  may  *  obtain  children 
/^  v^  by  her.  (4)  And  she  gave  him  Bilhah  her 
handmaid  to  wife  :  and  Jacob  went  in  unto 
her.  (5)  Aud  Bilhah  conceived,  aud  bare 
Jacob  a  son.  (6)  And  Rachel  said,  God 
hath  '  judged  me,  aud  hath  also  heard  my 
voice,  aud  hath  given  mo  a  son  :  therefore 
called  she  his  name  Dan.  (7)  And  Bilhah 
Rachel's  handmaid  conceived  again,  aud 
bare  Jacob  a  second  son.  (8)  Aud  Ra- 
chel said.  With  "  mighty  wrestlings  have  I 
'wrestled  with  my  sister,  aud  have  pre- 
vailed :  and  she  called  his  name  Naphtali. 
(9)  When  Leah  saw  that  she  had  left 
bearing,  she  took  Zilpah  her  handmaid, 
and  gave  her  to  Jacob  to  wife.  (10)  Aud 
Zilpah  Leah's  handmaid  bare  Jacob  a  sou. 
(11)  And  Leah  said,  *  Fortunate  !  aud  she 
called  his  name  'Gad.  (12)  Aud  Zilpah 
Leah's  handmaid  bare  Jacob  a  second  sou. 
(13)  And  Leah  said,  '"  Ilapp}^  am  1!  for 
the  daughters  will  "  call  me  happy  :  aud 
she  called  his  name  Asher.  (14)  Aud 
Reuben  went  iu  the  days  of  wheat  harvest, 
and  found  ^-mandrakes  iu  the  field,  and 
brought   them    unto     his     mother   Leah. 


Then    Rachel  said   to  Leah,  Give   me,  I 
pray  thee,  of  thy  son's  mandrakes.      (15) 
And  she  said  uuto  her.  Is  it  a  small  matter 
that  thou  hast  taken  away  my  husband  ? 
and  wouldest   thou  take   away  my  sou's 
mandrakes  also  ?    And  Rachel  said,  There- 
fore he  shall  lie  with  thee  to-uight  for  thy 
sou's  mandrakes.      (16)  Aud  Jacob  came 
from  the  field  in  the  evening,  aud  Leah 
went   out   to   meet  him,  aud   said.  Thou 
must  come  in  uuto  me  ;  for  I  have  surely 
hired  thee  with  my  sou's  mandrakes.     And      . 
he   lay  with   her  that   night.     (17)  Aud      y 
God  hearkened  uuto  Leah,  aud  she  con- 
ceived, and  bare  Jacob  a  fifth  sou.      (18) 
Aud  Leah  said,  God  hath  given  me  my 
"  hii-e,  because  I  gave  my  handmaid  to  my 
husband  :   and  she  called  his  name  Issa- 
char.      (19)   And   Leah  conceived  again, 
and  bare  a  sixth  son  to  Jacob.     (20)  Aud 
Leah  said,  God  hath  endowed  me  with  a 
good  dowry    now  will  my  husband  "  dwell 
with  me,  because  I  have  borne   him   six 
sons:    aud  she  called  his  name  Zilmlini. 
(21)  And  afterwards  she  bare  a  daughter,     ^^ 
and  called   her  name  Dinah.      (22)   Aud      , 
God  remembered  Rachel,  aud  God  heark- 
ened to  her,fiird  opened  her  womb.     (23)  L/ 
Aud  she  coiTCeived,  and  bare  a  soiiTl  and  ' 
said,  God  hath  taken  away  my  reproach : 
|J?4)  aud  she  called  his  name  Joseph,  saip~l 
ing,  The  Lord  '''add  to  me  another  son. 

(25)  Aud  it  came  to  pass,  when  Rachel 
had  borne  Joseph,  that  Jacob  said  uuto 
Labau,  Send  rae  awaj',  that  I  may  go  uuto 
miue  own  place,  aud  to  my  country.  (20)  "^^ 
Give  me  my  wives  and  my  children  for 
whom  I  have  served  thee,  and  let  me  go  : 
for  thou  kuowest  my  service  wherewith  I 
have  served  thee.  (27)  Aud  Labau  said  4.- 
uuto  him,  If  now  I  have  found  favour  in 
thiue  eyes,  taiTy :  for  I  have  divined  that 
the  Lord  hath  blessed  me  for  thy  sake. 
(2^)  And  he  sai<l,  Appoint  me  thy  wagv^. 


'  From  the  root  larah.       -  From  the  Heb.  hmJnh.       3  Heb.  JfhnfJah. 
he  judged.        ^  llcb.  jcrefttthig.-i  of  Ond,        ^  Heb.  jiiphtnt,  he  wvenUi^ti. 

Fortune  is  come.        "  That  ie,  Fortune.        **'  Heb.    IVith  j»r/  hap/iiue^fi !        "  Heb.  usher,  to  call  bappy. 
tove-appies,       *' Heb.  sacAui-.       **  Ileb.  sctfra/,  he  dwelt.        ^^  Heb.  Joseph. 


*  Heb.  he  buiMed  by  her. 
^  Heb.  With  fortune  !    Another  reading  it* 


'=  Or, 


GENESIS. 


33 


i 


and  I  will  give  it.  /  (29)  And  he  said  unto 
him,  Thou  knowest  how  I  have  served 
thee,  and  how  thy  cattle  hath  fared  with 
me.  (30)  For  it  was  little  which  thou 
hadst  before  I  came,  and  it  hath  '  in- 
creased unto  a  multitude ;  and  the  Lord 
hath  blessed  thee  '^  whithersoever  I  turned  : 
and  now  when  shall  I  provide  for  mine 
own  house  also?  (31)  And  he  said,  What 
shall  I  give  thee?  And  Jacob  said,  Thou 
shalt  not  give  me  aught :  if  thou  wilt  do 
this  thing  for  me,  I  will  again  feed  thy 
flock  and  keep  it.  (32)  I  will  pass  through 
all  thy  flock  to-day,  removing  from  thence 
every  speckled  and  spotted  one,  and  every 
black  one  among  the  sheep,  and  the 
spotted  and  speckled  among  the  goats : 
and  of  such  shall  be  my  hire.  (33)  So 
shall  my  righteousness  answer  for  me 
hereafter,  when  thou  shalt  come  concern- 
ing my  hire  that  is  before  thee  :  every  one 
that  is  not  speckled  and  spotted  among 
the  goats,  and  black  among  the  sheep, 
that  if  found  with  me  shall  be  counted 
stolen.  I  (34)  And  Laban  said.  Behold,  1 
would  it  might  be  according  to  th}-  word. 

(35)  And  he  removed  that  day  the  lie- 
goats  that  were  ringstraked  and  spotted, 
and  all  the  she-goats  that  were  speckled 
and  spotted,  every  one  that  had  white  in 
it,  and  all  the  black  ones  among  the  sheep, 
and  gave  them  into  the  hand  of  his  sons  ; 

(36)  and  he  set  thi-ee  days'  journey  be- 
twixt himself  and  Jacob :  and  Jacob  fed 
the  rest  of  Laban's  flocks.  (37)  And 
Jacob  took  him  rods  of  fresh  ^  poplar, 
and  of  the  almond  and  of  the  plane  tree  ; 
and  peeled  white  strakes  in  them,  and 
made  the  white  appear  which  was  in  the 
rods.  (38)  And  he  set  the  rods  which  he 
had  peeled  over  against  the  flocks  in  the 
sutlers  in  the  watering  troughs  where  the 
flocks  came  to  drink  ;  and  they  conceived 
when  they  came  to  drink.  \(39)  And  tlie 
floi^iis  conciix  f'd  before  the  rods,  and  the 
flocks  brought  forth  ringstraked,  speckled, 


and  spotted.  (40)  And  Jacob  separated 
the  lambs,  ^nd  set  the  faces  of  the  flocks 
toward  ^^  ringstraken  and  all  the  black 
in  the  flock  of  Laban  ;  (and  he  put  hisj^ 
own  droves  apart,  and  put  them  not  unto 
Laban's  flock.  (41)  And  it  came  to  pass, 
whensoever  the  stronger  of  the  flock  did 
conceive,  tiiat  Jacob  laid  the  rods  before 
the  eyes  of  the  flock  in  the  guttei-s.  that 
they  might  conceive  among  the  rods ; 
(42)  but  when  the  flock  were  feeble,  he 
put  them  not  in  :  so  the  feebler  were  La- 
ban's, and  the  stronger  Jacob's.  (43) 
And  the  man  increased  exceedingly,  and 
had  large  flocks,  and  maidservants  and 
menservants,  and  camels  and  asses. 

31  And  lie  heard  tiie  words  of  Laban's 
sons,  saying,  Jacob  hath  taken  away  all 
that  was  our  father's  ;  and  of  that  which 
was  our  father's  hath  he  gotten  all  this 

*  gloi'yrj  (2)  And  Jacob  beheld  the  coun- | 

teuance  of  Laban,  and,  behold,  it  was  not 
toward  him  as  beforetime.  ((3)  And  the  | 
Lord  said  unto  Jacob,  Return  unto  the 
land  of  thy  fathers,  and  to  thy  kindred ; 
and  I  will  be  with  thee.  ,  (4)  And  Jacobs, 
sent  and  called  Rachel  and  Leah  to  the 
field  unto  his  flock,  (5)  and  said  unto  them, 
I  see  your  father's  countenance,  that  it  is 
not  toward  me  as  beforetime  ;  but  the  God 
of  my  father  hath  been  with  me.  (6) 
And  ye  know  that  with  all  my  power  I 
have  served  your  father.  (7)  And  your 
father  hath  deceived  me,  and  changed  my 
wages  ten  times ;  but  God  suffered  him 
not  to  hurt  me.  (8)  If  he  said  thus.  The 
speckled  shall  be  thy  wages  ;  then  all  the 
flock  bare  speckled :  and  if  he  said  thus, 
The  ringstraked  shall  be  thy  wages  ;  then 
bare  all  the  flock  ringstraked.  (9)  Thus 
God  hath  taken  away  the  cattle  of  your 
father,  and  given  them  to  me.  |  (10)  And^ 
it  came  to  pass  at  the  time  thaTlhe  flock 
conceived,  that  I  lifted  up  mine  eyes,  and 
saw  in  a  dream,  and,  behold,  the  he-goats 
which  leaped  upon  the   flock  were   ring-v 


/^ 


< 


^  Heb.  broken  /orth*        *  Heb.  at  uiyjuvt.        *  Or,  storax.  tvtt.        *  Or,  wtaUlt. 


34 


GENESIS. 


(_strakecl,  speckled,  and  grisledj  (11)  And 
the  augol  of  God  said  unto  me  ia  the 
dream,  Jacob :  and  I  said.  Here  am  I. 
(12)  And  ho  said.  Lift  up  now  thine  e^-es, 
and  see,  all  the  he-goats  which  leap  upon 
the  flock  are  ringstraked,  speckled,  and 
grisled  :  [_for  I  liave  seen  all  that  Laban 
doeth  unto  theeT/  (13)  I  am  the  God  of 
Beth-el,  where  thou  anointedst  a  pillar, 
where  thou  vowedst  a  vow  unto  me  :  now 
arise,  get  thee  out  from  this  land,  and  re- 
turn unto  the  land  of  thy  nativity.  (14) 
And  Rachel  and  Leah  answered  and  said 
unto  him.  Is  there  yet  any  portion  or 
inheritance  for  us  in  our  father's  house? 
(15)  Are  we  not  counted  of  him  strangers? 
for  he  hath  sold  us,  aud  hath  also  quite 
devoured  'our  money.  (16)  For  all  the 
riches  which  God  hath  taken  away  from 
our  fiither,  that  is  ours  and  our  children's  : 
now  then,  whatsoever  God  hath  said  unto 
thee,  do.  I  (17)  Then  Jacob  rose  up,  and 
set  his  sous  and  his  wives  upon  the  camels  ; 

(18)  and  he  carried  away  all  his  cattlej 
and  all  his  substance  which  he  had  gath- 
ered, the  cattle  of  his  getting,  which  he 
had  gathered  in  Paddan-aram,  for  to  go  to 
Isaac  liis  father  unto  the  land  of  Canaan. 

(19)  Now  Laban  was  gone  to  shear  iiis 
sheei) :  and  Eachel  stole  the  °  teraphim 
that  were  her  father's.  (20)  And  Jacob 
*  stole  away  unawares  to  Laban  the  Syrian, 
in  that  he  told  him  not  that  he  fled.  (21 ) 
So  he  fled  witii  all  tliat  he  had  :  and  he 
rose  up,  and  passed  over  *  the  River,  and 
set  his  face  toward  the  mountain  of 
Gilead. 

(22)  And  it  was  told  Labau  on  the  third 
day  that  Jacob  was  fled.  (23)  And  he 
took  his  brethren  with  him,  and  pursued 
after  him  seven  days'  journey ;  and  he 
overtook  him  in  the  mountain  of  Gilead. 
(24)  And  God  came  to  Labau  the  Syrian 
in  a  dream  of  the  night,  and  said  unto 
him,  Take  heed  to  thyself  that  thou  speak 


not  to  Jacol)  either  good  or  b.ad.  (25) 
And  Laban  came  up  with  Jacob.  Now'^'' 
Jacob  had  pitched  his  tent  in  the  moun- 
tain :  and  Laban  with  his  brethren  pitched 
in  the  mountain  of  Gilead.  (26)  And_J' 
Laban  said  to  Jacob,  What  hast  thou 
done,  that  thou  hast  stolen  away  unawares 
to  me,  and  carried  awaj-  my  daughters  as 
captives  of  the  sword?  (27)  Wherefore""] 
didst  thou  flee  secretly,  and  ^  steal  away 
from  me ;  and  didst  not  tell  me,  that  I 
might  have  sent  thee  away  with  mirth 
^nd  with  songs,  with  tabret  and  with  harpjj/^ 
(28)  and  h.ist  not  suffered  me  to  kiss  my 
sons  and  my  daughters?  now  h.ast  thou 
done  foolishly.  (29)  It  is  in  the  power 
of  my  hand  to  do  jou  hurt :  but  the  God  of 
your  father  spake  unto  me  yesternight, 
saying.  Take  heed  to  thyself  that  thou 
speak  not  to  Jacob  either  good  or  bad. 
(30)  And  now,  thonrjh  thou  wouldest  needs 
be  gone,  because  thou  sore  longedst  after 
thy  father's  house,  yet  wherefore  hast  thou 
stolei?  my  gods?  |_[31)  And  Jacob  an-' 
swered  and  said  to  Laban,  Because  I  was 
afraid :  for  I  said.  Lest  thou  shouldest 
take  thy  daughters  from  me  by  forceH 
(32)  With  whomsoever  thou  fiudest  thy 
gods,  he  shall  not  live  :  before  our  breth- 
ren discern  thou  what  is  thine  with  me, 
and  take  it  to  thee.  For  Jacob  knew  not 
that  Rachel  h.ad  stolen  them.  (33)  And 
Laban  went  into  Jacob's  tent,  and  into 
Le.ah's  tent,  and  into  the  tent  of  the  two 
maidservants ;  but  he  found  th€m  not. 
And  he  went  out  of  Leah's  tent,  and  en- 
tered into  Rachel's  tent.  (34)  Now  Ra- 
chel had  taken  the  teraphim,  and  put  them 
in  the  carael's  furniture,  aud  sat  upon 
them.  And  Laban  felt  about  all  the  tent, 
but  found  them  not.  (35)  And  she  said 
to  her  father.  Let  not  my  lord  be  angry 
that  I  cannot  rise  up  before  thee  ;  for  the 
manner  of  women  is  upon  me.  And  he 
searched,    but   found   not   the    teraphim. 


'  Or,  the  price  paid /or  us.      »  See  vv.  30,  34,  Judg.  ivii.  5,  1  Sara.  xlx.  13,  and  Hus.  ill.  4. 
u/  Labtin  the  Aramean.        *  That  ia,  the  Euphralea.        ^  Heb.  didst  stent  me. 


3  Heb.  stole  the  heart 


GENESTS. 


35 


(36)  And  Jacob  was  wroth,  and  chode 
with  Laban  :  and  Jacob  answered  and  said 
to  Laban,  What  is  my  trespass?  what  is 
my  sin,  that  thou  hast  hotly  pursued  after 
me?  (37)  AVhereas  thou  hast  felt  about 
all  my  stuff,  what  hast  thou  found  of  all 
thy  household  stuff?  Set  it  here  before 
my  brethren  and  thy  brethren,  that  the}' 
may  judge  betwixt  us  two.  (38)  This 
twenty  years  have  I  been  with  thee ;  thy 
ewes  and  thy  she-goats  liave  not  cast  their 
young,  and  the  rams  of  thy  flocks  have  I 
not  eaten.  (39)  That  which  was  torn  of 
beasts  I  brought  not  unto  thee  ;  I  bare  the 
loss  of  it ;  of  my  hand  didst  thou  require 
it,  whether  stolen  by  day  or  stolen  b}- 
night.  (40)  Thus  I  was ;  in  the  day  the 
drought  consumed  me,  and  the  frost  !)}• 
night ;  and  my  sleep  fled  from  mine  eyes. 
(41)  These  twenty  years  have  I  been  in 
thy  house ;  I  served  thee  fourteen  years 
for  thy  two  daughters,  and  six  years  for 
thy  flock  :  and  thou  hast  changed  my  wages 
ten  times.  (42)  Except  the  God  of  my 
father,  the  God  of  Abraham,  and  the  Fear 
of  Isaac,  had  been  with  me,  surely  now 
hadst  thou  sent  me  away  empty.  God 
hath  seen  mine  affliction  and  the  labour  of 
my  hands,  and  rebuked  thee  yesternight. 

1(43)  And  Laban  answered  and  said  unto 

Hjacob,  The  daughters  are  my  daughters, 
and  the  children  are  my  children,  and  the 
flocks  are  my  flocks,  and  all  that  thou  seest 
is  mine  :  and  what  can  I  do  this  day  unto 
these  my  daughters,  or  unto  their  children 
which  they  have  borne?  (44)  And  now 
come,  let  us  make  a  covenant,  I  and  thou  ; 
and  let  it  be  for  a  witness  between  me  and 
A^JtheeH   (45)  And  Jacob  took  a  stone,  and 

j  set  it  up  for  a  pillar.  [(46)  And  Jacob 
said  unto  his  brethren,  Gather  stones  ;  and 
they  took  stones,  and  made  an  heap  :  and 

!  they  did  eat  there  ^by  the  heap.N  (47) 
And  Laban  called  it  *  Jegar-sahadutlia  ; 
but  Jacob  called  it  =Galeed.      (48)  And 


Laban  said,  This  heap  is  witness  between 
me  and  thee  this  day.  I  iitni.  iv  \', --  ;  c 
name  of  it  called  Galeed :  (49)  and  '  Miz- 
pah,  for  he  said.  The  Lokd  walcli  iM-tuci'n 
me  and  thee,  when  we  are  *  absent  one 
from  another.  (50)  If  thou  shalt  afflict] 
my  daughters,  and  if  thou  shalt  take  wives  I  '^'■ 
beside  my  daughters,  no  man  is  with  us ; 
see,  ttuil  is  witness  betwixt  me  and  theeT 
(51)  And  Laban  said  to  Jacob,  Behold 
this  heap,  and  bclioM  tlu>  pillai .  which  I 
have  set  betwixt  me  and  thee.  (52)  This 
heap  be  witness,  ■iH'l  Uu_-  |(i)::ir  >••  v  ::  ■,.  -j. 
that  I  will  not  pass  over  this  heap  to  thee, 
and  that  thou  shalt  not  pass  over  this 
heap  uiKi  tlii.s  pillar  unto  me,  for  harm. 
(53)  The  God  of  Abraham,  and  the  God 
of  Nahor,  the  °God  of  their  father,  judge 
betwixt  us.  And  Jacob  sware  by  the 
Fear  of  his  father  Isaac.  (54)  And  Jacob 
offered  a  sacrifice  in  the  mountain,  and 
called  his  brethren  to  eat  bread  :  and  they 
did  eat  bread,  and  tarried  all  night  in  the 
mountain.  (55)  ®  And  early  in  the  morn- 
ing Laban  rose  up,  and  kissed  his  sons 
and  his  daughters,  and  blessed  them  :  and 
Laban  departed,  and  returned  unto  his 
place.  32  And  .Jacob  went  on  his  way, 
and  the  angels  of  God  met  him.  (2)  And 
Jacob  said  when  he  saw  them,  This  is 
God's  host :  and  he  called  the  name  of 
that  place  'Mahanaim. 

/  (3)  And  Jacob  sent  messengers  before  j 
him  to  Esau  his  brother  unto  the  land  of  ^ 
Sen;  the  field  of  Edom.  (4)  And  he  com- 
manded them,  saying.  Thus  shall  ye  say 
unto  my  lord  Esau ;  Thus  saith  thy  ser- 
vant Jacob,  I  have  sojourned  witii  Laban, 
and  stayed  until  now:  (5)  and  I  have 
oxen,  and  asses  aiid  flocks,  and  menser- 
vants  and  maidservants  :  and  I  have  sent 
to  tell  my  lord,  that  I  may  find  grace  in 
thy  sight.  (6)  And  the  messengers  re- 
turned to  Jacob,  saying,  We  came  to  thy 


*  That  is,  The  heap  o/  loitnefis,  in  Aramaic.       *  That  Ifl,  The  heap  of  witness,  in  Hebrew.       s  That  ie,  The  watch- 
tower,        *  Ueb.  hidden.        ^  Or,  gods.        ^  lu  Heb.  ch.  xxxii.  begins  here.        '  That  is,  Hosts,  or,  Companies. 


36 


GENESIS. 


lirother  Esau,  and  moreover  he  cometh  to 
meet  thee,  and  four  hundred  men  with  liim. 
(7)  Then  Jacob  was  greatly  afraid  and 
^  was  distressedTjand  he  divided  the  people 
that  was  with  hira,  and  the  flocks,  and 
the  herds,  and  the  camels,  into  two  com- 
panies ;  (8)  and  he  said,  If  Esau  come 
to  the  one  company,  and  smite  it,  then 
the  company  which  is  left  shall  escape. 
(9)  And  Jacob  said,  O  God  of  my  father 
Abraham,  and  God  of  my  father  Isaac, 

0  LoKu,  which  saidst  unto  me,  Return 
unto  thy  countrj-,  and  to  thj-  kindred,  and 

1  will  do  thee  good  :  (10)  ^I  am  not  worthy 
of  the  least  of  all  the  mercies,  and  of  all 
tiie  truth,  which  thou  hast  shewed  unto 
tliy  servant ;  for  with  my  staff  I  passed 
over  this  Jordan  ;  and  now  I  am  become 
two  companies.  (11)  Deliver  me,  I  pray 
thee,  from  the  hand  of  my  brother,  from 
the  hand  of  Esau  :  for  I  fear  hira,  lest  he 
come  and  smite  me,  the  mother  with  the 
children.  (12)  And  thou  saidst,  I  will 
surely  do  thee  good,  and  make  thy  seed 
as  the  sand  of  the  sea,  which  cannot  be 
numbered    for  multitude.      (13)  And    he 

PTbdged  there  that  night ;  [and  took  of  that 
^^^  which  he  had  with  him  a  present  for  Esau 
his  brother;  (14)  two  hundred  she-goats 
and  twent3'  he-goats,  two  hundred  ewes 
and  twenty  rams,  (15)  thirty  milch  camels 
and  their  colts,  forty  kiue  and  ten  bulls, 
twenty  she-asses  and  ten  foals.  (16)  And 
he  delivered  them  into  the  hand  of  his 
servants,  every  drove  by  itself  ;  and  said 
unto  his  servants.  Pass  over  before  me, 
and  put  a  space  betwixt  drove  and  drove. 
(17)  And  he  commanded  the  foremost, 
saying,  When  Esau  my  brother  mccteth 
thee,  and  asketh  thee,  saying,  Whose  art 
thou  ?  and  whither  goest  thou  ?  and  whose 
\ '  are  these  before  thee?  (18)  then  thou 
shalt  say,  They  be  thy  servant  Jacob's ; 
it  is  a  present  sent  unto  my  lord  Esau  : 
and,  behold,  he  also  is  behind  us.      (19) 


^|/ 


And  he  commanded  also  the  second,  and 
the  third,  and  all  that  followed  the  droves, , 
saying.  On  this  manner  shall  ye  speak  unto; 
pysau,  when  ye  find  him ;  (20)  and  ye  shall | 
say.  Moreover,  behold,  thy  servant  Jacob 
is  behind  us.  For  he  said,  1  will  appease 
him  with  the  present  that  goeth  before  me, 
and  afterward  I  will  see  his  face  ;  perad- 
veuturc  he  will  accept  me.  (21)  So  the 
present  passed  over  before  him :  and  he 
iiimself  lodged  that  night  in  the  corapanj'. 

(22)  And  he  rose  up  that   night,  and  ^ 
took   his    two  wiveslj  and    his  two  hand-   .\ 
maids,  and  his  eleven  children,  and  passed 
over  the  ford  of  Jabbok.     (23)  And  he 
took  them, (and  sent  them  over  the  stream^    j 
and  sent  oveTthat  he  had.    (24)  And  Jacob  ^ 
was  left  alone  ;  and  there  wrestled  a  man 
with  him  until  the  breaking  of  the  day. 

(25)  And  when  he  saw  that  he  prevailed 
not  against  him,  he  touched  the  hollow  of 
his  thigh  ;  and  the  hollow  of  Jacob's  thigh 
was   strained,  as   he  wrestled  with   him. 

(26)  And  he  said.  Let  me  go,  for  the  day 
breaketh.  And  he  said,  I  will  not  let  thee 
go,  except  thou  bless  me.  (27)  And  he 
said  unto  him,  What  is  thj'  name?  And 
he  said,  Jacob.  (28)  And  he  said.  Thy 
name  shall  be  called  no  more  Jacob,  but 
^  Israel :  for  °  thou  hast  ■*  striven  with  God 
and  zvith  men,  and  hast  prevailed.  (29) 
And  Jacob  asked  him,  and  said.  Tell  me, 
I  pray  thee,  thy  name.  And  he  said. 
Wherefore  is  it  that  thou  dost  ask  after 
my  name?  And  he  blessed  him  there. /j> 
(30)  And  Jacob  called  the  name  of  the 
place  ^  Peniel :  for,  said  he,  I  have  seen 
God  face  to  face,  and  my  life  is  preserved. 
h31)  And  the  sun  rose  upon  him  as  he) 
passed  over  Penuel,  and  he  halted  upon  ' 
his  thigh.  (32)  Therefore  the  children  of 
Israel  eat  not  the  sinew  of  the  hip  which 

is  upon  the  hollow  of  the  thigh,  unto  this 
day;  because  he  touched  the  hollow  of 
Jacob's  thigh  in  the  sinew  of  the  hip.  r 


'  Heb.  ium  lrnn  t/uai  all  <(-c.  -  That  in,  //<■  irlu)  striveth  ii-it/i  tiod,  or,  God  atriveth,  3  'I'he  Sept.  and  Vulgate 
hive,  t/imi  hast  had  power  with  Ood,  and  thou  shaU  prevail  againat  men.  *  Ot,  had  power  with.  '  That  is,  The 
face  of  Qod. 


GENESIS. 


37 


33  And  Jacob  lifted  up  his  eyes,  and 
looked,  and,  behold,  Esau  came,  and  with 
him  four  hundred  men.  And  he  divided 
the  children  unto  Leah,  and  unto  Rachel, 
aud  unto  the  two  handmaids.  (2)  And 
he  put  the  handmaids  aud  their  children 
foremost,  and  Leah  and  her  children  after, 
and  Rachel  aud  Joseph  hindermost.  (3) 
And  he  himself  passed  over  before  them, 
and  bowed  himself  to  the  ground  seven 
times,  until  he  came  near  to  his  brother. 
(4)  And  Esau  ran  to  meet  him,  and  em- 
braced him,  and  fell  on  his  neck,  and 
kissed  him :  and  they  wept.  (5)  And  he 
lifted  up  his  eyes,  and  saw  the  women  and 
the  children  ;  aud  said.  Who  are  these  with 
thee?  And  he  said,  The  children  which 
God  hath  graciously  given  thy  servant. 
(6)  Then  the  handmaids  came  uear,  they 
and  their  children,  and  they  bowed  them- 
selves. (7)  Aud  Leah  also  aud  her  chil- 
dren came  near,  and  bowed  themselves : 
and  after  came  Joseph  uear  and  Rachel, 
and  they  bowed  themselves.  (8)  And  he 
said.  What  meauest  thou  by  all  this  com- 
pany which  I  met?  Aud  he  said,  To  find 
grace  in  the  sight  of  my  lord.  (9)  And 
Esau  said,  I  have  enough ;  my  brother,  let 
that  thou  hast  be  thiue.  (10)  Aud  Jacob 
said,  Nay,  I  pray  thee,  if  now  I  have  found 
grace  in  tliy  sight,  then  receive  my  preseut 
at  my  hand :  ^  forasmuch  as  I  have  seen 
thy  face,  as  one  seeth  the  face  of  God, 
and  thou  wast  pleased  with  me.  (11) 
Take,  I  pray  thee,  my "  gift  that  is  brought 
to  thee  ;  because  God  hath  dealt  gracious- 
ly with  me,  and  because  I  have  ^  enough. 
And  he  urged  him,  and  he  took  it.  (12) 
And  he  said,  Let  us  take  our  journey,  and 
let  us  go,  and  I  will  go  before  thee.  (13) 
And  he  said  unto  him,  My  lord  knoweth 
that  the  children  are  tender,  aud  that  the 
flocks  and  herds  with  me  give  suck :  and 
if  they  overdrive  them  one  day,  all  the 
flocks  will  die.     (14)  Let  my  lord,  I  pray 


thee,  pass  over  before  his  servant :  and  I 
will  lead  on  softly,  according  to  the  pace 
of  the  cattle  that  is  before  me  and  accord- 
ing to  the  pace  of  the  children,  until  I 
come  unto  my  lord  unto  Seir.  (15)  And 
Esau  said,  Let  me  now  leave  with  thee 
some  of  the  folk  that  are  with  me.  And 
he  said,  What  needeth  it?  let  me  find 
grace  in  the  sight  of  my  lord.  (16)  So 
Esau  returned  that  day  on  his  way  unto 
Seir.  (17)  And  Jacob  journeyed  to  Suc- 
coth,  and  built  him  an  house,  and  made 
booths  for  his  cattle :  therefore  the  name  /  , 
of  the  place  is  called  ^Succoth.  J 

(18)  And  Jacob  came  ^  in  peace  to  the 
city  of  Shechem,  which  is  in  the  land  of 
Canaan,  when  he  came  from  Paddan-aram  ; 
and  encamped  before  the  city.  (19)  And 
he  bought  the  parcel  of  ground,  where  he 
had  spread  his  tent,  at  the  hand  of  the 
children  of  Hamor,  Shechem's  father,  for 
an  hundred  ^  pieces  of  money.  (20)  And 
he  erected  there  an  altar,  and  called  it 
'  El-elohe-Israel, 

34  And  Dinah  the  daughter  of  Leah,     ^ 
which  she  bare  unto  Jacob,  went  outfto  see  , 
the  daughters  of  the  landJ     (2)  And  She- 
chem the  son  of   Hamor  the  Hivite,  the 
prince  of  the  land,  saw  her ;  jaiid  he  took 
her,  and  lay  with  her,  and  humbled  her. 

(3)  Aud  his  soul  clave  unto  Diuah  the    - 
daughter  of  Jacob, [and  he  loved  the  dam-  , 
sel,'^iicl  spake  Tindlj'  unto  the  damsel.^ 

(4)  And  Shechem  spake  unto  his  father 
Hamor,  saying,  Get  mc  this  damsel  to  wife. 

{(5)  Now  Jacob  heard  that  he  had  defiled  I 
Dinah  his  daughter ;  and  his  sons  were  with  ^* 
his  cattle  in  the  field  :  and  Jacob  held  his 
peace  until  they  came.     (6)  And  Hamor 
the  father  of  Shechem  went  out  unto  Jacob 
to  commune  with  him.   j  (7)  And  the  sonsl 
of  Jacob  came  in  from  the  field  when  they  ^^ 
heard  it :  and  the  men  were  grieved,  and 
they   were   very  wroth,  because   he   had 
wrought  folly  in  Israel  in  lying  with  Ja- 


'  Or, /or  therefore  have  I  seen.       '  Beb.  blessing.       '  Heb.  all.       t  TbM  is.  Booths.       '  Or,  to  Shalem,  a  cit^, 
«  Heb.  kesitah.       '  That  is,  God,  the  Qod  of  Israel.       »  Heb.  to  the  heart  of  the  damsel. 


38 


GENESIS. 


cob's  daughter ;  which  thiug  ought  not  to 
''hbedone.  (^)  And  Hamor eouimuucd  with 
them,  saying,  The  soul  of  my  son  Shcchcm 
longeth  for  your  daughter  :  I  pray  you  give 
her  unto  him  to  wife.  (9)  And  make  ye 
marriages  with  us ;  give  your  daughters 
unto  us,  and  take  our  daughters  unto  you. 
(10)  And  ye  shall  dwell  with  us :  and  the 
land  shall  l)e  before  you  :  dwell  and  tr.ade 
ye  therein,  and  get  you  possessions  there- 
I  in.  1(11)  And  Shechem  said  unto  her 
I  father  and  unto  her  brethren,  Let  me  find 
grace  in  your  eyes,  and  what  ye  shall  say 
unto  me  I  will  give.  (12)  Ask  me  never  so 
much  dowry  and  gift,  and  I  will  give  ac- 
cording as  ye  shall  say  unto  me  :  but  give 
me  the  damsel  to  wife.  (13)  And  the  .sons 
of  Jacob  answered  Shechem  and  Hamor 
his  father  with  guile,  and  spake,  Jiecause 
he  had  defiled  Dinah  their  sister,  (14)  and 
said  unto  them.  We  cannot  do  this  thing, 
to  give  our  sister  to  one  that  is  uncircum- 
cised  ;  for  that  were  a  reproach  unto  us  : 
(15)  only  on  this  condition  will  we  consent 
unto  you :  if  ye  will  be  as  we  be,  that 
every  male  of  you  be  circumcised;  (16) 
then  will  we  give  our  daughters  unto  you, 
and  we  will  take  your  daughters  to  us,  and 
we  will  dwell  with  you,  and  we  will  become 
one  people.  (17)  But  if  ye  will  not  heark- 
en unto  us,  to  be  circumcised  ;  then  will  we 
take  our  daughter,  and  we  will  be  gone. 
(18)  And  their  words  pleased  Ilainor,  and 
Shechem  Hamor's  son.  [(19)  And  the 
young  man  deferred  not  to  do  the  thing, 
because  he  had  delight  in  .Jacob's  daugh- 
ter :  and  he  was  honoured  above  all  the 
house  of  his  fathei^J  (20)  And  Hamor 
and  Shechem  his  son  came  unto  the  gate 
of  their  city,  and  communed  with  the  men 
of  their  city,  saying,  (21)  These  men  are 
peaceable  with  us  ;  therefore  let  them  dwell 
in  the  land,  and  trade  therein  ;  for,  behold, 
the  land  is  large  enough  for  them ;  let  us 
take  their  daughters  to  us  for  wives,  and 
let  us  give  them  our  daughters.     (22)  Only 


7 


on  this  condition  will  the  men  consent  unto 
us  to  dwell  with  us,  to  become  one  people, 
if  every  male  among  us  be  circumcised,  as 
they  are  circumcised.  (23)  Shall  not  their 
cattle  and  their  substance  and  all  their 
beasts  be  ours?  only  let  us  consent  unto 
them,  and  they  will  dwell  with  us.  (24) 
And  unto  Hamor  and  unto  Shechem  his 
son  hearkened  all  that  went  out  of  the  gate 
of  his  city ;  and  every  male  was  circum- 
cised, all  that  went  out  of  the  gate  of  his 
city.  (25)  And  it  came  to  pass  on  the 
third  day,  when  they  were  sore,  that  two 
of  the  sons  of  Jacob,  Simeon  and  Levi, 
Dinah's  brethren,  took  each  man  his  sword, 
and  came  upon  the  city  '  unawares,  and 
slew  all  the  males.  1(26)  And  they  slew 
Hamor  and  Shechem  ms  son  with  the  edge 
of  the  sword,  and  took  Dinah  out  of  She- 
chem's  house,  and  went  forth.,  (27)  The  j 
sons  of  Jacob  came  upon  ffie  slain,  and 
spoiled  the  city,  because  they  had  defiled 
their  sister.  (28)  They  took  their  flocks  ■, 
and  their  herds  and  their  asses,  and  that 
which  was  in  the  city,  and  that  which  was 
in  the  field  ;  (29)  and  all  their  wealth,|and  I 
all  their  little  ones  and  their  wives,  tooky" 
they  captive  and  spoiled,  even  all  that  was 
in  the  liouse.  (30)  And  Jacob  said  to 
Simeon  and  Levi,  Ye  have  troubled  me, 
to  make  me  to  stink  among  the  inhabitants 
of  the  land,  among  the  Canaanites  and  the 
Perizzites  :  and,  I  being  few  in  number, 
they  will  gather  themselves  together  against 
me  and  smite  me  ;  and  I  shall  be  destroj'ed, 
I  and  my  house.  (31)  And  they  said. 
Should  he  deal  with  our  sister  as  with  an'V 
harlot^ 

35  And  God  said  unto  Jacob,  Arise, 
go  up  to  Beth-el,  and  dwell  there :  and 
make  there  an  altar  unto  God,  who  ap- 
peared unto  thee  when  thou  fleddest  from 
the  face  of  Esau  thy  brother.  (2)  Then 
Jacob  said  unto  his  household,  and  to  all 
that  were  with  him.  Put  away  the  strange 
gods  that  are  among  you,  and  purify  your- 


< 


»  Or,  bolUli/. 


GENESIS. 


39 


selves,  and  change  your  garments :  (3) 
and  let  us  arise,  and  go  up  to  Beth-el ;  and 
I  will  make  there  an  altar  unto  God,  who 
answered  me  in  the  day  of  my  distress, 
and  was  with  me  in  the  way  which  I  went. 
(4)  And  they  gave  unto  Jacob  all  the 
strange  gods  which  were  in  their  hand, 
and  the  rings  which  were  in  their  ears ; 
and  Jacob  hid  them  under  the  '  oak  which 
was  by  Shechem.  (5)  And  they  jour- 
neyed :  and  -  a  great  terror  was  upon  the 
cities  that  were  round  about  them,  and 
the}-  did  not  pursue  after  the  sons  of 
Jacob.  (6)  So  Jacob  came  to  Luz,  which 
is  in  the  land  of  Canaan  (the  same  is 
Beth-el),  he  and  all  the  people  that  were 
with  him.  (7)  And  he  built  there  an  altar, 
and  called  the  place  ^  El-beth-el :  because 
there  God  was  revealed  unto  him,  when 
he  fled  from  the  face  of  his  brother.  (8) 
And  Deborah  Rebekah's  nurse  died,  and 
she  was  buried  below  Beth-el  under  the 
oak :  and  the  name  of  it  was  called  *  Al- 
lon-bacuth. 

(9)  And  Grod  appeared  unto  Jacob 
again,  when  he  came  from  Paddan-aram, 
and  blessed  him.  (10)  And  God  said  un- 
to him.  Thy  name  is  Jacob :  thy  name 
shall  not  be  called  any  more  Jacob,  but 
Israel  shall  be  thj*  name :  and  he  called 
his  name  Israel.  (11)  And  God  said  unto 
him,  I  am  '  God  Almighty :  be  fruitful 
and  multiply  ;  a  nation  and  a  company  of 
nations  shall  be  of  thee,  and  kings  shall 
come  out  of  thy  loins ;  (12)  and  the  land 
which  I  gave  unto  Abraham  and  Isaac,  to 
„  thee  I  will  give  it,  and  to  thy  seed  after 
,  thee  will  I  give  the  land.  (13)  And  God 
went  up  from  him  in  the  place  where  he 
spake  with  him.    I  (I'l)  And  Jacob  set  up 


a  pillar  in  the  place  where  he  spake  with 
him,  a  pillar  of  stone  :  and  he  poured  out 
a  drink  offering  thereon,  and  poured  oil 
thereon.  |(15)  And  Jacob  called  the  name 


of  the  place  where  God  spake  with  him, 
Beth-el.  (16)  And  they  journej'ed  from  L 
Beth-el ;  and  there  was  still  some  way  to 
come  to  Ephrath :  and  Eachel  travailed, 
and  she  had  hard  labour.  (17)  And  it 
came  to  pass,  when  she  was  in  hard  la- 
bour, that  the  midwife  said  unto  her.  Fear 
not ;  for  now  thou  shalt  have  another  son. 
(18)  And  it  came  to  pass,  as  her  soul  was 
in  departing  (for  she  died) ,  that  she  called 
his  name  ^  Beu-oni :  but  his  father  called 
him  '  Benjamin.  (19)  And  Rachel  died, 
and  was  buried  in  the  way  to  Ephrath 
(the  same  is  Bcth-lehem).  (20)  And  Ja- 
cob set  up  a  pillar  upon  her  grave  :  the 
same  is  the  Pillar  of  Rachel's  grave  unto 
this  day.  (21)  And  Israel  journej'ed,  and 
spread  his  tent  beyond  the  tower  of  Eder. 

(22)  And  it  came  to^  pass,  while  Israel 
dwelt  in  that  laucQthat  Reuben  went  an(J_i 
lay  with  Bilhali   uis  father's    concubine: 
and  Israel  heard  of  it. 

Now  the  sons  of  Jacob  were  twelve : 

(23)  the  sons  of  Leah ;  Reuben,  Jacob's 
firstborn,  and  Simeon,  and  Levi,  and  Ju- 
dah,  and  Issachar,  and  Zebulun :  (24) 
the  sons  of  Rachel ;  Joseph  and  Benja- 
min :  (2.5)  and  the  sons  of  Bilhah,  Ra- 
chel's handmaid ;  Dan  and  Naphtali : 
(26)  and  the  sous  of  Zilpah,  Leah's  hand- 
maid ;  Gad  and  Asher :  these  are  the  sons 
of  Jacob,  which  were  born  to  him  in  Pad- 
dan-aram. (27)  And  Jacob  came  unto 
Isaac  his  father  to  Marare,  to  Kiriath- 
arba  (the  same  is  Hebron),  where  Abraham 
and  Isaac  sojourned.  (28)  And  the  days 
of  Isaac  were  an  hundred  and  fourscore 
years.  (29)  And  Isaac  gave  up  the  ghost, 
and  died,  and  was  gathered  unto  his  peo- 
ple, old  and  full  of  days :  and  Esau  and 
Jacob  his  sons  buried  him. 

36  Now  these  are  the  generations  of 
Esau  (the  same  is  Edom).  (2)  Esau  took 
his  wives  of  the  daughters  of  Canaan  ; 
Adah  the   daughter  of  Elon  the  Hittite, 


'  Or,  terebintk.        '  Heb. 
ing.        «  Heb  Et  Shaddai. 


a  terror  of  nod.         '"  That  19,   The   God  of  BHh-el.        <  That  i§.   The  oak  of  weep. 
6  That  ifl,  Tht  mn  v/  my  sorrow.       '  That  le,  The  son  of  the  right  hand. 


40 


GENESIS. 


ami  Oliolibamah  the  daughter  of  Auali, 
the  '  daughter  of  Zibcon  the  Hivitc ;  (3) 
and  Baseiiiath  Islimael's  daughter,  sister 
of  Ncbaioth.  (4)  And  Adah  bare  to 
Esau  Eliphaz  ;  and  Basemath  bare  Keuel ; 
(5)  and  Oholibamah  bare  Jeusb,  and 
Jalam,  and  Korah :  these  are  the  sons  of 
Esau,  whieli  were  born  unto  him  in  the 
laud  of  Canaan.  (6)  And  Esau  took  his 
wives,  and  his  sons,  and  his  daughters, 
and  all  the  souls  of  his  house,  and  his  cat- 
tle, and  all  his  beasts,  and  all  his  posses- 
sions, which  he  had  gathered  in  the  land 
of  Canaan  ;  and  went  into  a  land  away 
from  his  brother  Jacob.  (7)  For  their 
substance  was  too  great  for  them  to  dwell 
together ;  and  the  land  of  their  sojourn- 
ings  could  not  bear  them  because  of  their 
cattle.  (8)  And  Esau  dwelt  in  mount 
Seir :  Esau  is  Edom.  (9)  And  these  are 
the  generations  of  Esau  the  father  of  "  the 
Edomites  in  mount  Seir :  (10)  these  are 
the  names  of  Esau's  sons ;  Eliphaz  the 
son  of  Adah  the  wife  of  Esau,  Reuel  the 
son  of  Basemath  the  wife  of  Esau.  (11) 
And  the  sous  of  Eliphaz  were  Teraan, 
Omar,  'Zepho,  and  Gatam,  and  Kenaz. 
(12)  And  Timna  was  concubine  to  Eli- 
phaz P^sau's  son  ;  and  she  bare  to  Elipliaz 
Amalek :  these  are  the  sons  of  Adah 
Esau's  wife.  (13)  And  these  are  the  sons 
of  Reuel ;  Nahath,  and  Zerah,  Shammah, 
and  Mizzah :  these  were  the  sons  of  Base- 
math  Esau's  wife.  (14)  And  these  were 
the  sons  of  Oholibamah  the  daugliter  of 
Anah,  the  daughter  of  Zibeon,  Esau's 
wife:  and  she  bare  to  Esau  Jeusb,  and 
Jalam,  and  Korah.  (15)  These  are  the 
*  dukes  of  the  sons  of  Esau :  the  sous  of 
Eliphaz  the  firstborn  of  Esau ;  duke  Te- 
mau,  duke  Omar,  duke  Zepho,  duke  Ke- 
naz, (16)  duke  Korah,  duke  Gatam,  duke 
Amalek :  these  are  the  dukes  that  came 
of  Eliphaz  in  the  land  of  Edom ;  these 
nrc  the  sons  of  Adah.     (17)  And  these 


1  Some  aticu'iit  aiuhorities  biive,  mrt.    See  ver.  24. 
'  In  1  I'hr.  i.  :!'J,  l/omt.m.        "  In  1  Chr.  i.  40,  Atian. 
Ilainran.        "*  In  Chr.  i.  42,  ./««A'«7i. 


are  the  sons  of  Reuel  Esau's  son ;  duke 
Nahath,  duke  Zerah,  duke  Shammah, 
duke  Mizzah:  these  are  the  dukes  that 
came  of  Reuel  in  the  land  of  Edom  ;  these 
are  the  sons  of  Basemath  Esau's  wife. 
(18)  And  these  are  the  sons  of  Oholiba- 
mah Esau's  wife  ;  duke  Jeush,  duke  Jalam, 
duke  Korah:  these  are  the  dukes  that 
came  of  Oholibamah  the  daughter  of 
Anah,  Esau's  wife.  (19)  These  are  the 
sons  of  Esau,  and  these  are  their  dukes  :  . 
the  same  is  Edom. 

(20)  These  are  the  sons  of  Seir  the 
llorite,  the  inhabitants  of  the  land  ;  Lotan 
and  Shobal  and  Zibeon  and  Anah,  (21) 
and  Dishon  and  Ezer  and  Dishan :  these 
are  the  dukes  that  came  of  the  Horites, 
the  children  of  Seir  in  the  land  of  Edom. 
(22)  And  the  children  of  Lotan  were  Hori 
and  *  Hemam  ;  and  Lotan's  sister  was  Tim- 
na. (23)  And  these  are  the  children  of 
Shobal ;  "  Alvan  and  Manahath  and  Ebal, 
'  Shepho  and  Onam.  (24)  And  these  are 
the  children  of  Zibcon  ;  Aiah  and  Anah  : 
this  is  Anah  who  found  the  hot  springs  in 
the  wilderness,  as  he  fed  the  asses  of  Zibe- 
on his  father.  (25)  And  these  are  the 
children  of  Anah ;  Dishon  and  Oholiba- 
mah the  daughter  of  Anah.  (26)  And 
these  are  the  children  of  *  Dishon  ;  '  Hem- 
dan  and  Eshban  and  Ithran  and  Cheran. 
(27)  These  are  the  children  of  Ezer; 
Bilhan  and  Zaavan  and  ^''Akau.  (28) 
These  are  the  children  of  Dishan  ;  Uz  and 
Aran.  (29)  These  arc  the  dukes  that 
came  of  the  Horites ;  duke  Lotan,  duke 
Shobal,  duke  Zibeon,  duke  Anah,  (30) 
duke  Dishon,  duke  Ezer,  duke  Dishan : 
these  are  the  dukes  that  came  of  the 
Horites,  according  to  their  dukes  in  the 
land  of  Seir, 

(31)  And  these  are  the  kings  that 
reigned  in  the  land  of  Edom,  before  there 
reigned  any  king  over  the  children  of 
Israel.    [732)  And  Bcla  the  son  of  Beor^ 


-•  Ileb.  Eilmn.        '  In  1  Chr.  i.  36,  Zep/ii.        '  Or,  .7<i<yV. 
lu  1  Chr.  1.  40,  Hhrp/ii.        '  Ileb.  DiKlulJt.      »  In  1  Chr.  i.  41, 


GENESrS. 


41 


n 


r 


reigned  iu  Edoin  ;  and  the  name  of  his  city 
was  Diuhabah.  (33)  And  Bela  died,  and 
Jobab  the  son  of  Zerah  of  Bozrah  reigned 
in  his  stead.  (34)  And  Jobab  died,  and 
Husham  of  the  land  of  the  Temanites 
reigned  in  his  stead.  (35)  And  Husham 
died,  and  Hadad  the  sou  of  Bedad,  who 
smote  Midian  in  the  field  of  Moab,  reigned 
in  his  stead  :  and  the  name  of  his  city  was 
Avith.  (36)  And  Hadad  died,  and  Sam- 
lah   of   Masrekah   reigned   in  his   stead. 

(37)  And  Samlah  died,  and  Shaul  of  Ee- 
hoboth  by  the  River  reigned  in  his  stead. 

(38)  And  Shaul  died,  and  Baal-hanan 
the  son  of  Achbor  reigned  in  his  stead. 

(39)  And  Baal-hanan  the  son  of  Achbor 
died,  and  '  Hadar  reigned  in  his  stead : 
and  the  name  of  his  city  was  -  Pau  ;  and 
his  wife's  name  was  Mehetabel,  the  daugh- 

P    ter  of  Matred,  tlie  daughter  of  Me-zahabJ 

(40)  And  these  are  the  names  of  the  duliS 
that  came  of  Esau,  according  to  their 
families,  after  their  places,  by  their  names  ; 
duke  Timnah,  duke  '  Alvah,  duke  Jetheth  ; 

(41)  duke  Oholibamah,  duke  Elah,  duke 
Pinou  ;  (42)  duke  Kenaz,  duke  Teman, 
duke  Mibzar;  (43)  duke  Magdiel,  duke 
Iram  :  these  be  the  dukes  of  Edom,  accord- 
ing to  their  habitations  iu  the  laud  of  their 
possession.  This  is  Esau  the  father  of 
■*  the  Edomites. 

37  And  Jacob  dwelt  iu  the  land  of  his 
father's  sojournings,  in  the  laud  of  Ca- 
naan. (2)  These  are  the  generations  of 
Jacob.  Joseph,  being  seventeen  years 
old,  was  leeding  the  flock  with  his  breth- 
reni  and  he  was  a  lad  witli  the  sous  of 


)C 


\k 


Bilhah,  and  with  the  sons  of  Ziipah,  his 
"father's  wives  :  {and  .Joseph  brought  the 
evil  report  of  them  unto  their  father.  (3) 
Now  Israel  loved  Joseph  more  tlian  all  his 
children,  because  he  was  the  son  of  his 
old  age  :  and  lie  made  him  ■*  a  coat  of  many 
colours.  (4)  And  his  brethren  saw  that 
their  father  loved  him  more  than  all  his 


brethren  ;  and  they  hated  him,  and  could 
not  speak  peaceably  unto  hinj^  (5)  And 
Joseph  dreamed  a  dream,  and  he  told  it 
to  his  brethren:  and  they  hated  liim  yet 
the  more.  (6)  And  he  said  unto  them. 
Hear,  I  pray  you,  this  dream  which  I  have 
dreamed :  (7)  for,  behold,  we  were  bind- 
ing sheaves  in  the  field,  and,  lo,  my  sheaf 
arose,  and  also  stood  upright ;  and,  be- 
hold, 3'our  sheaves  came  round  about,  and 
made  obeisance  to  my  sheaf.  (8)  And 
his  brethren  said  to  him,  Shalt  thou  in- 
deed reigu  over  us  ?  or  shalt  thou  indeed 
have  dominion  over  us  ?  And  they  hated 
him  j'et  the  more  for  his  dreams,  and  for 
his  words.  (9)  And  he  dreamed  yet  an- 
other dream,  and  told  it  to  his  brethren, 
and  said.  Behold,  I  have  dreamed  yet  a 
dream  ;  and,  behold,  the  sun  and  the  moon 
and  eleven  stars  made  obeisance  to  me. 

(10)  And  he  told  it  to  his  father,  and  to 
his  brethren  ;  and  his  father  rebuked  him, 
and  said  unto  him.  What  is  this  dream 
that  thou  hast  dreamed?  Shall  I  and  thy 
mother  and  thy  brethren  indeed  come  to 
bow  down  ourselves  to  thee  to  tlie  earth? 

(11)  And  his  brethren  envied  him;  but 
his  father  kept  the  saying  in  mind.   I  (12)1 
And  his  brethren  went  to   feed  their  fa- 
ther's flock  in  Shechem.     (13)  And  Israel 
said  unto  Joseph,   Do  not^thy  brethren^ 
feed  the  flock  in  Shechem?Jcome,  and  Jj 
will  send  thee  unto  them.     And  he  said  to 
him,  Here  am  I.     (14)  And  he  said  to  him, 
Go  now,  see  whether  it  be  well  with  thy 
brethren,   and   well  with   the  flock ;    and 
bring  me  word  again.  [  So  he  sent  him  out 
of  the  vale  of  Hebron,  and  he  came  to  \v 
8hecheni!~]  (15)  And  a  certain  man  found 
him,  and,  behold,  he  was  wandering  in  the 
field :    and   the   man  asked  him,   saying, 
What  seekest  thou?     (16)  And  he  said, 
I  seek  my  brethren  :  tell  me,  I  pray  thee, 
where  they  are  feeding  the  flock.     (17) 
And   the  man   said,   They  are   departed 


^  In  1  Chr.  i.  50,  and  eoiue  ancient  authorities,  Hadad. 
Edom.       *  Or,  u  long  garment  with  sleeve's. 


2  In  1  Chr.  i.  60,  Pai.      '  In  1  Chr.  i.  51,  Atiah.       «  Heb. 


42 


GENESIS. 


hence  :  for  I  heard  them  say,  Let  us  go 
to  Dothau.  And  Joseph  went  after  his 
bretliren,  and  found  them  in  Dothau. 
(18)  And  they  saw  him  afar  off,  [and  be- 
+v^  fore  he  came  near  unto  them,  they  con- 
spired against  him  to  slay  himj  (19)  And 
they  said  one  to  another,  Behold,  this 
'  dreamer  cometh.  (20)  Come  now  there- 
fore, and  let  us  slay  him,  and  cast  him 
into  one  of  the  pits,  and  we  will  say.  An 
evil  beast  hath  devoured  him :  and  we 
shall  see  what  will  become  of  his  dreams. 
(21)  Aud  luiihiii  heard  it,  and  delivered 
him  out  of  their  hand ;  and  said.  Let  us 
not  take  his  life.  (22)  And  Reuben  said 
unto  them.  Shed  no  blood ;  cast  him  iuto 
this  pit  that  is  in  the  wilderness,  but  lay 
no  hand  upon  him  :  that  he  might  deliver 
him  out  of  tlieir  hand,  to  restore  him  to 
his  father.  (23)  And  it  came  to  pass, 
when  Joseph  was  come  unto  his  brethren, 
tliat  they  stript  Joseph  of  his  coat,  the 
coat  of  many  colours  that  was  on  him ; 
(24)  and  they  took  him,  and  cast  him  into 
tiie  pit :  and  the  pit  was  empty,  there  was 
no  water  in  it.  (25)  And  they  sat  down 
to  eat  l)r("ftd  :  land  they  lifted  up  their 
eyes  and  looked,  and,  behold,  a  travelling 
company  of  Ishmaelites  came  from  Gilead, 
witli  their  camels  bearing  "spicerj^  and 
'  balm  and  *  myrrh,  going  to  carry  it  down 
to  Egypt.  (26)  And  Judah  said  unto  his 
brethren.  What  profit  is  it  if  we  slay  our 
brother  and  conceal  his  blood?  (27) 
Come,  and  let  us  sell  him  to  the  Ishmael- 
ites, and  let  not  our  hand  be  upon  him  ; 
for  he  is  our  brotlier,  our  flesh.  And  his 
brethren  hearkened  unto  him.  j  (28)  And 
there  passed  by  Midianites,  merchant- 
men ;  and  they  drew  land  lifted  up  Joseph 
out  of  the  pit,  and  sold  Joseph  to  the  Ish- 
maelites for  twenty  pieces  of  silver,  j  And 
thej-  brought  Joseph  into  EgypfT  (29) 
And  Reuben  returned  unto  the  pit ;  and, 
Iieliold,  Joseph  was  not  in  the  pit ;  and  he 


\. 


rent  his  clothes.     (30)  And  he  returned 
unto  his  brethren,  and  said.  The  child  is 
not;    and   I,   whither  shall   I   go?     (31) 
And  they  took  Joseph's  coat,  and  killed  a 
lie-goat,  and  dipped  the  coat  in  tlie  blood  ; 
1(32)  and  they  sent  the  coat  of  many  col- 
ours, and  they  brought  it  to  their  fatherTj 
and  said.  This  have  we  found  ;  know  now 
whether  it  be  thy  son's  coat  or^not.      (33) 
And  he  knew  it,  and  said.  It  is  my  .son's 
coat ;   an  evil  beast  hath  devoured  him ; 
Joseph  is  without  doubt  torn  in  piecesT] 
(34)   And  Jacob  rout  his  garments,  and 
put  sackcloth  upon  his  loins,  and  mourned 
for  his  son  man^'  days.  {(35)  And  all  his  | 
sons  and  all  his  daughters  rose  up  to  com-  j^ 
fort  him  ;  but  he  refused  to  be  comforted  ; 
and  he  said.  For  I  will  go  down  to  '  the 
grave    to    my   son    mourning.     And    his   j^^ 
father  wept  for  him.,     (30 )  And  the  "  j\Iid-    \ 
ianites  sold  him  into  Egypt  unto  Potiphar, 
an  officer  of  Pharaoh's,  the  '  captain  of 

the  guard.  

38  And  it  came  to  pass  at  that  time, 
that  Judah  went  down  from  his  bretln-en,  J 
and  turned  in  to  a  certain  AduUamite, 
whose  name  was  Hirah.  (2)  And  Judah 
saw  there  a  daughter  of  a  certain  Ca- 
naanite  whose  name  was  Shua ;  and  he 
took  her,  and  went  in  unto  her.  (3)  And 
she  conceived,  and  bare  a  son  ;  and  he 
called  his  name  Er.  (4)  And  she  con- 
ceived again,  and  bare  a  son ;  and  she 
called  his  name  Onan.  (5)  And  she  yet 
again  bare  a  son,  and  called  his  name 
Shelah :  and  he  was  at  Chezib,  when  she 
bare  him.  (6)  And  Judah  took  a  wife 
for  Er  his  firstborn,  and  her  name  was 
Tamar.  (7)  And  Er,  Judah's  firstborn, 
was  wicked  in  the  sight  of  the  Lord  ;  and 
the  Lord  slew  him.  (8)  And  Judali  said 
unto  Onan,  Go  in  unto  thy  brother's  wife, 
and  'perform  the  duty  of  an  husband's 
brother  unto  her.  and  raise  up  seed  to  thy 
brother.      (9)   And  Onan   knew  that   the 


'  Heb.  muster  of  ilrimms.        ^  Or,  gum  tnigneinitlt.    Or,  xtorar.        s  Or,  miiilic. 
Sheot,  the  name  of  the  abode  of  the  dead,  answering  to  the  Greek  Hades,  Acts  li.  il, 
chief  of  the  executioners.        '  See  Deut.  xxv.  5. 


*  Or,  ladanum.        *>  Heb. 
6  Heb.  Medanites.       '  Heb. 


GENESIS. 


43 


seed  should  not  be  his ;  and  it  came  to 
pass,  when  he  went  in  unto  his  brother's 
wife,  that  he  spilled  it  on  the  ground,  lest 
he  should  give  seed  to  his  brother.  (10) 
And  the  thing  which  he  did  was  evil  in  the 
sight  of  the  Lord  :  and  he  slew  him  also. 
(11)  ■  Then  said  Judah  to  Tamar  his 
daughter  in  law.  Remain  a  widow  in  thy 
father's  house,  till  Sbelah  my  sou  be 
grown  up :  for  he  said.  Lest  he  also  die, 
like  his  brethren.  And  Tamar  went  and 
dwelt  in  her  father's  house.  (12)  And 
in  process  of  time  Shua's  daughter,  the 
wife  of  Judah,  died ;  and  Judah  was 
comforted,  and  went  up  unto  his  sheep- 
shearers  to  Timnah,  he  and  his  friend 
Hirah  the  Adullamite.  (13)  And  it  was 
told  Tamar,  saying.  Behold,  thy  father  in 
law  goeth  up  to  Timnah  to  shear  his 
sheep.  (14)  And  she  put  off  from  her 
the  garments  of  her  widowhood,  and  cov- 
ered herself  with  her  veil,  and  wrapped 
herself,  and  sat  in  the  gate  of  Enaim, 
which  is  by  the  way  to  Timnah  ;  for  she 
saw  that  Shelah  was  grown  up,  and  she 
was  not  given  unto  him  to  wife.  (15) 
When  Judah  saw  her,  he  thought  her  to 
be  an  harlot ;  for  she  had  covered  her 
face.  (16)  And  he  turned  unto  her  by 
the  way,  and  said,  Go  to,  I  pray  thee,  let 
me  come  in  unto  thee :  for  he  knew  not 
that  she  was  his  daughter  in  law.  And 
she  said.  What  wilt  thou  give  me,  that  thou 
mayest  come  in  unto  me?  (17)  And  he 
said,  I  will  send  thee  a  kid  of  the  goats 
from  the  flock.  And  she  said.  Wilt  thou 
give  me  a  pledge,  till  thou  send  it?  (18) 
And  he  said.  What  pledge  shall  I  give 
thee?  And  she  said.  Thy  signet  and  thy 
cord,  and  thy  staff  that  is  in  thine  hand. 
And  he  gave  them  to  her,  and  came  in 
unto  her,  and  she  conceived  by  him.  (19) 
And  she  arose,  and  went  away,  and  put 
off  her  veil  from  her,  and  put  on  the  gar- 
ments of  her  widowhood.     (20)  And  Ju- 


dah sent  the  kid  of  the  goats  by  the  hand 
of  his  friend  the  Adullamite,  to  receive 
the  pledge  from  the  woman's  hand :  but 
he  found  her  not.  (21)  Then  he  asked 
the  men  of  her  place,  saying.  Where  is 
the  ■■  harlot,  that  was  at  Enaim  by  the  way 
side  ?  And  they  said,  There  hath  been  no 
'harlot  here.  (22)  And  he  returned  to 
Judah,  and  said,  I  have  not  found  her; 
and  also  the  men  of  the  place  said.  There 
hath  been  no  '  harlot  here.  (23)  And 
Judah  said.  Let  her  take  it  to  her,  lest  we 
be  put  to  shame  :  behold,  I  sent  this  kid, 
and  thou  hast  not  found  her.  (24)  And 
it  came  to  pass  about  three  months  after, 
that  it  was  told  Judah,  saying,  Tamar  thy 
daughter  in  law  hath  played  the  harlot ; 
and  moreover,  behold,  she  is  with  child  by 
whoredom.  And  Judah  said.  Bring  her 
forth,  and  let  her  be  burnt.  (25)  When 
she  was  brought  forth,  she  sent  to  her 
father  in  law,  saying.  By  the  man,  whose 
these  are,  am  I  with  child :  and  she  said. 
Discern,  I  pray  thee,  whose,  are  these, 
the  signet,  and  the  cords,  and  the  staff. 

(26)  And  Judah  acknowledged  them,  and 
said.  She  is  more  righteous  than  I ;  for- 
asmuch as  I  gave  her  not  to  Shelah  my 
son.     And  he  knew  her  again  no   more. 

(27)  And  it  came  to  pass  in  the  time  of 
her  travail,  that,  behold,  twins  were  in  her 
womb.  (28)  And  it  came  to  pass,  when 
she  travailed,  that  one  put  out  a  hand: 
and  the  midwife  took  and  bound  upon  his 
hand  a  scarlet  thread,  saying.  This  came 
out  first.  (29)  And  it  came  to  pass,  as 
he  drew  back  his  hand,  that,  behold,  his 
brother  came  out :  and  she  said,  '^  Where- 
fore hast  thou  made  a  breach  for  thj'self  ? 
therefore  his  name  was  called  'Perez. 
(30)  And  afterward  came  out  his  brother, 
that  had  the  scarlet  thread  upon  his  hand : 
and  his  name  was  called  Zerah. 

39  And  Joseph  was  brought  down   to 
Egypt ;   and  Potiphar,  an  officer  of  Pha- 


1  Heb.  kedeshah,  that  iB,  a  woman  dedicated  to  impure  heathen  worship.     See  Lfeut.  xxiii.  17,  Hob.  iv.  14. 
BoiD  hast  thou  made  a  breach  !  a  breach  be  upon  thee  1       »  That  is,  A  breach. 


2  Or, 


44 


GENESIS. 


raoh's,  the  captain  of  the  guard,  an  Eg3-p- 
tian,  bought  him  of  the  hand  of  the  Ish- 
maelites,  which  had  brought  him  down 
thither.  (2)  And  the  Lord  was  with  Jo- 
seph, and  he  was  a  prosperous  man  ;  and 
he  was  in  the  house  of  his  master  the 
Egyptian.  (3)  And  his  master  saw  that 
the  Lord  was  with  him,  and  that  the  Lord 
made  all  that  he  did  to  prosper  in  his 
hand.  (4)  And  Joseph  found  grace  in 
I  his  sightj  and  he  ministered  unto  him : 
^^^hd  he  made  him  overseer  over  his  house, 
and  all  that  he  had  he  put  into  his  hand. 
(5)  And  it  came  to  pass  from  the  time 
that  he  made  him  overseer  in  his  house, 
and  over  all  that  he  had,  that  the  Lord 
blessed  the  Egyptian's  house  for  Joseph's 
sake ;  ana  the  blessing  of  the  Lord  was 
,      upon  all  that  he  had,  in  the  house  and  in 

I the  fieldj   (6)  And  he  left  all  that  he  had 

in  Joseplr  s  hand  ;  and  ^  he  knew  not  aught 
that  was  with  him,  save  the  bread  which 
he  did  eat.  And  Joseph  was  comely,  and 
well  favoured.  (7)  And  it  came  to  pass 
after  these  things,  that  his  rnaster's  wife 
I  cast  her  eyes  upon  Joseph  ;  and  she  said, 
n'  Lie  with  me.  (8)  But  he  refused,  and 
said  unto  his  master's  wife,  Behold,  my 
master  -  knoweth  not  what  is  with  me  in 
the  house,  aiui  ho  luUh  jjiit  all  that  he  hath 
irji.  iiiv  hand  :  (9)  ^there  is  none  greater 
in  this  house  than  I ;  neither  hath  he  kept 
back  any  thing  from  me  but  thee,  because 
thou  art  his  wife  :  how  then  can  I  do  this 
great  wickedness,  and  sin  against   God? 

(10)  And  it  came  to  pass,  as  she  spake  to 
Joseph  day  by  day,  that  he  hearkened  not 
unto  her,  to  lie  by  her,  or  to  be  with  her. 

(11)  And  it  came  to  pass  about  this  time, 
that  he  went  into  the  house  to  do  his 
work ;    and  there  was  none   of   the   men 

'  of  the  house  there  within.  (12)  And  she 
caught  him  by  his  garment,  saying.  Lie 
with  me  :  and  he  left  his  garment  in  her 
hand,  and  fled,  and  got  him  out.  (13) 
And  it  came  to  pass,  when  she  saw  that 


K 


he  had  left  his  garment  in  her  hand,  and 
was  fled  forth,  (14)  that  she  called  unto 
the  men  of  her  house,  and  spake  unto 
them,  saying.  See,  he  hath  brought  in  an 
Hebrew  unto  us  to  mock  us  ;  he  came  in 
unto  me  to  lie  with  me,  and  I  cried  with 
a  loud  voice :  (15)  and  it  came  to  pass, 
when  he  heard  tliat  I  lifted  up  my  voice 
and  cried,  that  he  left  his  garment  by  me, 
and  fled,  and  got  him  out.  (16)  And  she 
laid  up  his  garment  by  her,  until  his  mas- 
ter came  home.  (17)  And  she  spake  un- 
to him  according  to  these  words,  saying. 
The  Hebrew  servant,  which  thou  hast 
brought  unto  us,  came  in  unto  me  to  mock 
me :  (18)  and  it  came  to  pass,  as  I  lifted 
up  my  voice  and  cried,  that  he  left  his 
garment  by  me,  and  fled  out.  (19)  And 
it  came  to  pass,  when  his  master  heard 
the  words  of  his  wife,  which  she  spake 
unto  him,  saying.  After  this  manner  did 
thy  servant  to  me ;  that  his  wrath  was 
kindled.  (20)  And  Joseph's  master  took 
him,  and  put  him  into  the  prison,  the 
place  where  the  king's  prisoners  were 
bound  :  and  he  was  there  in  the  prison. 
(21)  But  the  Lord  was  with  Joseph,  and 
shewed  kindness  unto  him,  and  gave  him 
favour  in  the  sight  of  the  keeper  of  the 
prison.  (22)  And  the  keeper  of  the  prison 
committed  to  Joseph's  hand  all  the  prison- 
ers that  were  in  the  prison ;  and  whatso- 
ever they  did  there,  he  was  the  doer  of  it. 
(23)  The  keeper  of  the  prison  looked  not 
to  any  thing  that  was  under  his  hand,  be- 
cause the  Lord  was  with  him;  and  that  *^ 
which  he  did.  the  Lord  made  it  to  prosper.     \ 

40  And  it  came  to  pass  after  these 
thipos,  that  the  butler  of  the  king  of 
Egypt  and  his  baker  ofl'ended  their  lord 
the  king  of  Egypt.  (2)  And  Pharaoh  ' 
was  wroth  against  his  two  officers,  against 
the  chief  of  the  butlers,  and  against  the 
chief  of  the  bakers.  (3)  And  he  put 
them  in  ward  in  the  house  of  the  captain 
of  the  o-uard,  into  the  prison,  the   place 


>  Or,  with  him  he  kiieip  not.        '  Or,  knoweth  not  with  me  what  is  i&c.        ^  Or,  he  is  not. 


GENESIS. 


45 


where  Joseph  was  bound.  (4)  And  the 
captain  of  the  guard  charged  Joseph  with 
them,  and  he  ministered  unto  them  :  and 
thej-  continued  a  season  in  ward.  (5) 
And  they  dreamed  a  dream  both  of  them, 
each  man  his  dream,  in  one  night,  each 
man  according  to  the  interpretation  of  his 
dream,  the  butler  and  the  baker  of  the 
king  of  Egypt,  which  were  bound  in  the 
prison.  (6)  And  Joseph  came  in  unto 
them  in  the  morning,  and  saw  them,  and, 
behold,  they  were  sad.  (7)  And  he  asked 
Pharaoh's  officers  that  were  with  him  in 
ward  in  his  master's  house,  saying. 
Wherefore  look  ye  so  sadly  to-da}- ?  (8) 
And  they  said  unto  him.  We  have  dreamed 
a  dream,  and  there  is  none  that  can  inter- 
pret it.  And  Joseph  said  unto  them.  Do 
not  interpretations  belong  to  God?  tell  it 
me,  I  praj-  you.  (9)  And  the  chief  but- 
ler told  his  dream  to  Joseph,  and  said  to 
him.  In  my  dream,  behold,  a  vine  was  be- 
fore me  ;  (10)  and  in  the  vine  were  three 
branches  :  and  it  was  as  though  it  budded, 
and  its  blossoms  shot  forth  ;  and  the  clus- 
ters thereof  brought  forth  ripe  grapes : 
(11)  and  Pharaoh's  cup  was  in  mj'  hand  ; 
and  I  took  the  grapes,  and  pressed  them 
into  Pharaoh's  cup,  and  I  gave  the  cup 
into  Pharaoh's  hand.  (12)  And  Joseph 
said  unto  him.  This  is  the  interpretation 
of  it :  the  three  branches  are  three  days  ; 
(13)  within  yet  three  days  shall  Pharaoh 
lift  up  thine  head,  and  restore  thee  unto 
thine  office  :  and  thou  shalt  give  Pharaoh's 
cup  into  his  hand,  after  the  former  man- 
ner when  thou  wast  his  butler.  (14)  But 
have  me  in  thy  remembrance  when  it  shall 
be  well  with  thee,  and  shew  kmdness,  I 
pray  thee,  unto  me,  and  make  mention  of 
me  unto  Pharaoh,  and  bring  me  out  of 
this  house :  (15)  for  indeed  I  was  stolen 
away  out  of  the  land  of  the  Hebrews : 
and  here  also  have  I  done  nothing  that 
they  should  put  me  into  the  dungeon. 
(16)  When  the  chief  baker  saw  that  the 


interpretation  was  good,  he  said  unto 
Joseph,  I  also  was  in  my  dream,  and,  be- 
hold, three  baskets  of  white  bread  were 
on  my  head :  (17)  and  in  the  uppermost 
basket  there  was  of  all  manner  of  bake- 
meats  for  Pharaoh  ;  and  the  birds  did  eat 
them  out  of  the  basket  upon  my  head. 
(18)  And  Joseph  answered  and  said.  This 
is  the  interpretation  thereof :  the  tliree 
baskets  are  three  days ;  (19)  within  yet 
three  days  shall  Pharaoh  lift  up  thy  head 
from  off  thee,  and  shall  hang  thee  on  a 
tree ;  and  the  birds  shall  eat  thy  flesh 
from  off  thee.  (20)  And  it  came  to  pass 
the  third  day,  which  was  Pharaoh's  birth- 
day, that  he  made  a  feast  unto  all  his 
servants  :  and  he  lifted  up  the  head  of  the 
chief  butler  and  the  head  of  the  chief 
baker  among  his  servants.  (21)  And  he 
restored  the  chief  butler' unto  his  butler- 
ship  again ;  and  he  gave  the  cup  into 
Pharaoh's  hand  :  (22)  but  he  hanged  the 
chief  baker :  as  Joseph  had  interpreted  to 
them.  (23)  Yet  did  not  the  chief  butler 
remember  Joseph,  but  forgat  him. 

41  And  it  came  to  pass  at  the  end 
of  two  full  years,  that  Pharaoh  dreamed  : 
and,  behold,  he  stood  by  the  ^  river.  (2) 
And,  behold,  there  came  up  out  of  the 
river  seven  kine,  well  favoured  and  fat- 
fleshed  ;  and  they  fed  in  the  reed-grass. 
(3)  And,  behold,  seven  other  kine  came 
up  after  them  out  of  the  river,  ill  favoured 
and  leanfleshed ;  and  stood  by  the  other 
kine  upon  the  brink  of  the  river.  (4) 
And  the  ill  favoured  and  leanfleshed  kine 
did  eat  up  the  seven  well  favoured  and  fat 
kine.  So  Pharaoh  awoke.  (.5)  And  he 
slept  and  dreamed  a  second  time :  and, 
behold,  seven  ears  of  corn  came  up  upon 
one  stalk,  -rank  and  good.  (6)  And,  be- 
hold, seven  ears,  thin  and  blasted  with  the 
east  wind,  sprung  up  after  them.  (7)  And 
the  thin  ears  swallowed  up  the  seven  -  rank 
and  full  ears.  And  Pharaoh  awoke,  and, 
behold,  it  was  a  dream.     (8)  And  it  came 


»  Heb.  Year,  that  ie,  the  Nile.       '  Heb./oi. 


46 


GENESIS. 


to  pass  in  the  morning  that  his  spirit  was 
troubled ;  and  he  sent  and  called  for  alj 
the  '  magicians  of  Egypt,  and  all  the  wise 
men  thereof :  and  Pharaoh  told  them  his 
dream ;  but  there  was  none  that  could 
interpret  them  unto  Pharaoh.  (9)  Then 
spake  the  chief  butler  unto  Pharaoh,  say- 
ing, 1  '^  do  remember  my  faults  this  day  : 
(10)  Pharaoh  was  wroth  with  his  servants, 
and  put  me  in  ward  in  the  house  of  the 
captain  of  the  guard,  me  and  the  chief 
baker:  (11)  and  we  dreamed  a  dream  in 
one  night,  I  and  ho  ;  we  dreamed  each 
man  according  to  the  interpretation  of  his 
dream.  (12)  And  there  was  with  us  there 
a  young  man,  an  Hebrew,  servant  to  the 
captain  of  the  guard  ;  and  we  told  him, 
and  he  interpreted  to  us  our  dreams ;  to 
each  man  according  to  his  dream  he  did 
interpret.  (13)  And  it  came  to  pass,  as 
he  interpreted  to  us,  so  it  was ;  '  me  he 
restored  unto  mine  office,  and  him  he 
hanged.  (14)  Then  Pharaoh  sent  and 
called  Joseph,  and  they  brought  him  hasti- 
ly out  of  the  dungeon  :  and  he  shaved 
himself,  and  changed  his  raiment,  and 
came  in  unto  Pharaoh.  (15)  And  Pha- 
raoh said  unto  Joseph,  I  have  dreamed  a 
dream,  and  there  is  none  that  can  inter- 
pret it :  and  I  have  heard  say  of  thee,  that 
when  thou  hearest  a  dream  thou  canst 
interpret  it.  (16)  And  Joseph  answered 
Pharaoh,  saying.  It  is  not  in  me :  God 
shall  give  Pharaoh  an  answer  of  peace. 
(17)  And  Pharaoh  spake  unto  Joseph, 
In  my  dream,  behold,  I  stood  upon  the 
brink  of  the  river:  (18)  and,  behold, 
there  came  up  out  of  the  river  seven  kine, 
fatfleshed  and  well  favoured  ;  and  they  fed 
in  the  reed-grass  :  (19)  and,  behold,  seven 
other  kine  came  up  after  them,  poor  and 
very  ill  favoured  and  leanfleshed,  such  as 
I  never  saw  in  all  the  land  of  Egypt  for 
badness :  (20)  and  the  lean  and  ill  fa- 
voured kine  did  eat  up  the  first  seven  fat 
kine  :   (21)  and  when  they  had  eaten  them 


up,  it  could  not  be  known  that  they  had 
eaten  them ;  but  they  were  still  ill  fa- 
voured, as  at  the  beginning.  So  I  awoke. 
(22)  And  I  saw  in  my  dream,  and,  be- 
hold, seven  ears  came  up  upon  one  stalk, 
full  and  good  :  (23)  and,  behold,  seven 
ears,  withered,  thin,  and  blasted  with  the 
east  wind,  sprung  up  after  them  :  (24)  and 
the  thin  ears  swallowed  up  the  seven  good 
ears  :  and  I  told  it  unto  the  magicians  ; 
but  there  was  none  that  could  declare  it 
tome.  (25)  And  Joseph  said  unto  Pha- 
raoh, The  dream  of  Pharaoh  is  one  :  what 
God  is  aljout  to  do  he  hath  declared  unto 
Pharaoh.  (26)  The  seven  good  kine  are 
seven  years ;  and  the  seven  good  ears 
are  seven  jears  :  the  dream  is  one.  (27) 
And  the  seven  lean  and  ill  favoured  kine 
that  came  up  after  them  are  seven  j-ears, 
and  also  the  seven  empty  ears  blasted  with 
the  east  wind  ;  the}-  shall  be  seven  years 
of  famine.  (28)  That  is  the  thing  which 
I  spake  unto  Pharaoh  :  What  God  is  about 
to  do  lie  hath  shewed  unto  Pharaoh.  (29) 
Behold,  there  come  seven  years  of  great 
plenty  throughout  all  the  land  of  Egypt : 
(30)  and  there  shall  arise  after  them  seven 
years  of  famine  ;  and  all  the  plenty  shall 
be  forgotten  in  the  land  of  Egypt ;  and 
the  famine  shall  consume  the  land  ;r(31)  I 
and  the  plenty  shall  not  be  known  in  the 
land  by  reason  of  that  famine  which  fol- 
io weth  ;  for  it  shall  be  very  grievous.  7^ 
(32)  And  for  that  the  dream  was  doubled 
unto  Pharaoh  twice,  it  is  because  the  thing 
is  established  by  God,  and  God  will  shortly 
bring  it  to  pass.  (33)  Now  therefore  let 
Pharaoh  look  out  a  man  discreet  and  wise, 
and  set  him  over  the  land  of  Egypt. 
1(34)  Let  Pharaoh  do  this,  and  let  him  ap- 
point overseers  over  the  land,  and  take 
up  the  fifth  part  of  the  laud  of  Egypt  in 
the  seven  plenteous  yearsT)  (35)  And  let 
them  gather  all  the  food  of  these  good 
years  that  come,  and  lay-  up  corn  under 
the  hand  of  Pharaoh  for  food  in  the  cities. 


N 


'  Or,  saored  scribes.        =  Or,  wilt  make  mention  of.        '  Or,  /  icaa  restored  .  .  .  and  he  icas  hanged. 


GENESIS. 


47 


^  1  and  let  them  keep  it.i  (36)  And  the  food 
shall  be  for  a  store  to  the  land  against  the 
seven  years  of  famine,  which  shall  be  in 
the  land  of  Egypt ;  that  the  land  perish 
not  through  the  famine.  (37)  And  the 
thing  was  good  in  the  eyes  of  Pharaoh, 
and  in  the  eyes  of  all  his  servants.  (38) 
And  Pharaoh  said  unto  his  servants,  Can 
we  find  such  a  one  as  this,  a  man  in  whom 
the  spirit  of  God  is?  (39)  And  Pharaoh 
said  unto  Joseph,  Forasmuch  as  God  hath 
shewed  thee  all  this,  there  is  none  so  dis- 
creet and  wise  as  thou  :  (40)  thou  shalt  be 
over  my  house,  and  according  unto  thy 
word  shall  all  my  people  ^  be  ruled :  only 
in  the  throne  will  I  be  greater  than  thou. 
7^41)  And  Pharaoh  said  unto  Joseph,  See, 
I  have  set  thee  over  all  the  land  of  Egypt. 

(42)  And  Pharaoh  took  off  his  signet  ring 
from  his  hand,  and  put  it  upon  Joseph's 
hand,  and  arrayed  him  in  vestures  of  -  fine 
linen,  and  put  a  gold  chain  about  his  neck  ; 

(43)  and  he  made  him  to  ride  in  the  sec- 
ond chariot  which  he  had  ;  and  they  cried 
before  him,  'Bow  the  knee:  and  he  set 
him  over  all  the  land  of  Egypt.  (44)  And 
Pharaoh  said  unto  Joseph,  I  am  Pharaoh, 
and  without  thee  shall  no  man  lift  up  his 
hand  or  his  foot  in  all  the  land  of  Egypt. 

t(45)  And  Pharaoh  called  Joseph's  name 
Zaphenath-panealil  and  he  gave  him  to 
wife  Asenath  the  daughter  of  Poti-phera 
priest  of  On.  And  Joseph  went  out  over 
the  land  of  Egypt.  (46)  And  Joseph 
was  thirty  j'ears  old  when  he  stood  before 
pPharaoh  king  of  Egypt.  [And  Joseph 
\|/  went  out  from  the  presence  of  Pharaoh, 
and  went  throughout  all  the  land  of  Egj'pt. 
(47)  And  in  the  seven  plenteous  years  the 
earth  brought  forth  by  handfuls.  (48)  And 
he  gathered  up  all  the  food  of  the  seven 
years  which  were  in  the  land  of  Egypt, 
and  laid  up  the  food  in  the  cities  :  the  food 
of  the  field,  which  was  round  about  every 
citj',  laid  he  up  in  the  same.     (49)  And 


Joseph  laid  up  corn  as  the  sand  of  the  sea, 
very  much,  until  he  left  numbering ;  for 
it  was  without  numberTj  (50)  And  unto 
Joseph  were  born  two  sons  before  the  year 
of  famine  came,  which  Asenath  the  daugh- 
ter of  Poti-phera  priest  of  On  bare  unto 
him.  (51)  And  Joseph  called  the  name 
of  the  firstborn  *  Manasseh :  For,  said  he, 
God  hath  made  me  forget  all  my  toil,  and 
all  mj'  father's  house.  (52)  And  the  name 
of  the  second  called  he  '  Ephraim :  For 
God  hath  made  me  fruitful  in  the  land  of 
my  affliction.  (53)  And  the  seven  years 
of  plenty,  that  was  in  the  land  of  Egypt, 
came  to  an  end.  (54)  And  the  seven  years 
of  famine  began  to  come,  according  as 
Joseph  had  said  :  and  there  was  famine  in 
all  lauds ;  but  in  all  the  land  of  Egypt 
there  was  bread.  (55)  And  when  all  the 
land  of  Eg^-pt  was  famished,  the  people 
cried  to  Pharaoh  for  bread  :  and  Pharaoh 
said  unto  all  the  Egyptians,  Go  unto  Jo- 
seph ;  what  he  saith  to  you,  do.  j  (56)  And 
the  famine  was  over  all  the  face  of  the 
earth :)  and  Joseph  opened  all  the  store- 
houiSs,  and  sold  unto  the  Egyptians  ;  and 
the  famine  was  sore  in  the  land  of  Egypt. 
|(o7)  And  all  countries  came  into  Egypt 
to  Joseph  for  to  buy  corn ;  because  the 
famine  was  sore  in  all  the  earthy 

42  Now  Jacob  saw  that  there  was  corn 
in  Egypt,  and  Jacob  said  unto  his  sons, 
Why  do  ye  look  one  upon  another?  (  (2)    j 
And  he  said.  Behold,  I  have  heard  that 
there  is  corn   in   Egypt :    get  you   down 
thither,  and  buy  for  us  from  thence  ;  that 
we  may  live,  and  not  die.  i   (3)  And  Jo^;,J^ 
seph's   ten    bretbren  went  down   to   buy 
corn    from   Egypt.  ("^4)    But  Benjamin,Vil' 
Joseph's  brother,  Jacob  sent  not  with  his 
brethren ;  for  he  said,  Lest  peradventure 
mischief   befall  him.     (5)  And  the  sons 
of  Israel  came  to  buy  among  those  that 
came :  for  the  famine  was  in  the  laud  of    . 
Canaan.  |  (6)  And  Joseph  vras  the  gov-—* 


i 


'  Or,  order  themselves.  Or,  do  homage.  ^  Or,  cotton. 
to  the  Hebrew  word  meauiug  to  kneel.  *  That  ie.  Making 
/ul. 


3  Abrech,  probably  an  Egyptian  word,  similar  io  sound 
to  forget,       ^  From  a  Hebrew  word  signifying  to  be  fruit- 


48 


GENESIS. 


ernor  over  the  land ;  he  it  was  that  sold 
to  all  the  people  of  the  land  :  and  Joseph's 
brethren  came,  and  bowed  tlown  them- 
selves to  him  with  their  faces  to  the  earth. 
/  (7)  And  Joseph  saw  his  brethren,  and  he 
knew  them,  but  made  himself  strange  unto 
them,\iud  spake  roughly  with  them  (and 
he  said  unto  them,  Whence  come  ye? 
And  they  said,  From  the  land  of  Canaan 
to  buy  food.)  (8)  And  Joseph  knew  his 
brethren,  but  they  knew  not  him.  (9) 
And  Joseph  remembered  the  dreams  which 
he  dreamed  of  them,  and  said  unto  tliera. 
Ye  are  spies  ;  to  see  the  nakedness  of  the 
land  ye  are  come.  (10)  And  they  said 
unto  him.  Nay,  my  lord,  but  to  buy  food 
are  thy  servants  come.  (11)  We  are  all 
one  man's  sons ;  we  are  true  men,  th3f 
servants  are  no  spies.  (12)  And  he  said 
unto  them.  Nay,  but  to  see  the  nakedness 
of  the  land  ye  are  come.  (13)  And  they 
said,  We  thy  servants  are  twelve  brethren, 
the  sons  of  one  man  in  the  land  of  Ca- 
naan ;  and,  behold,  the  youngest  is  this 
day  with  our  father,  and  one  is  not.  (14) 
And  Joseph  said  unto  them.  That  is  it 
that  I  spake  unto  you,  saying,  Ye  arc 
spies :  (15)  hereby  ye  shall  be  proved : 
by  the  life  of  Pharaoh  3e  shall  not  go 
fortli  hence,  except  your  youngest  brother 
come  hither.  (16)  Send  one  of  you,  and 
let  him  fetch  your  brother,  and  ye  shall  be 
bound,  that  j'our  words  may  be  proved, 
whether  there  be  truth  in  you  :  or  else  liy 
the  life  of  Pharaoh  surely  ye  are  spies. 
(17)  And  he  put  them  all  together  into 
ward  three  days.  (18)  And  Joseph  said 
unto  them  the  third  day.  This  do,  and 
live  ;  for  I  fear  God  :  (19)  if  ye  be  true 
men,  let  one  of  your  brethren  be  bound  in 
your  prison  liouse  :  but  go  ye,  carry  corn 
for  the  famine  of  your  houses  :  (20)  and 
bring  j^our  youngest  brother  unto  me  ;  so 
shall  your  words  be  verified,  and  ye  .shall 
not  die.  And  they  did  so.  (21)  And 
they  said  one  to  another.  We  are  verily 
guilty  concerning  our  brother,  in  that  we 


saw  the  distress  of  his  soul,  when  he  be- 
sought us,  and  we  would  not  hear  ;  there- 
fore is  this  distress  come  upon  us.  (22) 
And  Reuben  answered  them,  saying, 
Spalvc  I  not  unto  you,  saying.  Do  not  sin 
against  the  child  ;  and  ye  would  not  hear? 
therefore  also,  behold,  his  blood  is  re- 
quired. (23)  And  they  knew  not  that 
Joseph  understood  them ;  for  there  was 
an  interpreter  between  them.  (24)  And 
he  turned  himself  about  from  them,  and 
wept ;  and  he  returned  to  them,  and  spake 
to  them,  and  took  Simeon  from  among 
them,  and  bound  him  before  their  eyes. 
(25)  Then  Joseph  commanded  to  fill  their 
vessels  with  corn,  and  to  restore  every 
man's  money  into  his  sack,  and  to  give 
them  provision  for  the  way  :  and  thus  was 
it  done  unto  them.  (26)  And  they  laded 
their  asses  with  their  corn,  and  departed 
theuce.  [(27)  And  as  one  of  them  opened  | 
his  sack  to  give  his  ass  provender  in  _the 
lodging  place,  he  espied  his  money ;  and, 
behold,  it  was  in  the  mouth  of  his  sack. 
(28)  And  he  said  unto  his  brethren.  My 
money  is  restored  ;  and,  lo,  it  is  even  in  » 
my  sackTjftnd  their  heart  failed  them,  and  __J 
they  turned  trembling  one  to  another,  say- 
ing, "What  is  this  that  God  hath  done  unto 
us?  (29)  And  they  came  unto  Jacob 
their  father  uuto  the  laud  of  Canaan,  and 
told  him  all  that  had  befallen  them  ;  say- 
ing, (30)  The  man,  the  lord  of  the  land, 
spake  rough!}'  with  us,  and  took  us  for 
spies  of  the  country.  (31)  And  we  said 
unto  him.  We  are  true  men ;  we  are  no 
spies :  (32)  we  be  twelve  brethren,  sons 
of  our  father  ;  one  is  not,  and  the  young- 
est is  this  day  with  our  father  in  the  land 
of  Canaan.  (33)  And  the  man,  the  lord 
of  the  land,  said  unto  us,  Hereby  shall  I 
kuow  that  ye  are  true  men  ;  leave  one  of 
your  brethren  with  me,  and  take  corn  for 
the  famine  of  j'our  houses,  and  go  your 
way  :  (34)  and  bring  your  youngest  broth- 
er unto  me  :  then  shall  I  kuow  that  ye  are 
no   spies,  but  that  j-e  are  true  men :   so 


GENESIS. 


49 


will  I  deliver  j'ou  your  brother,  and  ye 
shall  ti-affick  in  the  land.  (35)  And  it 
came  to  pass  as  they  emptied  their  sacks, 
that,  behold,  every  man's  bundle  of  money 
was  in  his  sack :  and  when  they  and  their 
father  saw  their  bundles  of  money,  they 
were  afraid.  (36)  And  Jacob  their  father 
said  unto  them.  Me  have  ye'  bereaved  of 
my  children :  Joseph  is  not,  and  Simeon 
is  not,  and  ye  will  take  Benjamin  away : 
all  these  things  are  ^  against  me.  (37) 
And  Reuben  spake  unto  his  father,  say- 
ing. Slay  my  two  sons,  if  I  bring -him  not 
to  thee :  deliver  him  into  my  hand,  and  I 
r^ill  bring  him  to  thee  again.  ^(38)  And 

\K  he  said,  My  son  shall  not  go  down  with 
you  ;  for  his  brother  is  dead,  and  he  only 
is  left :  if  mischief  befall  him  by  the  waj' 
in  the  which  j-e  go,  then  shall  ye  bring 
down  my  gray  hairs  with  sorrow  to  '■  the 
grave. 

43  And  the  famine  was  sore  in  the  land. 
(2)  And  it  came  to  pass,  when  they  had 
eaten  up  the  corn  which  they  had  brought 
out  of  Egypt,  their  father  said  unto  them, 
Go  again,  buy  us  a  little  food.  (3)  And 
Judah  spake  unto  him,  saymg.  The  man 
did  solemnly  protest  unto  us,  saymg,  Ye 
shall  not  see  my  face,  except  your  brother 
be  with  you.  (4)  If  thou  wilt  send  our 
brother  with  us,  we  will  go  down  and  buy 
thee  food :  (.5)  but  if  thou  wilt  not  send 
him,  we  will  not  go  down :  for  the  man 
said  unto  us,  Ye  shall  not  see  my  face, 
except   your  brother  be   with   j'ou.      (6) 

.,  i/And  Israel  said,  Wherefore  dealt  j'e  so  ill 
with  me,  as  to  tell  the  man  whether  ye  had 
yet  a  brother?  (7)  And  they  said,  The 
man  asked  straitly  concerning  ourselves, 
and  concerning  our  kindred,  saying,  Is 
your  father  yet  alive?  have  ye  another 
brother?  and  we  told  him  according  to  the 
tenor  of  these  words :  could  we  iu  any 
wise  know  that  he  would  saj-.  Bring  your 
brother  down?     (8)  And  Judah  said  unto 


Israel  his  father.  Send  the  lad  with  me, 
and  we  will  arise  and  go ;  that  we  may 
live,  and  not  die,  both  we,  and  thou,  and 
also  our  little  ones.  (9)  I  will  be  surety 
for  him  ;  of  my  hand  shalt  thou  require 
him  :  if  I  briug  him  not  unto  thee,  and  set 
him  before  thee,  tlien  ^  let  me  bear  the 
blame  for  ever:  (10)  for  except  we  had 
lingered,  surely  we  had  now  returned  a 
second  time.  (11)  And  their  father  Israel 
said  unto  them.  If  it  be  so  now,  do  this ; 
take  of  the  choice  fruits  of  the  land  iu 
j"Our  vessels,  and  carry  down  the  man  a 
present,  a  little  ^  balm,  and  a  little  honey, 
spicery  and  m3'rrh,  ^  nuts,  and  almonds  : 

(12)  and  take  double  money  iu  your  hand  ; 
and  the  money  that  was  returned  iu  the 
mouth  of  j'our  sacks  cari-y  again  in  your 
hand ;  peradventure  it  was  an  oversight :  . 

(13)  take  also  yourjyother,  and  arise,  go    \ 
again  unto  the  manj/(14)  and  « God  Al-^' 
mighty  give  you  mercy  before  the   man, 
that  he  may  release  unto  you  youi-  other 
brother  and  Benjamin.     And  if  I  be  be- 
reaved of  my  children,  I  am  bereaved.   — ■ 

/  (1.5)  And  the  men  took  that  present,  i 
and  they  took  double  money  in  their  hand, 
and  Benjamin ;  and  rose  up,  and  went 
down  to  Egypt,  and  stood  before  Joseph. 
(16)  And  when  Joseph  saw  Benjamin 
with  them,  he  said  to  the  steward  of  his 
house.  Bring  the  men  into  the  house,  and 
sla}-,  and  make  ready;  for  the  men  shall 
dine  with  me  at  noon.  (17)  And  the  man 
did  as  Joseph  bade  ;  and  the  man  brought 
the  men  into  Joseph's  house.  (18)  And 
the  men  were  afraid,  because  they  were 
brought  into  Joseph's  house ;  and  they 
said,  Becaus'e  of  the  money  that  was  re- 
turned in  our  sacks  at  the  first  time  are  , 
we  brought  in  ;  that  he  may  '  seek  occasion 
against  us,  and  fall  upon  us,  and  take  us 
for  bondmen,  and  our  asses.  (19)  And 
they  came  near  to  the  steward  of  Joseph's 
house,  and  thej'  spake  unto  him  at  the 


*  Or,  upon.        -  Heb.  Sheot.    See  ch.  xsxvii.  3n.        ^  Heb.  1  shall  have  /tinned  against  thee  /or  ever.        *  See  ch. 
Xl.^%ii.  25.        '  That  is,  pistachio  nuts.        «  Heb.  £t  ShaUdai.        '  Heb.  roll  himself  upon  us. 


50 


GENESIS. 


door  of  the  house,  (20)  and  said,  Oh  my 
lord,  we  came  indeed  down  at  the  first 
time  to  buy  food  :  (21)  and  it  came  to  pass, 
when  we  came  to  the  lodging  place,  that 
we  opened  our  sacks,  and,  liehold,  every 
man's  money  was  in  the  mouth  of  his 
sack,  our  money  in  full  weight :  and  we 
have  brought  it  again  in  our  hand.  (22) 
And  other  money  have  we  brought  down 
in  our  hand  to  buy  food  :  we  know  not 
who  put  our  money  m  our  sacks.  (23) 
And  he  said.  Peace  be  to  you,  fear  not : 
your  God,  and  the  God  of  your  fathei', 
hath  given  you  treasure  in  your  sacks :  I 
had  your  money.  And  he  brought  Simeon 
out  unto  them.  (24)  And  the  man  brought 
the  men  into  Joseph's  house,  and  gave 
them  water,  and  they  washed  their  feet ; 
and  he  gave  their  asses  provender.  (25) 
And  they  made  ready  the  present  against 
Joseph  came  at  noon  :  for  they  heard  that 
they  should  eat  bread  there.  (26)  And 
when  Joseph  came  home,  they  brought 
him  the  present  which  was  in  their  hand 
into  the  house,  and  bowed  down  them- 
selves to  him  to  the  earth.  (27)  And  he 
asked  them  of  their  welfare,  and  said.  Is 
your  father  well,  the  old  man  of  whom  ye 
spake?  Is  he  j-et  alive?  (28)  And  they 
.said,  Thy  servant  our  father  is  well,  he  is 
j'et  alive.  And  they  bowed  the  head,  and 
made  obeisance.  (29)  And  he  lifted  up 
his  eyes,  and  saw  Benjamin  his  brother, 
his  mother's  son,  and  said.  Is  this  your 
youngest  brother,  of  whom  ye  spake  unto 
me?  And  he  said,  God  be  gracious  unto 
thee,  my  son.  (30)  And  .Joseph  made 
haste  ;  for  his  bowels  did  j'carn  upon  his 
brother :  and  he  sought  where  to  weep  ; 
and  he  entered  into  his  chamber,  and  wept 
there.  (31)  And  he  washed  his  face,  and 
came  out ;  and  he  refrained  himself,  and 
said,  Set  on  bread.  (32)  And  they  set 
on  for  him  by  himself,  and  for  them  by 
themselves,  and  for  the  Egyptians,  which 
did  eat  with  liim,  bj'  themselves  :  because 


the  Egyptians  might  not  eat  bread  with 
the  Hebrews  ;  for  that  is  an  abomination 
unto  the  Egyptians.  (33)  And  they  sat 
before  him,  the  firstborn  according  to  his 
birthright,  and  the  youngest  according  to 
liis  youth  :  and  the  men  marvelled  one  with 
another.  (34)  And  ^he  took  and  sent 
messes  unto  them  from  before  him :  but 
Benjamin's  mess  ^as  five  times  so  much 
as  any  of  theirs.  And  they  drank,  and 
-were  merry  with  him. 

44  And  he  commanded  the  steward  of 
his  house,  saying.  Fill  the  men's  sacks 
with  food,  as  much  as  they  can  earr}-,  and 
put  every  man's  money  in  his  sack's 
mouth.  (2)  And  put  my  cup,  the  silver 
cup,  in  the  sack's  mouth  of  the  youngest, 
and  his  corn  money.  And  he  did  accord- 
ing to  the  word  that  Joseph  had  spoken. 

(3)  As  soon  as  the  morning  was  light,  the 
men  were  sent  away,  they  and  their  asses. 

(4)  And  when  they  were  gone  out  of  the 
city,  and  were  not  yet  far  off,  Joseph  said 
unto  his  steward,  Up,  follow  after  the 
men  ;  and  when  thou  dost  overtake  them, 
say  unto  them,  AVherefore  have  ye  re- 
warded evil  for  good?  (5)  Is  not  this  it 
in  which  my  lord  drinketh,  and  whereby 
he  indeed  divineth?  ye  have  done  evil  in 
so  doing.  (C)  And  he  overtook  them,  and 
he  spake  unto  them  these  words.  (7) 
And  they  said  unto  him.  Wherefore  speak- . 
eth  my  lord  such  words  as  these?  God 
forbid  that  thy  servants  should  do  such  a 
thing.  (8)  Behold,  the  money,  which  we 
found  in  our  sacks'  moutlis,  we  brought 
again  unto  thee  out  of  the  land  of  Canaan  : 
how  then  should  we  steal  out  of  tliy  lord's 
house  silver  or  gold?  (0)  With  whomso- 
ever of  thj'  servants  it  l>e  found,  lot  him 
die,  and  we  also  will  be  my  lord's  bond- 
men. (10)  And  he  said,  Now  also  let  it 
be  according  unto  your  words :  he  with 
whom  it  is  found  shall  be  my  bondman  ; 
and  ye  shall  be  blameless.  (11)  Then 
they  hasted,  and  took   down   every  man 


1  Or,  laessen  wtra  tuk&n,        *  Ilub.  tXraulc  largelij. 


GENESIS. 


51 


his  sack  to  the  grouml,  and  opened  every 
man  his  sack.  (12)  And  he  searched, 
and  began  at  the  eldest,  and  left  at  the 
youngest :  and  the  cup  was  found  in  Ben- 
jamin's sack.  (13)  Then  they  rent  their 
clothes,  and  laded  every  man  his  ass,  and 
returned  to  the  city.  (14)  And  Judah 
and  his  brethren  came  to  Joseph's  house  ; 
and  he  was  yet  there  :  and  the}'  fell  before 
him  on  the  ground.  (15)  And  Joseph 
said  unto  them.  What  deed  is  this  that  ye 
have  done  ?  know  ye  not  that  such  a  man 
as  I  can  indeed  divine?  (IG)  And  Judah 
said,  A\^hat  shall  we  say  unto  my  lord? 
what  shall  we  speak?  or  how  shall  we 
clear  ourselves?  God  hath  found  out  the 
iniquity  of  thy  sei-vants  :  behold,  we  are 
my  lord's  bondmen,  both  we,  and  he  also 
in  whose  hand  the  cup  is  found.  (17) 
And  he  said,  God  forljid  that  I  should  do 
so :  the  man  in  whose  liand  the  cup  is 
found,  he  shall  be  my  bondman ;  but  as 
for  you,  get  you  up  in  peace  unto  your 
father. 

(18)  Then  Judah  came  near  unto  him, 
and  said.  Oh  my  lord,  let  thy  servant,  I 
pray  thee,  speak  a  word  in  my  lord's  ears, 
and  let  not  thine  anger  burn  against  thy 
servant :  for  thou  art  even  as  Pharaoh. 
(19)  My  lord  asked  liis  servants,  saying. 
Have  ye  a  father,  or  a  1)rotlier?  (20) 
And  we  said  unto  my  lord.  We  have  a 
father,  an  old  man,  and  a  child  of  his  old 
age,  a  little  one  ;  and  his  brother  is  dead, 
and  he  alone  is  left  of  his  mother,  and  his 
father  loveth  him.  (21)  And  thou  saidst 
unto  thy  seiTants,  Bring  him  down  unto 
me,  that  I  may  set  mine  eyes  upon  him. 

(22)  And  we  said  unto  my  lord.  The  lad 
cannot  leave  his  father  :  for  if  he  should 
leave   his   father,  his   father   would   die. 

(23)  And  thou  saidst  unto  thy  servants, 
Except  your  youngest  brother  come  down 
with  you,  ye  shall  see  my  face  no  more. 

(24)  And  it  came  to  pass  when  we  came 


up  unto  thy  servant  my  father,  we  told 
him  tlie  words  of  my  lord.  (25)  And  our 
father  said.  Go  again,  buy  us  a  little  food. 
(26)  And  we  said.  We  cannot  go  down : 
if  our  youngest  brother  be  with  us,  then 
will  we  go  down  :  for  we  may  not  see  the 
man's  face,  except  our  youngest  brother 
be  with  us.  (27)  And  thy  servant  my 
father  said  unto  us.  Ye  know  that  my  wife 
bare  me  two  sons  :  (28)  and  the  one  went 
out  from  me,  and  I  said,  Surely  he  is  torn 
in  pieces  ;  and  I  have  not  seen  him  since  : 
(29)  and  if  ye  take  this  one  also  from  me, 
and  mischief  befall  him,  ye  shall  bring 
down  m}-  gray  hairs  with  ^  sorrow  to  -  the 
grave.  (30)  Now  therefore  when  I  come 
to  thy  sei-vant  my  father,  and  the  lad  be 
not  with  us  ;  seeing  that  ^  his  life  is  bound 
up  in  the  lad's  life  ;  (31)  it  shall  come  to 
pass,  when  he  seeth  that  the  lad  is  not 
with  vs,  that  he  will  die  :  and  thy  servants 
shall  bring  down  the  gray  hairs  of  thy 
servant  our  father  with  sorrow  to  "the 
grave.  (32)  For  thy  sei-vant  became 
surety  for  the  lad  unto  my  father,  saying, 
If  I  bring  him  not  unto  thee,  then  shall 
I  bear  the  blame  to  my  father  for  ever. 
(33)  Now  therefore,  let  thy  servant,  I 
pray  thee,  abide  instead  of  the  lad  a  bond- 
man to  my  lord  ;  and  let  the  lad  go  up 
with  his  brethren.  (34)  For  how  shall  I 
go  up  to  my  father,  and  the  lad  be  not 
with  me  ?  lest  I  see  the  evil  that  shall 
come  on  my  father. 

45  Then  Joseph  could  not  refrain  him- 
self before  all  them  that  stood  by  him  ; 
and    he    cried.   Cause   every    man    to   go   ' 

out  from  meTj  And  there  stood  no  maq l 

with  him,  while  Joseph  made  himself 
known  unto  his  brethren.  (2)  And  he 
■*  wept  aloud  :  I  and  the  Egyptians  heard, 
and  the  house  of  Pharaoh  heard.  (3) 
And  Joseph  said  unto  his  brethren,  I  am 
Joseph  ;  doth  my  father  yet  live  ?  And 
his  brethren  could  not  answer   him  ;  for 


N 


'  Heb.  evU.        '  Heb.  S/ieot.    See  ch.  xxxvli.  35. 
*  Heb.  gave/orth  his  voice  in  weeping. 


3  Or,  his  soul  is  knit  with  the  lad's  soul.    See  1  Sam.  zvlii.  1. 


52 


GENESIS. 


i 


they  were  troubled  at  his  presence.  (4) 
And  Joseph  said  unto  his  brethren,  Come 
near  to  me,  I  pray  you.  And  they  came 
near.  And  he  said,  I  am  Joseph  your 
brother,  wliom  ye  sold  into  Egypt.      (5) 

^  And  now  be  not  grieved,Ji mi  angry  with 
yourselves, /that  ye  sola  me  hither^  for 
God  did  send  me  before  you  to  preserve 
life.  (6)  For  these  two  years  hath  the 
famine  been  in  the  land :  and  there  are 
yet  five  years,  in  the  which  there  shall  be 
neither  plowing  nor  harvest.  (7)  And 
God  sent  me  before  you  to  preserve  j'ou 
a  remnant  in  the  earth,  and  to  save  j'ou 
alive  *by  a  great  deliverance.  (8)  So 
now  it  was  not  j'ou  that  sent  me  hither, 
but  God :  and  he  hath  made  me  a  father 
to  Pharaoh,  and  lord  of  all  his  house,  and 

Jjruler   over   all   the  land  of  Egypt.  IT^) 

^  Haste  }'e,  and  go  up  to  my  father,  and 
say  unto  him,  Thus  saith  thy  son  Joseph, 
God  hath  made  me  lord  of  all  Egypt : 
come  down  unto  me,  tarry  not :  (10)  and 
thou  shalt  dwell  in  the  land  of  Goshen, 
and  thou  shalt  be  near  unto  me,  thou,  and 
til}-  children,  and  thy  children's  children, 
and  thy  flocks,  and  thy  herds,  and  all  that 
thou  hast:  (11)  and  there  will  I  nourish 
thee  ;  for  there  are  yet  five  years  of  fam- 
ine ;  lest  thou  come  to  poverty,  thou,  and 

^thj-  household,  and  all  that  thou  hastj  (12) 

And,  behold,  your  eyes  see,  and  the  eyes 

of  my  brother  Benjamin,  that  jt   is  my 

f^mouth  that  speaketh  unto  you.  (_(13)  And 

\Kye  shall  tell  my  father  of  all  my  glory  in 
Egypt,  and  of  all  that  j'e  have  seen  ;  and 
ye  shall  haste  and  bring  down  my  father 
hither.  (14)  And  he  fell  upon  his  brother 
Benjamin's  neck,  and  wept ;  and  Benja- 

'^^jnin  wept  upon  his  neck.  (1.5)  And  he 
kissed  all  his  brethrenT^nd  wept  upon 
them  :  and  after  that  his  brethren  talked 
with  him. 

(16)  And  the  fame  thereof  was  heard 
in  Pharaoh's  house,  saying,  Joseph's 
brethren  arc  come  :  and  it  pleased  Pha- 


raoh well,  and   his  servants.     (17)  And 
Pharaoh  said  unto  Joseph,  Say  unto  thy        i 
brethren.  This  do  ye ;  lade  your  beasts, 
and  go,  get  you  unto  the  land  of  Canaan  ; 
(18)  and  take  your  father  and  your  house-        ; 
holds,  and  come  unto  me  :  and  I  will  give        i 
you  the  good  of  the  land  of  Egypt,  and       ■  i 
ye  shall  eat  the  fat  of  the  land,  [{vj )  Nowl    j 
thou  art  commanded,  this  do  ye  ;  take  you  -^ 
wagons  out  of  the  land  of  Egypt  for  your 
little  ones,  and  for  your  wives,  and  bring 
your  father,  and  come.     (20)  Also  regard 
not  your  stuff;    for  the  good  of  all  the        j 
laud  of  Egj'pt  is  yours.     (21)  And  the  ^' 

sons  of  Israel  did  soTjand  Joseph  gave, \ 

them  wagons,  accordmg  to  the  command- 
ment of  Pharaoh,  and  gave  them  provis- 
ion for  the  way.  (22)  To  all  of  them  he 
gave  each  man  changes  of  raiment ;  but 
to  Benjamin  he  gave  three  hundred  pieces 
of  silver,  and  five  changes  of  raiment. 
(23)  And  to  his  father  he  sent  after  this 
manner ;  ten  asses  laden  with  the  good 
things  of  Egypt,  and  ten  she-asses  laden 
with  corn  and  bread  and  victual  for  his 
father  by  the  way.  (24)  So  he  sent  his 
brethren  away,  and  thej'  departed :  and 
he  said  unto  them.  See  that  ye  fall  not  out 
by  the  way.  (25)  And  they  went  up  out  of 
Egypt,  and  came  into  the  laud  of  Canaan 
unto  Jacob  their  father.  (20)  And  they 
told  him,  saying,  Joseph  is  yet  alive,  and 
he  is  ruler  over  all  the  land  of  Egypt. 
And  his  heart  fainted,  for  he  believed 
them  not.  (27)  And  they  told  him  all  the 
words  of  Joseph,  which  he  had  said  unto 
them  :  and  when  he  saw  the  wagons  which 
Joseph  had  sent  to  cari-y  him,  the  spirit 
of  Jacob  their  father  re\aved :  ((28)  and^^ 
Israel  said.  It  is  enough  ;  Josepn  my  son 
is  yot  alive  :  I  will  go  and  see  him  before 
I  die. 

46  And  Israel  took  his  journey  with  all  K 
that  he  hadJ  and  came  to  Bcer-sheba,  and    \    ' 
offered  sacrifices  unto  the  God  of  his  fa- 
ther  Isaac.      (2)  And   God   spake    unto 


*  Or,  to  be  ti  grtut  coinpttwj  that  encape. 


GENESIS. 


53 


Israel  in  the  visions  of  the  night,  and  said, 
Jacob,  Jacob.  And  he  said,  Here  am  I. 
(3)  And  he  said,  I  am  God,  the  God  of 
thy  father:  fear  not  to  go  down  into 
Egypt ;  for  I  will  there  make  of  thee  a 
great  nation  :  (4)  I  will  go  down  with  thee 
into  Egypt ;  and  I  will  also  surely  bring 
thee  up  again :  and  Joseph  shall  put  his 
hand  upon  thine  eyes.  (5)  And  Jacob 
rose  up  from  Beer-sheba :  and  the  sons  of 
Israel  carried  Jacob  their  father,  and  their 
little  ones,  and  their  wives,  in  the  wagons 
which  Pharaoh  had  sent  to  cany  him.  (6) 
And  they  took  their  cattle,  and  their  goods, 
which  they  had  gotten  in  the  land  of  Ca- 
naan, and  came  into  Egypt,  Jacob,  and  all 
his  seed  with  him:  (7)  his  sons,  and  his 
sons'  sons  with  him,  his  daughters,  and 
his  sons'  daughtei-s,  and  all  his  seed 
brought  he  with  him  into  Egypt. 

(8)  And  these  are  the  names  of  the 
children  of  Israel,  which  came  into  Egypt, 
Jacob  and  his  sons :  Reuben,  Jacob's 
firstborn.  (9)  And  the  sons  of  Reuben; 
Ilanoch,  and  Pallu,  and  Hezron,  and  Car- 
mi.  (10)  And  the  sons  of  Simeon  ;  '  Je- 
muel,  and  Jamin,  and  Ohad,  and  -^  Jachin, 
and  "  Zohar,  and  Shaul  the  son  of  a  Ca- 
naanitish  woman.  (11)  And  the  sons  of 
Levi ;  *  Gershon,  Kohath,  and  Merari. 
(12)  And  the  sons   of  Judah ;  Er,    and 

?Onan,  and  Shelah,  and  Perez,  and  Zerah  : 
but  Er  and  Onan  died  in  the  land  of  Ca- 
naan. And  the  sous  of  Perez  were  Ilez- 
ron  and  Hamul.  (13)  And  the  sons  of 
'  Issachar ;  Tola,  and  ^  Puvah,  and  lob,  and 
Shimron.  (14)  And  the  sous  of  Zebulun  : 
Sered,  and  Elon,  and  Jahleel.  (15)  These 
are  the  sons  of  Leah,  which  she  bare  unto 
Jacob  in  Paddan-aram,  with  his  daughter 
Dinah :  all  the  souls  of  his  sons  and  his 
d.iughtcrs  were  thirty  and  three.  (IC) 
And  the  sons  of  Gad;  "Ziphion,  and 
Hasgi,    Shuiii,    and    'Ezbon,    Eri,    ami 


"Arodi,  and  Areli.  (17)  And  the  sons 
of  Asher ;  Imuah,  and  Ishvah,  and  Ishvi, 
and  Beriah,  and  Serah  their  sister:  and 
the  sous  of  Beriah  ;  Ileber,  and  Malchiel. 
(18)  These  are  the  sous  of  Zilpah,  which 
Laban  gave  to  Leah  his  daughter,  and 
these  she  bare  unto  Jacob,  even  sixteen 
souls.  (19)  The  sons  of  Rachel  Jacob's 
wife ;  Joseph  and  Benjamin.  (20)  And 
unto  Joseph  in  the  land  of  Egypt  were 
born  Mauasseh  and  Ephraim,  which  Asc- 
nath  the  daughter  of  Poti-phera  priest  of 
On  bare  unto  him.  (21)  And  the  sous  of 
Benjamin  ;  Bela,  and  Bccher,  and  Ashbel, 
Gera,  and  Naaman,  °  Ehi,  and  Rosh, 
'"  Muppim,  and  "  Huppim,  and  Ard.  (22) 
Those  are  the  sons  of  Rachel,  which  were 
Iwrn  to  Jacob :  all  the  souls  were  four- 
teen. (23)  And  the  sons  of  Dan  ;  '-  Hu- 
shim.  (24)  And  the  sous  of  Naphtali ; 
'^  Jahzeel,  and  Guui,  and  Jezer,  and  "  Shil- 
lem.  (25)  These  are  the  sons  of  Bilhah, 
which  Laban  gave  unto  Rachel  his  daugh- 
ter, and  these  she  bare  unto  Jacob :  all 
the  souls  were  seven.  (2G)  All  the  "  souls 
that  came  with  Jacob  into  Egypt,  which 
came  out  of  his  loins,  besides  Jacob's 
sons'  wives,  all  the  souls  were  threescore 
and  six;  (27)  and  the  sons  of  Joseph, 
which  were  born  to  him  in  Egypt,  were 
two  souls :  all  the  souls  of  the  house  of 
Jacob,  which  came  into  Egypt,  were  three- 
score and  ten. 

/(28)  And  he  sent  Judah  liefore  him 
unto  Joseph,  to  shew  the  way  before  him 
unto  Goshen  ;  and  they  came  into  the  land 
of  Goshen.  (29)  And  Joseph  made  ready 
his  chariot,  and  went  up  to  meet  Israel  his 
father,  to  Goshen  ;  and  he  presented  him- 
self unto  him,  and  fell  on  his  neck,  and 
wept  on  his  neck  a  good  while.  (30)  And 
Israel  said  unto  Joseph,  Now  let  me  die, 
since  I  have  seeu  thy  face,  that  thou  art 
yet  alive.     (31)  And   Joseph   said   unto 


»  In  Num.  xxvi.  12,  1  Chr.  iv.  24,  Nemuel.  «  In  1  Chr.  iv.  24,  Janb.  =  In  Num.  xsvi.  13,  1  Chr.  iv.  24,  Zerah. 
*  In  1  Chr.  vi.  16,  Gershom.  6  In  1  Chr.  vii.  1,  Ptiaht  Jashub.  See  Num.  xsvi.  23,  24.  "^  In  Num.  xxvi.  15,  Zephon. 
1  In  Num.  xsvi.  16,  Ozni.  "  In  Num.  xxvi.  17,  Arot/,  ^  In  Num.  xx\i.  38,  Ahiram.  ^f  In  Num.  xxvi.  39,  Shephu- 
pham,  in  1  Chr.  vii.  12,  Shtippim.  "  In  Num.  xxvi.  .39,  Ilupham.  ^3  Iq  Num.  xxvi.  42,  Shuham.  is  in  i  Chr. 
vii.  IZ.Jahzitl.       '*  lu  1  Chr.  vii.  13,  HAuUutn,       '»  Or,  aoulu  belonging  tu  Jacob  that  came. 


54 


GENESIS. 


his  brethren,  and  unto  his  father's  house, 
I  will  go  up,  and  tell  Pharaoh,  and  will 
say  unto  him,  My  brethren,  and  ni}-  fa- 
ther's house,  which  were  in  the  land  of  Ca- 
naan, are  come  unto  me ;  (32)  and  the 
men  are  shepherds,  for  they  have  been 
keepers  of  caf tic  :  and  they  have  brought 
their  flocks,  and  their  herds,  and  all  that 
they  have.  (33)  And  it  shall  come  to 
pass,  when  Pharaoh  shall  call  you,  and 
shall  say.  What  is  your  occupation?  (34) 
that  ye  shall  say.  Thy  servants  have  been 
keepers  of  cattle  from  our  youth  even  un- 
til now,  both  we,  and  our  fathers  :  that  ye 
may  dwell  hi  the  laud  of  Goshen ;  for 
every  shepherd  is  an  abomination  unto  the 
Egyptians. 

47  Then  Joseph  went  in  and  told  Pha- 
raoh, and  said,  My  father  and  my  brethren, 
and  their  flocks,  and  their  herds,  and  all 
that  they  have,  arc  come  out  of  the  land 
of  Canaan  ;  and,  behold,  they  are  in  the 
land  of  Goshen.  (2)  And  from  among  his 
brethren  he  took  five  men,  and  presented 
them  unto  Pharaoh.  (3)  And  Pharaoh 
said  unto  his  brethren,  What  is  your  occu- 
pation ?  And  they  said  unto  Pharaoh,  Tliy 
servants  are  shepherds,  both  we,  and  our 
fathers.  |  (  l)  And  they  said  unto  Pharaoh, 
To  sojourn  in  the  land  are  we  come  ;  for 
there  is  no  pasture  for  thy  servants'  flocks  ; 
for  the  famine  is  sore  m  the  land  of  Ca- 
naan :  now  therefore,  we  pray  thee,  let 
thy  seiTants  dwell  in  the  land  of  Goshen. 
(5)  And  Pharaoh  spake  unto  Joseph,  say- 
ing. Thy  father  and  thy  brethren  are  come 
unto  thee  :  (6)  the  land  of  Egypt  is  before 
thee ;  in  the  liest  of  the  land  make   thy 

\  father  and  thy  brethren  to  dwell  ;TTn  the 
land  of  Goshen  let  them  dwell :  and  if 
thou  knowest  any  '  able  men  among  them, 

'  then  make  them  rulers  over  my  cattle^ 
(7)  And  Joseph  brought  in  Jacob  his 
father,  and  set  him  before  Pharaoh  :  and 
Jacob  blessed   Pharaoh.      (8)   And   Pha- 


raoh said  unto  Jacob,  How  many  are  the 
days  of  the  years  of  thy  life?  (9)  And 
Jacob  said  unto  Pharaoh,  The  days  of  the 
years  of  my  "  pilgrimage  are  an  hundred 
and  thirty  years  :  few  and  evil  have  l^een 
the  days  of  the  j-ears  of  ray  life,  and  they 
have  not  attained  unto  the  days  of  the 
jears  of  the  life  of  my  fathers  in  the  days 
of  their  ''pilgrimage.  (10)  And  Jacob 
blessed  Pharaoh,  and  went  out  from  the 
presence  of  Pharaoh.  (11)  And  Joseph 
placed  his  father  and  his  brethren,  and 
gave  them  a  possession  in  the  land  of 
Egypt,  in  the  best  of  the  land,  in  the  land 

of  Rameses.  a.s  Pharaoh  had  commanded; 

(12)  And  Joseph  nourished  his  father,  and   | 
his  brethren,  and  all  his  father's  house- vj^ 
hold,  with  bread,  '  according  to  their  fam- 
ilies. 

(13)  And  there  was  no  bread  in  all  the 
land  ;  for  the  famine  was  very  sore,  so 
that  the  land  of  Egypt  and  the  land  of 
Canaan  fainted  by  reason  of  the  famine. 
(14)  And  Joseph  gathered  up  all  the 
money  that  was  found  in  the  land  of 
Egypt,  and  in  the  land  of  Canaan,  for 
the  corn  which  they  bought :  and  Joseph 
brought  the  money  into  Pharaoh's  house. 
(1.5)  And  when  the  money  was  all  spent 
in  the  land  of  Egypt,  and  in  the  land  of 
Canaan,  all  the  Egyptians  came  unto  Jo- 
seph, and  said,  Give  us  bread  :  for  why 
should  we  die  in  thy  presence?  for  ortr 
money  faileth.  (IG)  And  Joseph  said. 
Give  your  cattle  ;  and  I  will  give  you  for 
your  cattle,  if  money  faU.  (17)  And 
they  brought  their  cattle  unto  Joseph : 
and  Joseph  gave  them  bread  in  exchange 
for  the  horses,  and  for  the  *  flocks,  and 
for  the  herds,  and  for  the  asses :  and  he 
^  fed  them  with  bread  in  exchange  for  all 
their  cattle  for  that  year.  (18)  And  when 
that  year  was  ended,  they  came  unto  him 
the  second  year,  and  said  unto  him,  We 
will  not  hide  from  my  lord,  how  that  our 


>  Or,  men  of  aelieili/.        -  Or,  sojourninga.        '  Or,  according  to  the  number  of  their  little  ones. 
of  the  flocks,  dnii/ur  the  cattle  uf  the  heriia.       >  Ileb.  led  them  as  u  shepherU. 


'  Heb.  cattle 


GENESIS. 


55 


V 


i 


money  is  all  spent ;  ami  the  herds  of  cat- 
tle are  my  lord's  ;  there  is  nought  left  in 
the  sight  of  my  lord,  but  our  bodies,  and 
our  lauds:  (19)  wherefore  should  we  die 
before  thine  eyes,  both  we  and  our  land? 
buy  us  and  our  laud  for  bread,  and  we 
and  our  land  will  be  servants  unto  Pha- 
raoh :  and  give  us  seed,  that  we  may  live, 
and  not  die,  and  that  the  land  be  not 
desolate.  (20)  So  Joseph  bought  all  the 
land  of  Egypt  for  Pharaoh  ;  for  the  Egyp- 
tians sold  every  mau  his  field,  because  the 
famine  was  sore  upon  them  :  and  the  land 
became  Pharaoh's.  (21)  And  as  for  the 
people,  'he  removed  them  *to  the  cities 
from  one  end  of  the  border  of  Egjpt  even 
to  the  other  end  thereof.  (22)  Only  the 
land  of  the  priests  bought  he  not :  for 
the  priests  had  a  portion  from  Pharaoh, 
and  did  eat  their  portion  which  Pharaoh 
gave  them  ;  wlierefore  they  sold  not  their 
land.  (23)  Then  .Joseph  said  unto  the 
people.  Behold,  I  have  bought  you  this 
day  and  your  laud  for  Pharaoh :  lo,  here 
is  seed  for  you,  and  ye  shall  sow  the  land. 
(24)  And  it  shall  come  to  pass  at  the  m- 
gatherings,  that  ye  shall  give  a  fifth  unto 
Pharaoh,  and  four  parts  shall  be  your 
own,  for  seed  of  the  field,  and  for  your 
food,  and  for  them  of  your  households, 
and  for  food  for  j-our  little  ones.  (25) 
And  they  said.  Thou  hast  saved  our  lives  : 
let  us  find  grace  in  the  sight  of  my  lord, 
and  we  will  be  Pharaoh's  servants.  (26) 
And  .Joseph  made  it  a  statute  concerning 
the  land  of  Egypt  unto  this  day,  that 
Pharaoh  should  have  the  fifth  ;  only  the 
land  of  the  priests  alone  became  not  Pha- 
raoh's. (27)  And  Israel  dwelt  in  the 
>  land  of  Egypt,  in  the  land  of  Goshen  j 
and  they  gat  them  possessions  therein, 
and  were  fruitful,  and  multiplied  exceed- 
ingly. 

(28)  And  Jacob  lived  in  the  land  of 
Egypt   seventeen  years :    so  the  days  of 


Jacob,  the  years  of  his  life,  were  an  hun- 
dred forty  and  seven  years.  [^9)  And  theT 
time  drew  near  that  Israel  must  die  :  aud  he 
called  his  son  Joseph,  and  said  unto  him, 
If  now  I  liave  found  grace  iu  thy  sight,  put, 
I  pray  thee,  thy  hand  under  my  thigh,  and 
deal  kindly  and  truly  with  me ;  bury  me 
not,  I  praj'  thee,  in  Egypt :  (30)  but  when 
I  sleep  with  m^-  fathers,  thou  shalt  carry 
me  out  of  Egypt,  and  liury  me  in  their 
buryiugplace.  And  he  said,  I  will  do  as 
thou  hast  said.  (31)  And  he  said.  Swear 
unto  me :  and  he  sware  unto  him.  And 
Israel  bowed  himself  upon  the  bed's  head.  ^ 

48  And  it  came  to  pass  after  these 
things,  that  one  said  to  Joseph,  Behold, 
thy  father  is  sick :  and  he  took  with  him 
his  two  sons,  Manasseh  and  Ephraim. 
(2)  And  one  told  Jacob,  and  said.  Behold, 
thy  son  Joseph  cometh  unto  thee :  /a,nd 
Israel  strengthened  himself,  and  sat  upon 
the  bed.  <  (3)  And  Jacob  said  unto  J 
seph,  ^  God  Almighty  appeared  unto  me  at 
Luz  in  the  land  of  Canaan,  and  blessed 
me,  (4)  and  said  unto  me.  Behold,  I  will 
make  thee  fruitful,  and  multiply  thee,  and 
I  will  make  of  thee  a  company  of  peoples  ; 
aud  will  give  this  land  to  thy  seed  after 
thee  for  an  everlasting  possession.  (5) 
And  now  thy  two  sons,  which  were  born 
unto  thee  in  the  land  of  Egypt  before  I 
came  unto  thee  into  Egypt,  are  mine ; 
Ephraim  and  Manasseh,  even  as  Reuben 
and  Simeon,  shall  he  mine.  (6)  And  thy 
issue,  which  thou  *begettest  after  them, 
shall  be  thine  ;  they  shall  be  called  after 
the  name  of  their  brethren  in  their  inherit- 
ance. (7)  And  as  for  me,  when  I  came 
from  Paddan,  Rachel  died  ^  by  me  in  the 
land  of  Canaan  in  the  way,  when  there 
was  still  some  way  to  come  unto  Ephrath  : 
and  I  buried  her  there  in  the  way  to 
Ephrath  (the  same  is  Beth-lehem).  (8) 
And  Israel  beheld  Joseph's  sons,  and  said. 
Who   are   these?     (9)  And  Joseph   said 


/N 


'  According  lo  Saraar.,  Sept.  Snd  Vulg.,  he  made  bondmen  of  them,  from  d.c.        *  Or,  according  to  their  cities. 
8  Heb.  £i  Shaddai.        *  Or,  hast  begotten.        c  Or,  to  my  sorrow* 


56 


GENESIS. 


unto  bis  father,  They  are  my  sons,  whom 
^God  hath  given  me  here.  'And  he  said, 
Bring  them,  I  pray  thee,  unto  me,  and  I 
will  bless  them.  (10)  Now  the  eyes  of 
Israel  were  dim  for  age,  so  that  he  could 
not  see^  And  he  brought  them  near  unto 


him ;  and  he  kissed  them,  and  embraced 
them.  (11)  And  Israel  said  unto  Joscpli, 
I  had  not  thought  to  see  thy  face :  and, 
lo,  God  hath  let  me  see  thy  seed  also. 
(12)  And  Joseph  brought  them  out  from 
between  his  knees  ;  and  he  bowed  himself 
Pwith  his  face  to  the  earth.  (j^S)  And  Jo- 
vyBeph  took  them  both,  Ephraim  in  his  right 
hand  toward  Israel's  left  hand,  and  Man- 
asseh  in  his  left  hand  toward  Israel's  right 
hand,  and  brought  them   near  unto  him. 

(14)  And  Israel  stretched  out  his  right 
hand,  and  laid  it  upon  Ephraim's  head, 
who  was  the  younger,  and  his  left  hand 
upon  Manasseh's  head,  '  guiding  his  hands 
wittingly  ;  for  Manasseh  was  thefirst  born. 

(15)  And  he  blessed  Joseph,  and  said, 
The  God  before  whom  my  fathers  Abra- 
ham and  Isaac  did  walk,  the  God  which 
hath  fed  me  all  my  life  long  unto  this  day, 

(16)  the  angel  which  hath  redeemed  me 
from  all  evil,  bless  the  lads  ;  and  let  my 
name  be  named  on  them,  and  the  name  of 
my  fathers  Abraham  and  Isaac ;  and  let 
them  grow  into  a  multitude  in  the  midst 
of  the  earth.  (17)  And  when  Joseph  saw 
that  Jiis  father  laid  his  right  hand  upon 
the  head  of  Ephraim,  it  displeased  him : 
and  he  held  up  his  father's  hand,  to  re- 
move it  from  Ephraim's  head  unto  Manas- 
seh's head.  (18)  And  Joseph  said  unto 
his  father.  Not  so,  my  father :  for  this  is 
the  firstborn  ;  put  tliy  right  hand  upon  his 
head.  (19)  And  his  father  refused,  and 
said,  I  know  it,  my  son,  I  know  it :  he  also 
shall  become  a  people,  and  he  also  shall 
be  great:  howbeit  his  younger  brother 
shall   be   greater  than   he,   and   his  seed 

^  shall    become   ^  a   multitude   of   nationD 


(20)  And  he  blessed  them  that  day,  say- 
ing, ^  In  thee  shall  Israel  bless,  saying, 
God  make  thee  as  Ephraim  and  as  Manas- 
seh :  and  he  set  Ephraim  before  Manas- 
seh. (21)  And  Israel  said  unto  Joseph, 
Behold,  I  die  :  but  God  shall  be  with  you, 
and  bring  you  again  unto  the  land  of  your 
fathers.  (22)  Moreover  I  have  given  to 
thee  one  *  portion  above  thy  brethren, 
which  I  took  out  of  the  hand  of  the  Amor- 
ite  with  my  sword  and  with  my  bow. 

49  And  Jacob  called  unto  his  sons,|_n^iKl 
>:iiii  :   (latlier  yourselves   togellier,   tiiat  I 


inay  tell  jou  that  which  shall  befall  you 
1  the  latter  days. 
(2)  Assemble  youreelves,  and  hear,  ye 

sons  of  Jacol) ; 
And  hearken  unto  Israel  yoiu'  father. 
(■'>)  Reuben,   thou  art  my   firstborn, 

my  might,  and  the  ^beginning  of 

my  strength  ; 
Tlif  excellency  of  dignity,  and  the  cx- 

celleucj'  of  power. 
(  1 )  ''Unstable  as  water,  '  thou  shalt  not 

iiave  tiie  excellencj' ; 
Because  thou  wentest  up  to  thy  father's 

bed: 
Then  defilcdst  thou  it :  he  went  up  to 

my  couch. 
(5)  Simeon  and  Levi  .ire  brethren  ; 
Weapons  of  violence  are  their  *  swords. 
(G)  O  my  soul,  come  not  thou  into  their 

'  council ; 
Unto  their  assembly,  my  glory,  be  not 

thou  united  ; 
For  in  their  anger  they  slew  '"  a  man. 
And  in  their  selfwill  they  houghed  "  an 

ox. 
(7)  Cursed  be  their  anger,  for  it  was 

fierce ; 
And  their  wi-ath,  for  it  was  cruel : 
1  will  divide  them  in  Jacob, 
And  scatter  them  in  Israel. 

(8)  Judah,   tliPO    plinll    tliy   bretliren 

praise : 


.  Or  croanino  his  hamlx.  =  Ilcb.  /uliifas.  ■'  Oi-,  Bi/.  *  Or,  mouiitnin  ilope.  Heb.  ahechem.  shoulder, 
e  Or,  flrstfruitH.  «  Or,  Bubbling  over.  '  Or,  haw  nut  Ihou.  «  Or,  compacts.  •  Or,  Hccrel.  '»  Or,  viai, 
11  Or,  oxen. 


GENESIS. 


57 


<y 


Thy  hand  shall  be  on  the  neck  of  thine 
enemies ; 

Thy  father's  sons  shall  bow  down  be- 
fore thee. 

(9)  Judah  is  a  lion's  whelp  ; 

From  the  prey,  my  sou,  thou  art  gone  up : 
He  stooped  down,  he  couched  as  a  lion, 
And  as  a  lioness ;  who  shall  ronse  him  up  ? 

(10)  The  sceptre  shall  not  depart  from 
Judah, 

Nor  '  the  ruler's  staff  from  between  his 

feet, 
^  Until  Shiloh  come  ; 
And  unto  him  shall  the  obedience  of  the 

peoples  be. 

(11)  Binding  his  foal  unto  the  vine. 
And  his  ass's  colt  unto  the  choice  vine  ; 
He  hath  washed  his  garments  in  w'ine, 
And  his  vesture  in  the  blood  of  grapes  : 

(12)  His  eyes  shall  be  red  with  wine, 
And  his  teeth  white  with  milk. 

(13)  Zebulun  shall  dwell  at  the  ^  haven 
of  the  sea : 

And  he  shall  be  for  an  '  haven  of  ships  ; 
And  his  border  shall  be  ''  upon  Zidon. 

(14)  Issaehar  is  a  strong  ass. 
Couching  down  between  the  sheepfolds  : 
(15)  And  he  saw  ^a  resting  place  that 

it  was  good, 
And  the  land  that  it  was  pleasant ; 
And  he  bowed  his  shoulder  to  bear, 
And  became  a  servant  under  taskwork. 

(16)  Dan  shall  judge  his  people, 
As  one  of  the  tribes  of  Israel. 

(17)  Dau  shall  be  a  serpent  in  the  way, 
An  "  adder  in  the  path, 

That  biteth  the  horse's  heels. 

So  that  his  rider  falleth  backward. 

(18)  I  have  waited  for  thy  salvation,  O 
Loud. 

(19)  Gad, '  a  troop  ^  shall  press  upon 
him : 
But  he  shall  press  upon  their  heel. 


(20)  "Out  of  Asher  his  bread  shall 
be  fat, 

And  he  shall  yield  royal  dainties. 

(21)  Naphtali  is  a  hind  let  loose : 
He  giveth  goodly  words. 

(22)  Joseph  is  ^"a  fruitful  bough, 
A  fruitful  bough  by  a  fountain  ; 
His  ^'  branches  run  over  the  wall. 

(23)  The  archers  have   sorely  grieved 
him. 

And  shot  at  him,  and  persecuted  him  : 

(24)  But  his  bow  abode  in  strength, 

And  the  arms  of  his  hands  were  made 

'^  strong. 
By  the   hands  of    the  Mighty  One   of 

.Jacob, 
("From    thence   is   the  shepherd,  the 

stone  of  Israel,) 
(2.5)   Even  by  the  God  of  thy  father, 

who  .shall  help  thee. 
And  by  the  Almighty,  who  shall  bless 

thee. 
With  blessings  of  heaven  above, 
Blessings  of  the  deep  that  coucheth  be- 
neath. 
Blessings   of   the   breasts,   and   of  the 

womb. 
(26)  The  blessings  of  thy  father 
Have  prevailed  above  "  the  blessings  of 

my  progenitors 
Unto  the  utmost  bound  of  the  everlast- 
ing hills : 
They  siiall  be  on  the  head  of  Joseph, 
And  on  the  crown  of  the  head  of  him 
''  that  was  separate  from  his  breth- 
,     ren. 

(  (27)  Benjamin  is  a  wolf  that  ravin- 

^    eth: 

In  the  morning  he  shall  devour  the  prey,  / 

And  at  even  he  shall  divide  the  spoil. ) 

(28)  All  these  are  the  twelve  tribes  of 

Israel :   and   this   is   it  that  their  father 

spake  unto  them  and  blessed  them ;  every 


t 


•  Or,  a  lawgiver.  ^  Or,  Till  he  come  to  Shi/oh,  having  the  obedience  of  the  peoplen.  Or,  as  read  by  the  Sept., 
Until  that  which  is  his  shall  come  <&c.  Another  ancient  rendering  is,  Till  he  come  ichose  it  is  t^c.  ^  Heh.  beach, 
*  Or,  by.  ^  Or,  rest.  ''•  Or,  hotmed  sjiake.  ''  Heb.  geditd,  a  marauding  band.  *  Heb.  gad,  to  press.  ^  Ac- 
cording to  some  ancient  versiotiB,  Asher,  his  bread  t£-c.  '"  Heb.  the  son  of  a  fruitful  tree.  "  Heb.  daughters, 
1-  Or,  active.  "  Or,  From  thence,  from  the  fthepherd.  Or,  as  otherwise  read,  By  the  name  of  the  -shepherd. 
"  According  t<  some  ancient  authorities,  the  blessings  of  the  aiitient  mountains,  the  desire  (or,  desirable  things)  of 
the  everlasting  hills.        i^  Or,  that  is  prince  among. 


58 


GENESIS. 


one  accoitliug  to  his  blessing  he  blessed 
them.  (29)  And  he  charged  them,  and 
said  unto  them,  I  am  to  be  gathered  unto 
my  people :  bury  me  with  my  fathers  in 
.  the  cave  that  is  in  the  field  of  Ephron  the 
Hittite,  (30)  in  the  cave  that  is  in  the 
field  of  Machpelah,  which  is  before  Mamre, 
in  the  land  of  Canaan,  which  Abraham 
bought  with  the  field  from  Ephrou  the  Hit- 
tite for  a  possession  of  a  buryingplace : 
(31)  there  they  buried  Abraham  and 
Sarah  his  wife ;  there  they  buried  Isaac 
and  Ilebekah  his  wife  ;  and  there  I  buried 
Leah:  (32)  the  field  and  the  cave  that  is 
therein,  which  was  purchased  from  the 
children  of  Ileth.     (33)  And  when  Jacob 

1  I  made  an  end  of  charging  his  sons,[he 

'^j  gathered  up  his  feet  into   the   be^  and 

yielded  up  the  ghost,  and  was   gathered 

Junto   his   people.  /  50    And  Joseph    fell 

\(/upon  his  father's  face,  and  wept  upon 
him,  and  kissed  him.  (2)  And  Joseph 
commanded  liis  servants  the  physicians  to 
embalm  his  father :  aud  the  physicians 
embalmed  Israel.  (3)  And  forty  days 
were  fulfilled  for  him  ;  for  so  are  fulfilled 
the  days  of  embalming :  and  the  Egyp- 
tians wept  for  him  threescore  and  ten 
days. 

(4)  And  when  the  days  of  weeping  for 
him  were  past,  Joseph  spake  unto  the 
house  of  Pharaoh,  saying,  If  now  I  have 
found  grace  in  your  eyes,  speak,  I  pray 
you,  in  the  ears  of  Pharaoh,  saying,  (5) 
My  father  made  me  swear,  saying,  Lo,  I 
die :  in  my  grave  which  I  ^  have  digged 
for  me  in  the  land  of  Canaan,  there  shalt 
thou  bury  me.  Now  therefore  let  me  go 
up,  I  pray  thee,  and  bury  my  father,  and 
I  will  come  again.  (6)  And  Pharaoh 
said.  Go  up,  and  bury  thy  father,  accord- 
ing as  he  made  thee  swear.  (7)  And 
Joseph  went  up  to  bury  his  father :  and 
with  him  went  up  all  the  servants  of  Pha- 
raoh, the  elders  of  his  house,  and  all  the 
elders  of  the  land  of  Egypt,  (8)  and  all 


the  house  of  Joseph,  and  his  bretluen, 
and  his  father's  house  :  only  their  little 
ones,  and  their  flocks,  and  their  herds, 
they  left  in  the  land  of  Goshen.  (9) 
And  there  went  up  with  him  both  chariots 
and  horsemen :  and  it  was  a  very  great 
company.  (10)  And  they  came  to  the 
threshing-floor  of  Atad,  which  is  beyond 
Jordan,  and  there  they  lamented  with  a 
very  great  and  sore  lamentation  :  and  he 
made  a  mourning  for  his  father  seven 
days.  (11)  Aud  when  the  inhabitants  of 
the  land,  the  Canaanites,  saw  the  mourn- 
ing in  the  floor  of  Atad,  they  said,  This 
is  a  grievous  -  mourning  to  the  Egyptians ; 
wherefore  the  name  of  it  was  called  Abel- 
mizraim,  which  is  beyond  Jordan.  (12)_ 
And  his  sons  did  unto  him  according  as 
he  commanded  them:  (13)  for  his  sons 
can-ied  him  into  the  land  of  Canaan,  and 
buried  him  in  the  cave  of  the  field  of 
Machpelah,  which  Abraham  Ijought  with 
the  field,  for  a  possession  of  a  burying- 
place, of  Ephron  the  Hittite,  before 
Mamre. 

'  (14)  And  Joseph  returned  into  Egypt, 
he,  and  his  brethren,  and  all  that  went  up 
with  him  to  bui-y  his  father,  after  he  had 
buried  his  father^  (15)  And  when  Jo- 
soph's  brethren  saw  that  their  father  was 
dead,  they  said,  It  may  be  that  Joseph 
will  hate  us,  and  will  fully  requite  us  all 
the  evil  which  we  did  unto  him.  (16) 
And  they  sent  a  message  unto  Joseph, 
saying.  Thy  father  did  command  before 
he  died,  saying,  (17)  So  shall  ye  say  unto 
Joseph,  Forgive,  I  pray  thee  now,  the 
transgression  of  thy  brethren,  and  their 
sin,  for  that  they  did  unto  thee  evil :  and 
now,  we  pray  thee,  forgive  the  transgres- 
sion of  the  servants  of  the  God  of  thy 
father.  And  Joseph  wept  when  they 
spake  unto  him.  UlS)  And  his  brethren  \ 
also  went  and  fell  clown  before  his  face; 
and  they  said,  Behold,  we  be  thy  servautsTl' 
(19)  And  Joseph  said   unto  tliem,  Fear 


_t 


^ 


A^ 


'  Or,  bought.       ''  UcU.  tbei. 


GENESIS. 


69 


not :  for  am  I  in  the  place  of  God  ?  (20) 
And  as  for  you,  ye  meant  evil  against  me  ; 
but  God  meant  it  for  good,  to  bring  to 
pass,  as  it  is  this  day,  to  save  much  peo- 
ple alive.  J(21)  Now  therefore  fear  ye 
not:  I  will  nourish  3-ou,  and  your  little 
ones.  And  he  comforted  them,  and  spake 
^  kindly  unto  themTj 

(22)  And  Joseph  dwelt  in  Egypt,  he, 
and  his  father's  house  :  and  Joseph  lived 
an  hundred  and  ten  years.  (23)  And 
Joseph  saw  Ephraim's  children  of  the 
third   generation :    the   children   also   of 


Machir  the  son  of  Manasseh  were  bom 
upon  Joseph's  knees.  )  (24)  And  Joseph 
said  unto  his  brethren,  I  die :  but  God 
will  surely  visit  you,  and  bring  you  up  out 
of  this  land  unto  the  land  which  he  sware 
to  Abraham,  to  Isaac,  and  to  JacobTj 
(25)  And  Joseph  took  an  oath  of  the 
childi'en  of  Israel,  saying,  God  will  surely 
visit  j'ou,  and  ye  shall  carry  up  my  bones 
from  hence.  (26)  So  Joseph  died,  being 
an  hundred  and  ten  years  old :  and  they 
embalmed  him,  and  he  was  put  in  a  coffin 
in  Egypt. 


1  Heb.  to  their  heart. 


.      >  ■ '  /  ■■  ;>  ■  -■  ;■   ■  >    ■>■->;■ 
I      i      i      i      ^      i      ■'*      < 


